Fura-2, an aminopolycarboxylic acid, is a ratiometric fluorescent dye which binds to free intracellular calcium.[1] It was the first widely used dye for calcium imaging, and remains very popular. Fura-2 is excited at 340 nm and 380 nm of light, and the ratio of the emissions at those wavelengths is directly related to the amount of intracellular calcium. Regardless of the presence of calcium, Fura-2 emits at 510 nm of light. The use of the ratio automatically cancels out confounding variables, such as variable dye concentration and cell thickness, making Fura-2 one of the most appreciated tools to quantify calcium levels. The high photon yield of fura-2 allowed the first real time (video rate) measurements of calcium inside living cells in 1986.[2] More recently, genetically encoded calcium indicators based on spectral variants of the green fluorescent protein, such as Cameleons,[3] have supplemented the use of Fura-2 and other small molecule dyes for calcium imaging, but Fura-2 remains faster.
^Grynkiewicz, G.; Poenie, M. & Tsien, R.Y. (1985). "A new generation of Ca2+ indicators with greatly improved fluorescence properties*" (PDF). J. Biol. Chem. 260 (6): 3440–3450. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)83641-4. PMID 3838314.
^Cannell, MB; Berlin, JR; Lederer, WJ (1987). "Intracellular calcium in cardiac myocytes: calcium transients measured using fluorescence imaging". Society of General Physiologists Series. 42: 201–14. PMID 3505361.
^Tsien, Roger Y.; Miyawaki, Atsushi; Llopis, Juan; Heim, Roger; McCaffery, J. Michael; Adams, Joseph A.; Ikura, Mitsuhiko (1997). "Fluorescent indicators for Ca2+based on green fluorescent proteins and calmodulin". Nature. 388 (6645): 882–7. Bibcode:1997Natur.388..882M. doi:10.1038/42264. PMID 9278050. S2CID 13745050.
December 14, 2023
fura, aminopolycarboxylic, acid, ratiometric, fluorescent, which, binds, free, intracellular, calcium, first, widely, used, calcium, imaging, remains, very, popular, excited, light, ratio, emissions, those, wavelengths, directly, related, amount, intracellular. Fura 2 an aminopolycarboxylic acid is a ratiometric fluorescent dye which binds to free intracellular calcium 1 It was the first widely used dye for calcium imaging and remains very popular Fura 2 is excited at 340 nm and 380 nm of light and the ratio of the emissions at those wavelengths is directly related to the amount of intracellular calcium Regardless of the presence of calcium Fura 2 emits at 510 nm of light The use of the ratio automatically cancels out confounding variables such as variable dye concentration and cell thickness making Fura 2 one of the most appreciated tools to quantify calcium levels The high photon yield of fura 2 allowed the first real time video rate measurements of calcium inside living cells in 1986 2 More recently genetically encoded calcium indicators based on spectral variants of the green fluorescent protein such as Cameleons 3 have supplemented the use of Fura 2 and other small molecule dyes for calcium imaging but Fura 2 remains faster Fura 2 IdentifiersCAS Number 96314 98 6 Y3D model JSmol Interactive imageChemSpider 51442 YPubChem CID 57054UNII TSN3DL106G YCompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID20242203InChI InChI 1S C29H27N3O14 c1 15 2 3 17 31 11 24 33 34 12 25 35 36 20 6 15 43 4 5 44 21 7 16 8 22 28 30 10 23 46 28 29 41 42 45 19 16 9 18 21 32 13 26 37 38 14 27 39 40 h2 3 6 10H 4 5 11 14H2 1H3 H 33 34 H 35 36 H 37 38 H 39 40 H 41 42 YKey YFHXZQPUBCBNIP UHFFFAOYSA N YInChI 1 C29H27N3O14 c1 15 2 3 17 31 11 24 33 34 12 25 35 36 20 6 15 43 4 5 44 21 7 16 8 22 28 30 10 23 46 28 29 41 42 45 19 16 9 18 21 32 13 26 37 38 14 27 39 40 h2 3 6 10H 4 5 11 14H2 1H3 H 33 34 H 35 36 H 37 38 H 39 40 H 41 42 Key YFHXZQPUBCBNIP UHFFFAOYAOSMILES O C O CN c4ccc cc4OCCOc3cc1c oc c1 c2ncc o2 C O O cc3N CC O O CC O O C CC O OPropertiesChemical formula C29H22N3O14K5Molar mass 831 99 g molExcept where otherwise noted data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 C 77 F 100 kPa Y verify what is Y N Infobox referencesSee also editFura 2AM a membrane permeant derivative of Fura 2 Indo 1References edit Grynkiewicz G Poenie M amp Tsien R Y 1985 A new generation of Ca2 indicators with greatly improved fluorescence properties PDF J Biol Chem 260 6 3440 3450 doi 10 1016 S0021 9258 19 83641 4 PMID 3838314 Cannell MB Berlin JR Lederer WJ 1987 Intracellular calcium in cardiac myocytes calcium transients measured using fluorescence imaging Society of General Physiologists Series 42 201 14 PMID 3505361 Tsien Roger Y Miyawaki Atsushi Llopis Juan Heim Roger McCaffery J Michael Adams Joseph A Ikura Mitsuhiko 1997 Fluorescent indicators for Ca2 based on green fluorescent proteins and calmodulin Nature 388 6645 882 7 Bibcode 1997Natur 388 882M doi 10 1038 42264 PMID 9278050 S2CID 13745050 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fura 2 amp oldid 1175786869, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
