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General Electric F404

April 12, 2024

The General Electric F404 and F412 are a family of afterburning turbofan engines in the 10,500–19,000 lbf (47–85 kN) class (static thrust). The series is produced by GE Aerospace. Partners include Volvo Aero, which builds the RM12 variant. The F404 was developed into the larger F414 turbofan, as well as the experimental GE36 civil propfan.

F404 / F412
An F404 turbofan being tested on board an aircraft carrier
Type Turbofan
National origin United States
Manufacturer General Electric
First run 1978
Major applications Boeing–Saab T-7 Red Hawk
HAL Tejas Mk 1/1A
KAI T-50 Golden Eagle
Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk
McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet
Northrop F-20 Tigershark
Developed from General Electric YJ101
Variants Volvo RM12
Developed into General Electric F414
General Electric GE36
General Electric LM1600

Design and development edit

F404 edit

GE developed the F404 for the F/A-18 Hornet, shortly after losing the competition for the F-15 Eagle's engine to Pratt & Whitney, and losing the Lightweight Fighter (LWF) competition to the Pratt & Whitney F100 powered YF-16. For the F/A-18, GE based the F404 on the YJ101 engine they had developed for the Northrop YF-17, enlarging the bypass ratio from .20 to .34 to enable higher fuel economy. The engine was designed with a higher priority on reliability than performance. Cost was the main goal in the design of the engine.[1]

GE also analyzed "throttle profiles" and found that pilots were changing throttle settings far more often than engineers previously expected; putting undue stress on the engines. GE also sought with the F404 a design that would avoid compressor stalls and other engine failures, and would respond quickly to control inputs; a common complaint of pilots converting from propeller planes to jets was that early turbojets were not responsive to changes in thrust input. GE executives Frederick A. Larson and Paul Setts also set the goal that the new engine would be smaller than the F-4's GE J79, but provide at least as much thrust, and cost half as much as the P&W F100 engine for the F-16.[2]

Due to a fan designed to smooth airflow before it enters the compressor, the F404 has high resistance to compressor stalls, even at high angles of attack. It requires less than two shop visits per 1,000 flight hours and averages 6,500 hours between in-flight events. It also demonstrates high responsiveness to control inputs, spooling from idle to full afterburner in 4 seconds. The engine contains an in-flight engine condition monitoring system (IECMS) that monitors for critical malfunctions and keeps track of parts lifetimes.[3]

GE developed the F110 for the Air Force as an alternative to the Pratt & Whitney F100 for use on the F-16 and F-15 based on the F101 and used F404 technology.[4] GE developed the F404-GE-402 in response to a Swiss requirement for more power in its F/A-18 version.[5] The new engine version was used on Kuwaiti Hornets, later U.S. C and D Hornets, and subsequent Hornets.[5]

The KAI T-50 Golden Eagle uses a single General Electric F404-102 turbofan engine with Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) system. The engine consists of three-staged fans, seven axial stage arrangement, and an afterburner. The aircraft has a maximum speed of Mach 1.5. Its engine produces a maximum of 17,700 lbf (78.7 kN) of thrust with afterburner.

Almost 4,000 F404 engines power the F/A-18 Hornets in service worldwide. The F404 engine family had totaled over 12 million flight hours by 2010.[6]

For HAL Tejas, GE developed an uprated F404-IN20, which is the highest thrust variant in F404 family, and which produces a maximum of 19,000 lbf (84 kN) of thrust with afterburner.[7] It incorporates latest hot section materials and technologies as well as FADEC system for reliable power and performance. On 17 August 2021, India signed a contract with GE worth ₹5,375 crore (equivalent to ₹60 billion or US$760 million in 2023) to supply 99 F404 engine and service support by 2029.[8]

F412 edit

GE developed the F404 into the F412-GE-400 non-afterburning turbofan for the McDonnell Douglas A-12 Avenger II. After the cancellation of the A-12, the research was directed toward an engine for the Super Hornet, which evolved into the F414.

Applications edit

 
Sailors lower an F/A-18 Hornet engine into its container aboard the USS Kitty Hawk (CV-63)
F404
F412

Specifications (F404-GE-402) edit

Data from General Electric[9]

General characteristics

Components

Performance

See also edit

Related development

Comparable engines

Related lists

References edit

  1. ^ Spick, Mike ed, Great Book of Modern Warplanes, pp. 274-278. MBI, 2000. ISBN 0-7603-0893-4.
  2. ^ Kelly, Orr (1990). Hornet: the inside story of the F/A-18. Novato: Presidio Press. ISBN 0-89141-344-8.
  3. ^ Jenkins 2000, p. 144.
  4. ^ . Archived from the original on 2008-02-25. Retrieved 2008-02-26.
  5. ^ a b Jenkins 2000, pp. 62,-63 93, 97.
  6. ^ "Proven Experience, Program Upgrades Spark GE F110 and F404/414 Popularity" 2010-09-29 at the Wayback Machine. GE Aviation, July 19, 2010.
  7. ^ "F404" (PDF). GE Aviation. General Electric. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  8. ^ "HAL signs contract worth Rs 5,375 crore for supply of engines for Tejas aircraft". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
  9. ^ "F404 Engine" (PDF). General Electric.
  • Jenkins, Dennis R. F/A-18 Hornet: A Navy Success Story. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000. ISBN 0-07-134696-1.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to General Electric F404.
  • GE Aviation F404 page
  • F404 page on GlobalSecurity.org

April 12, 2024
general, electric, f404, f412, family, afterburning, turbofan, engines, class, static, thrust, series, produced, aerospace, partners, include, volvo, aero, which, builds, rm12, variant, f404, developed, into, larger, f414, turbofan, well, experimental, ge36, c. The General Electric F404 and F412 are a family of afterburning turbofan engines in the 10 500 19 000 lbf 47 85 kN class static thrust The series is produced by GE Aerospace Partners include Volvo Aero which builds the RM12 variant The F404 was developed into the larger F414 turbofan as well as the experimental GE36 civil propfan F404 F412An F404 turbofan being tested on board an aircraft carrierType TurbofanNational origin United StatesManufacturer General ElectricFirst run 1978Major applications Boeing Saab T 7 Red Hawk HAL Tejas Mk 1 1A KAI T 50 Golden Eagle Lockheed F 117 Nighthawk McDonnell Douglas F A 18 Hornet Northrop F 20 TigersharkDeveloped from General Electric YJ101Variants Volvo RM12Developed into General Electric F414 General Electric GE36 General Electric LM1600 Contents 1 Design and development 1 1 F404 1 2 F412 2 Applications 3 Specifications F404 GE 402 3 1 General characteristics 3 2 Components 3 3 Performance 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksDesign and development editF404 edit GE developed the F404 for the F A 18 Hornet shortly after losing the competition for the F 15 Eagle s engine to Pratt amp Whitney and losing the Lightweight Fighter LWF competition to the Pratt amp Whitney F100 powered YF 16 For the F A 18 GE based the F404 on the YJ101 engine they had developed for the Northrop YF 17 enlarging the bypass ratio from 20 to 34 to enable higher fuel economy The engine was designed with a higher priority on reliability than performance Cost was the main goal in the design of the engine 1 GE also analyzed throttle profiles and found that pilots were changing throttle settings far more often than engineers previously expected putting undue stress on the engines GE also sought with the F404 a design that would avoid compressor stalls and other engine failures and would respond quickly to control inputs a common complaint of pilots converting from propeller planes to jets was that early turbojets were not responsive to changes in thrust input GE executives Frederick A Larson and Paul Setts also set the goal that the new engine would be smaller than the F 4 s GE J79 but provide at least as much thrust and cost half as much as the P amp W F100 engine for the F 16 2 Due to a fan designed to smooth airflow before it enters the compressor the F404 has high resistance to compressor stalls even at high angles of attack It requires less than two shop visits per 1 000 flight hours and averages 6 500 hours between in flight events It also demonstrates high responsiveness to control inputs spooling from idle to full afterburner in 4 seconds The engine contains an in flight engine condition monitoring system IECMS that monitors for critical malfunctions and keeps track of parts lifetimes 3 GE developed the F110 for the Air Force as an alternative to the Pratt amp Whitney F100 for use on the F 16 and F 15 based on the F101 and used F404 technology 4 GE developed the F404 GE 402 in response to a Swiss requirement for more power in its F A 18 version 5 The new engine version was used on Kuwaiti Hornets later U S C and D Hornets and subsequent Hornets 5 The KAI T 50 Golden Eagle uses a single General Electric F404 102 turbofan engine with Full Authority Digital Engine Control FADEC system The engine consists of three staged fans seven axial stage arrangement and an afterburner The aircraft has a maximum speed of Mach 1 5 Its engine produces a maximum of 17 700 lbf 78 7 kN of thrust with afterburner Almost 4 000 F404 engines power the F A 18 Hornets in service worldwide The F404 engine family had totaled over 12 million flight hours by 2010 6 For HAL Tejas GE developed an uprated F404 IN20 which is the highest thrust variant in F404 family and which produces a maximum of 19 000 lbf 84 kN of thrust with afterburner 7 It incorporates latest hot section materials and technologies as well as FADEC system for reliable power and performance On 17 August 2021 India signed a contract with GE worth 5 375 crore equivalent to 60 billion or US 760 million in 2023 to supply 99 F404 engine and service support by 2029 8 F412 edit GE developed the F404 into the F412 GE 400 non afterburning turbofan for the McDonnell Douglas A 12 Avenger II After the cancellation of the A 12 the research was directed toward an engine for the Super Hornet which evolved into the F414 Applications edit nbsp Sailors lower an F A 18 Hornet engine into its container aboard the USS Kitty Hawk CV 63 F404Boeing Phantom Ray Boeing X 45C Boeing Saab T 7 Red Hawk FMA SAIA 90 as designed not built Dassault Rafale A prototype only Grumman A 6F Intruder II Grumman X 29 HAL Tejas Mk 1 1A Lockheed F 117 Nighthawk KAI T 50 Golden Eagle McDonnell Douglas F A 18 Hornet A D Northrop F 20 Tigershark Scaled Composites Model 400 Rockwell MBB X 31 ST Aerospace A 4SU Super Skyhawk TAI HurjetF412McDonnell Douglas A 12 Avenger II as designed not built Specifications F404 GE 402 editData from General Electric 9 General characteristics Type afterburning turbofan Length 154 in 391 cm Diameter 35 in 89 cm Dry weight 2 282 lb 1 035 kg Components Compressor axial with 3 fan and 7 HP stages Combustors annular Turbine 1 LP and 1 HP stagePerformance Maximum thrust 11 000 lbf 48 9 kN military thrust 17 700 lbf 78 7 kN with afterburner Overall pressure ratio 28 1 Bypass ratio 0 36 1 Air mass flow 146 lb s 66 2 kg s Specific fuel consumption Military thrust 0 81 lb lbf h 23 g kN s Full afterburner 1 74 lb lbf h 49 g kN s Thrust to weight ratio 4 8 dry 7 75 afterburning See also editRelated development General Electric YJ101 General Electric F414 General Electric F110 Volvo RM12Comparable engines GTRE GTX 35VS Kaveri Guizhou WS 13 Klimov RD 33 Snecma M88 Turbo Union RB199Related lists List of aircraft enginesReferences edit Spick Mike ed Great Book of Modern Warplanes pp 274 278 MBI 2000 ISBN 0 7603 0893 4 Kelly Orr 1990 Hornet the inside story of the F A 18 Novato Presidio Press ISBN 0 89141 344 8 Jenkins 2000 p 144 GEAE F110 Engine Archived from the original on 2008 02 25 Retrieved 2008 02 26 a b Jenkins 2000 pp 62 63 93 97 Proven Experience Program Upgrades Spark GE F110 and F404 414 Popularity Archived 2010 09 29 at the Wayback Machine GE Aviation July 19 2010 F404 PDF GE Aviation General Electric Retrieved 19 January 2022 HAL signs contract worth Rs 5 375 crore for supply of engines for Tejas aircraft The New Indian Express Retrieved 2021 08 17 F404 Engine PDF General Electric Jenkins Dennis R F A 18 Hornet A Navy Success Story New York McGraw Hill 2000 ISBN 0 07 134696 1 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to General Electric F404 GE Aviation F404 page F404 page on GlobalSecurity org Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title General Electric F404 amp oldid 1214556194, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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