The GAZelle (Russian: ГАЗе́ль) is a series of light commercial vehicles: pickup trucks, vans and minibuses made by Russian car manufacturer GAZ. At the time of the dissolution of the Soviet Union and transition to a market economy, the Russian automobile industry had not produced a much-demanded LCV similar to the Ford Transit or VW T4 class. The GAZelle shares many parts with the company's passenger cars (especially GAZ-31029), in fact, models produced until 1998 had the same grille. Riga Autobus Factory, which formerly manufactured minibuses for the whole USSR, remained in Latvia, now required its vehicles be sold to the now-foreign Russian market for hard currency. Responding to this market opportunity, GAZ swiftly developed its own LCV called GAZelle (the name is a pun on "gazelle"), that taken together with its lighter version Sobol now account for the majority of the Russian van and light truck market[1] and has strong positions in the markets of other CIS countries, ranking as GAZ's most popular and successful products.[2]
GAZelle
GAZelle with the restyled front end introduced in 2003
The GAZelle is a copy of a 1986 Ford Transit,[3] and has been very successful on the Russian market despite minimal upgrades.
Various sources do not refer to the vehicle as a plain copy of the Ford Transit.[4][5][6] The development dates back to both Soviet designs of the 1980s, which were originally intended for production in a never commissioned vehicle plant in Kirovabad (Azerbaijan), as well as unofficial developments of the GAZ plant from the same period.[4] The project could only be pursued further by GAZ after the collapse of the Soviet Union. In August 1993 the GAZelle was presented at a motor show in Moscow, production started in July[4] or at the end of 1994[5] in Nizhny Novgorod.[4] Despite the similar appearance, the first generation of the GAZelle differs from the 1986 Ford Transit in various technical features and details, such as engines, transmissions, interior design, steering and brake components.[6] The GAZelle uses only Russian-made engines, different manual transmissions were installed, there was no option for an automatic transmission. Also, the front seats have been changed in design, as well as the heating and ventilation system and the engine radiator, the dashboard was redesigned. The ground clearance of the Russian vehicles is higher, it was adapted to the road conditions in Russia.[6]
In 1999 GAZ started production of all-terrain 4x4 versions of GAZelle that utilized parts of the heavier-class vehicles. Now it features an optional rear differential lock offered at ~US$500 extra.
By 2005 one million GAZelles had been built. Apart from the CIS countries and Central and Eastern Europe, GAZelles are exported to Asian and African markets, including Morocco[7] and the Philippines.[8][9]
In 2010–2011 the GAZelle family underwent a serious upgrade. The upgraded model was renamed GAZelle Business. The changes affected 20 main vehicle units and systems, including steering, brakes, gearbox, cooling system, transmission and interior.[10]
In 2013 GAZ started serial production of the new generation GAZelle NEXT light commercial vehicle that features freighter, van, minibus and other versions of different sizes.[11][12]
2003 – Started production of the second generation. Changes: new teardrop-shaped headlights instead of rectangular, new grille, new front bumper, increased space under the hood, rear colorless lenses turning lights, combined with the reversing light lenses. A new dashboard and power steering, steel versions are available with all-wheel drive.
2006 – side repeaters turning lights moved from the front wings to the side mirrors, which were painted body color
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GAZelle-Business
2010 – Scale modernization, construction of 130 changes including a new grill combined with the bumper. Inside, the new family of vehicles differs from their predecessors by way of a front panel, steering wheel, standard audio head unit from Blaupunkt, new cab heater control unit or the front of the cabin.
Engine UMZ – 4216 (fresh family car commercial - UMZ - 4216.10 ) got a new injection control program, whereby the maximum torque (220.5 Nm) is achieved at fairly low (for a gasoline engine) 2500 rpm. The family of " GAZelle Business " engine mountings were introduced Anvis Group, radiator with aluminum core TRM, Bosch electrical components and Brisk spark plugs. The drive brakes used Bosch products (in particular, the brake master cylinder and the brake servo), the drive clutch components and ZF Sachs, power steering from ZF Lenksysteme was introduced along with defroster door mirrors as standard.
New modification of the car with 2010 was equipped with a turbocharged diesel engine (Cummins ISF American development).
2011 – In the factory catalog, the first appearance of a shuttle van with a high roof.
2013 – Started producing modifications with bi-fuel petrol-gas engine.
The GAZ Sobol is a lighter duty version of the GAZelle, built on a shorter wheelbase. It was introduced in 1998.
The GAZ Valdai is a heavier duty version of the GAZelle, built on a longer wheelbase. It was introduced in 2003 and discontinued in favor of the GAZon.
The GAZelle cabin is also used for building tracked all-terrain carriers such as GAZ-3409 «Bobr» (Beaver).[13]
Before GAZ introduced its own GAZelle-based minibus, various smaller Russian factories launched rebuilding of freight GAZelles into minibuses ("Pskova-2214", "STG-01") and different custom vehicles.[14] A few Russian and Ukrainian factories still produce custom buses and ambulances based on GAZelles of "Business" and "NEXT" generations.
Trim levels
Before the 2010 upgrade, customers were not given the opportunity to select options. Currently the Gazelle-Business can be ordered with a rear differential lock, ABS braking system, "de luxe" instrument panel, and the "Package" option that includes fog lights, electroproof mirrors, front electric windows, dashboard "de luxe" (radio control buttons on the steering wheel and audio package) and central locking of the front doors.
Gazelle NEXT generation of LCVs has its own schedule of basic trim levels and options.
^"Поехали на рынок: продажи коммерческого транспорта в России растут | Бизнес". Forbes.ru. 2018-02-15. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
^"Russia launches production of GAZelle Next commercial vehicle in Turkey". TASS (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-04-24.
^"Russia revival: Contract assembly, cargo vans fuel GAZ rebirth". 15 October 2012.
^ abcdAndy Thompson: Trucks of the Soviet Union. Behemoth, 2017, ISBN 978-0-9928769-5-1, p. 308.
^ abL. M. Shugurov: Avtomobili Rossii. ILBI, Moscow 1998, p. 167.
^ abcS. Iunes: Иномарка, «похожая» на «Газель». Сравнение «Форд-Транзит» и «Газель». In: Грузовик Пресс, 06/2005 (russian)
^"Russian GAZ Launches Sales of its Commercial Vehicles in Morocco". The North Africa Post. 2018-07-06. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
^"ГАЗ начал продажи коммерческой техники в Марокко". azgaz.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-04-24.
^"Продажи микроавтобусов «ГАЗель NEXT» стартовали на Филиппинах". azgaz.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-04-24.
^ (Press release). GAZ Group. 2010-02-25. Archived from the original on 2011-09-25.
^"Gorky Automobile plant to showcase its products at the International Motor Show in the Philippines | Automotive World". Automotive World. 4 April 2019. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
^"ГАЗ представил в Европе новые модели для экспортных рынков". azgaz.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-04-24.
^"Микроавтобусы и микрогрузовики завода «Терминал»". www.gruzovikpress.ru. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
External links
GaZ's official GAZelle Page 2016-03-19 at the Wayback Machine (English)
Official site of plant in Turkey
Club car owners Gazelle (Russian)
January 19, 2023
gazelle, this, article, about, automobile, line, other, uses, gazelle, disambiguation, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, remov. This article is about the automobile line For other uses see Gazelle disambiguation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources GAZelle news newspapers books scholar JSTOR February 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message The GAZelle Russian GAZe l is a series of light commercial vehicles pickup trucks vans and minibuses made by Russian car manufacturer GAZ At the time of the dissolution of the Soviet Union and transition to a market economy the Russian automobile industry had not produced a much demanded LCV similar to the Ford Transit or VW T4 class The GAZelle shares many parts with the company s passenger cars especially GAZ 31029 in fact models produced until 1998 had the same grille Riga Autobus Factory which formerly manufactured minibuses for the whole USSR remained in Latvia now required its vehicles be sold to the now foreign Russian market for hard currency Responding to this market opportunity GAZ swiftly developed its own LCV called GAZelle the name is a pun on gazelle that taken together with its lighter version Sobol now account for the majority of the Russian van and light truck market 1 and has strong positions in the markets of other CIS countries ranking as GAZ s most popular and successful products 2 GAZelleGAZelle with the restyled front end introduced in 2003OverviewManufacturerGAZ Gorky Automobile Plant Production1994 presentAssemblyNizhny Novgorod Russia GAZ Rokiskis Lithuania UAB Automasinu verslo centras 2000 2008 Simferopol Autonomous Republic of Crimea Ukraine KrimAvtoGAZ 1995 2006 Sogutlu Turkey Mersa Otomotiv 2012 Haciqabul Azerbaijan Azermash 2021 Body and chassisClassLight commercial vehicle M Body style2 door dropside truck2 4 door pickup truck4 door panel van4 door minibusLayoutFR layoutRelatedGAZ 31029PowertrainEngine2 445 L ZMZ 402 Straight 42 28 L ZMZ 406 Straight 42 46 L ZMZ 405 Straight 42 134 L diesel GAZ 5602 Straight 42 43 L Chrysler 2 4L DOHC Straight 42 89 L UMZ 4216 Straight 42 8 L Cummins ISF2 8s4129P2 89 L UMZ 42164 with LPG Straight 4Transmission5 speed manualChronologySuccessorGazelle NEXTThe GAZelle is a copy of a 1986 Ford Transit 3 and has been very successful on the Russian market despite minimal upgrades Various sources do not refer to the vehicle as a plain copy of the Ford Transit 4 5 6 The development dates back to both Soviet designs of the 1980s which were originally intended for production in a never commissioned vehicle plant in Kirovabad Azerbaijan as well as unofficial developments of the GAZ plant from the same period 4 The project could only be pursued further by GAZ after the collapse of the Soviet Union In August 1993 the GAZelle was presented at a motor show in Moscow production started in July 4 or at the end of 1994 5 in Nizhny Novgorod 4 Despite the similar appearance the first generation of the GAZelle differs from the 1986 Ford Transit in various technical features and details such as engines transmissions interior design steering and brake components 6 The GAZelle uses only Russian made engines different manual transmissions were installed there was no option for an automatic transmission Also the front seats have been changed in design as well as the heating and ventilation system and the engine radiator the dashboard was redesigned The ground clearance of the Russian vehicles is higher it was adapted to the road conditions in Russia 6 In 1999 GAZ started production of all terrain 4x4 versions of GAZelle that utilized parts of the heavier class vehicles Now it features an optional rear differential lock offered at US 500 extra By 2005 one million GAZelles had been built Apart from the CIS countries and Central and Eastern Europe GAZelles are exported to Asian and African markets including Morocco 7 and the Philippines 8 9 In 2010 2011 the GAZelle family underwent a serious upgrade The upgraded model was renamed GAZelle Business The changes affected 20 main vehicle units and systems including steering brakes gearbox cooling system transmission and interior 10 In 2013 GAZ started serial production of the new generation GAZelle NEXT light commercial vehicle that features freighter van minibus and other versions of different sizes 11 12 Contents 1 Generations 2 Models 3 Variants 4 Trim levels 5 Gallery 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksGenerations EditName Date PhotoGAZelle 1994 Start of production of the first generation Initially released only freighters 1996 Started production of minibuses1998 Started production of scaled down version called Sobol citation needed GAZelle 2003 Started production of the second generation Changes new teardrop shaped headlights instead of rectangular new grille new front bumper increased space under the hood rear colorless lenses turning lights combined with the reversing light lenses A new dashboard and power steering steel versions are available with all wheel drive 2004 ABS introduced2006 side repeaters turning lights moved from the front wings to the side mirrors which were painted body color GAZelle Business 2010 Scale modernization construction of 130 changes including a new grill combined with the bumper Inside the new family of vehicles differs from their predecessors by way of a front panel steering wheel standard audio head unit from Blaupunkt new cab heater control unit or the front of the cabin Engine UMZ 4216 fresh family car commercial UMZ 4216 10 got a new injection control program whereby the maximum torque 220 5 Nm is achieved at fairly low for a gasoline engine 2500 rpm The family of GAZelle Business engine mountings were introduced Anvis Group radiator with aluminum core TRM Bosch electrical components and Brisk spark plugs The drive brakes used Bosch products in particular the brake master cylinder and the brake servo the drive clutch components and ZF Sachs power steering from ZF Lenksysteme was introduced along with defroster door mirrors as standard New modification of the car with 2010 was equipped with a turbocharged diesel engine Cummins ISF American development 2011 In the factory catalog the first appearance of a shuttle van with a high roof 2013 Started producing modifications with bi fuel petrol gas engine GAZelle Next 2013 started production of a completely new LCV while the production of the 2010 version continues Models EditGAZ 3302 dropside truck and chassis rear wheel drive regular three seat cab GAZ 33021 dropside truck and chassis improved RWD GAZ 33023 dropside truck and chassis all wheel drive GAZ 33027 dropside truck and chassis six seat King Cab extended cab RWD GAZ 330237 dropside truck and chassis extended cab AWD GAZ 3221 minibus 8 seats RWD GAZ 32213 minibus 13 seats RWD GAZ 322132 minibus 13 seats marshrutka for shuttle services RWD GAZ 2705 panel van RWD GAZ 27051 ambulance RWD GAZ 27052 Combi panel van extended cab RWD GAZ 27057 Combi panel van extended cab AWDVariants EditThe GAZ Sobol is a lighter duty version of the GAZelle built on a shorter wheelbase It was introduced in 1998 The GAZ Valdai is a heavier duty version of the GAZelle built on a longer wheelbase It was introduced in 2003 and discontinued in favor of the GAZon The GAZelle cabin is also used for building tracked all terrain carriers such as GAZ 3409 Bobr Beaver 13 Before GAZ introduced its own GAZelle based minibus various smaller Russian factories launched rebuilding of freight GAZelles into minibuses Pskova 2214 STG 01 and different custom vehicles 14 A few Russian and Ukrainian factories still produce custom buses and ambulances based on GAZelles of Business and NEXT generations Trim levels EditBefore the 2010 upgrade customers were not given the opportunity to select options Currently the Gazelle Business can be ordered with a rear differential lock ABS braking system de luxe instrument panel and the Package option that includes fog lights electroproof mirrors front electric windows dashboard de luxe radio control buttons on the steering wheel and audio package and central locking of the front doors Gazelle NEXT generation of LCVs has its own schedule of basic trim levels and options Gallery Edit GAZelle Next ambulance GAZelle 2705 school bus A white GAZ 322133 GAZelle taxi minibus GAZelle ambulance in Kharkiv GAZelle ambulance in Tomsk GAZelle in Prague The shorter GAZ Sobol as a police van GAZelle Business 2010 present A firefighting GAZelle van in Saratov GAZ 27527 Sobol all terrain camper Sobol based camper van Pickup utility truckSee also EditFIAT Ducato VW Crafter Mercedes Benz Sprinter LDV Maxus Wikimedia Commons has media related to GAZelle References Edit Poehali na rynok prodazhi kommercheskogo transporta v Rossii rastut Biznes Forbes ru 2018 02 15 Retrieved 2019 04 24 Russia launches production of GAZelle Next commercial vehicle in Turkey TASS in Russian Retrieved 2019 04 24 Russia revival Contract assembly cargo vans fuel GAZ rebirth 15 October 2012 a b c d Andy Thompson Trucks of the Soviet Union Behemoth 2017 ISBN 978 0 9928769 5 1 p 308 a b L M Shugurov Avtomobili Rossii ILBI Moscow 1998 p 167 a b c S Iunes Inomarka pohozhaya na Gazel Sravnenie Ford Tran zit i Ga zel In Gruzovik Press 06 2005 russian Russian GAZ Launches Sales of its Commercial Vehicles in Morocco The North Africa Post 2018 07 06 Retrieved 2019 04 24 GAZ nachal prodazhi kommercheskoj tehniki v Marokko azgaz ru in Russian Retrieved 2019 04 24 Prodazhi mikroavtobusov GAZel NEXT startovali na Filippinah azgaz ru in Russian Retrieved 2019 04 24 GAZ Group has started serial production of upgraded GAZelle Business Press release GAZ Group 2010 02 25 Archived from the original on 2011 09 25 Gorky Automobile plant to showcase its products at the International Motor Show in the Philippines Automotive World Automotive World 4 April 2019 Retrieved 2019 04 24 GAZ predstavil v Evrope novye modeli dlya eksportnyh rynkov azgaz ru in Russian Retrieved 2019 04 24 GAZ 3409 Bobr Kupit vezdehod GAZ 3409 Bobr Cena po zaprosu www gaz 34039 ru Retrieved 2019 04 24 Mikroavtobusy i mikrogruzoviki zavoda Terminal www gruzovikpress ru Retrieved 2019 04 24 External links EditGaZ s official GAZelle Page Archived 2016 03 19 at the Wayback Machine English Official site of plant in Turkey Club car owners Gazelle Russian Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title GAZelle amp oldid 1127305962, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
