The 3521 Class were forty tank locomotives designed by William Dean to haul passenger trains on the Great Western Railway. They were introduced as 0-4-2T locomotives in 1887, but were quickly altered to become 0-4-4Ts to improve their running. Following two serious accidents they were further altered from 1899 to run as 4-4-0tender locomotives, in which form the last was withdrawn in 1934.
Due to the unsteady running of the 0-4-2STs, the last of the order, 3560, was turned out in August 1889 as a 0-4-4T bogie side tank. The remainder of the class were altered to a similar layout over the following two years. 3560 was slightly different at this time, having a bogie that was six inches (152 mm) shorter and an overall wheelbase of 20 ft 4 in (6.20 m), rather than the 21 ft 4 in (6.50 m) of the converted locomotives.
The standard gauge 0-4-2Ts were converted to 0-4-4Ts in the same manner as the broad gauge locomotives, which were all eventually converted to standard gauge. By the end of 1892 the whole class of forty locomotives was to one standard design for the first time.
3521
3522
3523
3524
3525
3526
3527
3528
3529
3530
3531
3532
3533
3534
3535
3536
3537
3538
3539
3540
3541 (1892 - )
3542 (1892 - )
3543 (1891 - )
3544 (1892 - )
3545 (1892 - )
3546 (1892 - )
3547 (1891 - )
3548 (1892 - )
3549 (1892 - )
3550 (1892 - )
3551 (1892 - )
3552 (1892 - )
3553 (1892 - )
3554 (1892 - )
3555 (1892 - )
3556 (1892 - )
3557 (1892 - )
3558 (1892 - )
3559 (1892 - )
3560 (1892 - 1899)
4-4-0 standard gauge
All forty 0-4-4T locomotives were rebuilt as 4-4-0 tender locomotives between 1899 and 1902. Twenty-six locos retained their parallel domed boilers while fourteen received new Standard No 3 parallel domeless boilers (later replaced by the taper barrel version of that type).[1][2] (Holcroft states that twenty-six received Standard No 3 boilers.)[3]
Holcroft[4] was of the opinion that the original inside and outside frames were modified whereas Le Fleming[5] was of the opinion that new inside frames would have been required. However, as the modification also increased the coupled wheelbase from 7 ft 4 in to 8 ft 6 in it is unlikely that much of the original framing was re-used.
Two locomotives, 3521 and 3546, were transferred to the Cambrian Railways in 1921 to replace locomotives destroyed in the Abermule accident. They were allocated Cambrian numbers 82 and 95 respectively but these were never carried, the two locomotives being returned to the Great Western Railway with their original numbers when the two railways were grouped together in 1922.
Accidents and incidents
On 13 April 1895, locomotives 3536 and 3537, hauling the Cornishman, exceeded the speed limit by 24 miles per hour (39 km/h), damaging the track. A passenger train hauled by 3521 and 3548 consequently derailed between Doublebois and Bodmin Road, Cornwall.[6]
In 1898, locomotive 3542 derailed near Penryn, Cornwall whilst hauling a mail train. The locomotive rolled down an embankment, killing the driver. The accident was caused by a combination of the condition of the track and the locomotive oscillating. Following this the whole class was rebuilt as 4-4-0 tender locomotives.[6]
References
^Gibson, John C. (1984). Great Western locomotive design : a critical appreciation. Newton Abbot [Devon]: David & Charles. p. 45. ISBN0715386069.
^le Fleming, H.M. (October 1954). White, D.E. (ed.). The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, part seven: Dean's Larger Tender Engines. Kenilworth: RCTS. pp. G45–G48. ISBN0-901115-18-5. OCLC 655235293.
^Holcroft, Harold (1957). An Outline of Great Western Locomotive Practice 1837-1947. Shepperton: Ian Allan Ltd. p. 79.
^Holcroft, Harold (1971) [1957]. An Outline of Great Western Locomotive Practice 1837-1947. Shepperton: Ian Allan Ltd. p. 78. ISBN0-7110-0228-2.
^le Fleming, H. M. (October 1954). White, D.E. (ed.). The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, part seven: Dean's Larger Tender Engines. Kenilworth: RCTS. p. G45. ISBN0-901115-18-5.
^ abTrevena, Arthur (1980). Trains in Trouble. Vol. 1. Redruth: Atlantic Books. pp. 10–11. ISBN0-906899-01-X.
Allcock, N. J.; Davies, F. K.; le Fleming, H. M.; Maskelyne, J. N.; Reed, P. J. T.; Tabor, F. J. (1968) [1951]. White, D. E. (ed.). The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, part one: Preliminary Survey. Kenilworth: RCTS.
Reed, P.J.T. (February 1953). White, D.E. (ed.). The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, Part 2: Broad Gauge. Kenilworth: The Railway Correspondence and Travel Society. ISBN0-901115-32-0. OCLC 650490992.
Casserley, H.C.; Johnston, S.C. (1966). Locomotives at the Grouping: Great Western Railway. Shepperton: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN0-7110-0555-9.
Russell, J.H. (1975). A Pictorial Record of Great Western Engines, Volume 1. Oxford: Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN0-86093-398-9.
Waters, Laurence (1999). The Great Western Broad Gauge. Hersham: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN0-7110-2634-3.
February 17, 2023
3521, class, 3521, class, were, forty, tank, locomotives, designed, william, dean, haul, passenger, trains, great, western, railway, they, were, introduced, locomotives, 1887, were, quickly, altered, become, improve, their, running, following, serious, acciden. The 3521 Class were forty tank locomotives designed by William Dean to haul passenger trains on the Great Western Railway They were introduced as 0 4 2T locomotives in 1887 but were quickly altered to become 0 4 4Ts to improve their running Following two serious accidents they were further altered from 1899 to run as 4 4 0 tender locomotives in which form the last was withdrawn in 1934 GWR 3521 classType and originPower typeSteamDesignerWilliam DeanBuilderGWR Swindon WorksOrder numberLots 73 76Serial number1095 1114 1117 1136Build date1887 1889SpecificationsConfiguration WhyteLot 73 0 4 2TLot 76 0 4 2STLoco 3560 0 4 4TGaugeLot 73 4 ft 8 1 2 in 1 435 mm Lot 76 7 ft 1 4 in 2 140 mm Driver dia 5 ft 0 in 1 524 m Trailing dia 4 ft 0 in 1 219 m Wheelbase16 ft 6 in 5 03 m Cylinder size17 in 24 in 430 mm 610 mm dia StrokeCareerOperatorsGreat Western RailwayNumbers3521 3540 3541 3560 Contents 1 Locomotives 1 1 0 4 2T standard gauge 1 2 0 4 2T broad gauge 1 3 0 4 4T broad gauge 1 4 0 4 4T standard gauge 1 5 4 4 0 standard gauge 2 Accidents and incidents 3 ReferencesLocomotives Edit0 4 2T standard gauge Edit The first twenty locomotives were turned out in 1887 as 0 4 2T locomotives for services on the 4 ft 8 1 2 in 1 435 mm standard gauge lines 3521 3522 3523 3524 3525 3526 3527 3528 3529 3530 3531 3532 3533 3534 3535 3536 3537 3538 3539 3540 0 4 2T broad gauge Edit In 1888 a further batch of twenty were ordered as 0 4 2ST saddle tanks for the 7 ft 1 4 in 2 140 mm broad gauge lines in Devon and Cornwall 3541 1888 1890 3542 1888 1891 3543 1888 1891 3544 1888 1890 3545 1888 1891 3546 1888 1890 3547 1888 1891 3548 1888 1891 3549 1888 1891 3550 1888 1890 3551 1888 1890 3552 1888 1890 3553 1888 1890 3554 1889 1891 3555 1889 1890 3556 1889 1890 3557 1889 1891 3558 1889 1890 3559 1889 1890 0 4 4T broad gauge Edit 3521 ClassType and originPower typeSteamSpecificationsConfiguration Whyte0 4 4TDriver dia 5 ft 0 in 1 524 m Trailing dia 3 ft 6 in 1 067 m Wheelbase21 ft 4 in 6 50 m Only changes are shownDue to the unsteady running of the 0 4 2STs the last of the order 3560 was turned out in August 1889 as a 0 4 4T bogie side tank The remainder of the class were altered to a similar layout over the following two years 3560 was slightly different at this time having a bogie that was six inches 152 mm shorter and an overall wheelbase of 20 ft 4 in 6 20 m rather than the 21 ft 4 in 6 50 m of the converted locomotives 3541 1890 1892 3542 1891 1892 3544 1890 1892 3545 1891 1892 3546 1890 1892 3548 1891 1892 3549 1891 1892 3550 1890 1892 3551 1890 1892 3552 1890 1892 3553 1890 1892 3554 1891 1892 3555 1890 1892 3556 1890 1892 3557 1891 1892 3558 1890 1892 3559 1890 1892 3560 1889 1892 0 4 4T standard gauge Edit 3521 ClassType and originPower typeSteamDesignerWilliam DeanBuilderGreat Western RailwaySpecificationsConfiguration Whyte0 4 4TGauge4 ft 8 1 2 in 1 435 mm standard gaugeDriver dia 5 ft 0 in 1 524 m Trailing dia 3 ft 6 in 1 067 m Wheelbase21 ft 4 in 6 50 m BoilerGWR 2301Cylinder size17 in 24 in 430 mm 610 mm dia StrokeCareerOperatorsGreat Western RailwayClass3521 ClassThe standard gauge 0 4 2Ts were converted to 0 4 4Ts in the same manner as the broad gauge locomotives which were all eventually converted to standard gauge By the end of 1892 the whole class of forty locomotives was to one standard design for the first time 3521 3522 3523 3524 3525 3526 3527 3528 3529 3530 3531 3532 3533 3534 3535 3536 3537 3538 3539 3540 3541 1892 3542 1892 3543 1891 3544 1892 3545 1892 3546 1892 3547 1891 3548 1892 3549 1892 3550 1892 3551 1892 3552 1892 3553 1892 3554 1892 3555 1892 3556 1892 3557 1892 3558 1892 3559 1892 3560 1892 1899 4 4 0 standard gauge Edit All forty 0 4 4T locomotives were rebuilt as 4 4 0 tender locomotives between 1899 and 1902 Twenty six locos retained their parallel domed boilers while fourteen received new Standard No 3 parallel domeless boilers later replaced by the taper barrel version of that type 1 2 Holcroft states that twenty six received Standard No 3 boilers 3 Holcroft 4 was of the opinion that the original inside and outside frames were modified whereas Le Fleming 5 was of the opinion that new inside frames would have been required However as the modification also increased the coupled wheelbase from 7 ft 4 in to 8 ft 6 in it is unlikely that much of the original framing was re used Two locomotives 3521 and 3546 were transferred to the Cambrian Railways in 1921 to replace locomotives destroyed in the Abermule accident They were allocated Cambrian numbers 82 and 95 respectively but these were never carried the two locomotives being returned to the Great Western Railway with their original numbers when the two railways were grouped together in 1922 Accidents and incidents EditOn 13 April 1895 locomotives 3536 and 3537 hauling the Cornishman exceeded the speed limit by 24 miles per hour 39 km h damaging the track A passenger train hauled by 3521 and 3548 consequently derailed between Doublebois and Bodmin Road Cornwall 6 In 1898 locomotive 3542 derailed near Penryn Cornwall whilst hauling a mail train The locomotive rolled down an embankment killing the driver The accident was caused by a combination of the condition of the track and the locomotive oscillating Following this the whole class was rebuilt as 4 4 0 tender locomotives 6 References Edit Gibson John C 1984 Great Western locomotive design a critical appreciation Newton Abbot Devon David amp Charles p 45 ISBN 0715386069 le Fleming H M October 1954 White D E ed The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway part seven Dean s Larger Tender Engines Kenilworth RCTS pp G45 G48 ISBN 0 901115 18 5 OCLC 655235293 Holcroft Harold 1957 An Outline of Great Western Locomotive Practice 1837 1947 Shepperton Ian Allan Ltd p 79 Holcroft Harold 1971 1957 An Outline of Great Western Locomotive Practice 1837 1947 Shepperton Ian Allan Ltd p 78 ISBN 0 7110 0228 2 le Fleming H M October 1954 White D E ed The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway part seven Dean s Larger Tender Engines Kenilworth RCTS p G45 ISBN 0 901115 18 5 a b Trevena Arthur 1980 Trains in Trouble Vol 1 Redruth Atlantic Books pp 10 11 ISBN 0 906899 01 X Allcock N J Davies F K le Fleming H M Maskelyne J N Reed P J T Tabor F J 1968 1951 White D E ed The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway part one Preliminary Survey Kenilworth RCTS Reed P J T February 1953 White D E ed The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway Part 2 Broad Gauge Kenilworth The Railway Correspondence and Travel Society ISBN 0 901115 32 0 OCLC 650490992 Casserley H C Johnston S C 1966 Locomotives at the Grouping Great Western Railway Shepperton Ian Allan Publishing ISBN 0 7110 0555 9 Russell J H 1975 A Pictorial Record of Great Western Engines Volume 1 Oxford Oxford Publishing Company ISBN 0 86093 398 9 Waters Laurence 1999 The Great Western Broad Gauge Hersham Ian Allan Publishing ISBN 0 7110 2634 3 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title GWR 3521 Class amp oldid 1098561357, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
