The Thérèse was a 58-gun ship of the line of the French Navy. She was designed and built by François Pomet in Toulon Dockyard between 1662 and 1665, and was classed as a vaisseau de troisième rang (ship of the third rank). She was part of a French relief effort to Candia during a siege by the Ottomans and was sunk on 24 July 1669 after an explosion in her powder magazine. At the time she was a flagship of the expedition.[2]
The Thérèse arrived at Candia on 19 June 1669 in company with 17 transport ships and 6,000 French soldiers.[3] The French force was there to support the Venetian forces during the Siege of Candia. Another 24 French warships arrived on 3 July. Six days after their arrival the leader of the French corps, François de Vendôme, Duc de Beaufort, was killed in battle and Philippe de Montaut-Bénac [fr] took over. On 10 July a council of all the leaders of the allied armies took place and the decision was made to use the fleet to attack the Turks northwest of the city, as this part of the city was totally impoverished. After the bombardment the allied forces aimed to strike and repel the Turks. 24 July was selected as the day of the operation. As planned that day, the whole Navy sailed west of the city to the mouth of the river Giofyros. The fleet comprised 58 warships mounting 1100 cannon. For three hours the fleet continuously bombarded the Turks, when suddenly La Thérèse's powder magazine caught fire, resulting in the destruction of the ship. Only seven of her crew survived out of 350. Immediately after this incident there was great confusion in the French naval force and the fleet's commander, Vincenzo Rospigliosi, ordered the bombardment to be abandoned, and sailed the fleet to the island of Dia.
The accident seriously damaged the citizens' and sailors' morale and caused divisions in the military leadership. The leader of the French force, Philippe de Montaut, decided to withdraw from the city, having sustained casualties of over 2,000 dead and injured, and suffering a shortage of food and supplies.
Captain GeneralFrancesco Morosini, tried in vain to change de Montaut's mind. Eventually, between 16 and 21 August, the whole French fleet sailed away leaving the allied forces, a total of 3,600 men, consisting of Venetians, Italians, English, Scottish, Germans and Greeks, to fight alone against over 60,000 Turks. A few days later Morosini was informed that Turkish reinforcements had arrived in Crete, and decided to surrender the city. He signed the capitulation on 6 September and the city was handed over to the Turks.
The shipwreck
Manolis Voutsalas, a Greek diver, discovered the wreck of La Thérèse west of the port of Heraklion. However, he was initially unsure of her identity. In 1976, Jacques Cousteau visited Crete and Voutsalas showed him the site of the shipwreck. After several dives, Cousteau identified it as the shipwreck of La Thérèse.[4] The scientific underwater excavation of the shipwreck started in 1987 by the Greek Ministry of Culture. The archaeologists M. Anagnostopoulou and Nicolas Lianos excavated the shipwreck, succeeded in mapping it and raised several objects. Among them, a bronze cannon with the inscription "Le Duc de Vendôme 1666" (admiral), and "HONARATUS SUCHET F(ecit) TOLONI" (cnf. M. Anagnostopoulou- N. Lianos, ΑΑΑ v.ΧΙΧ(1986). This is considered to be the first systematic underwater excavation in Greece.
Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours 1 1671 - 1870. p. 223. ISBN978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922.
Nomenclature des Vaisseaux du Roi-Soleil de 1661 a 1715. Alain Demerliac (Editions Omega, Nice – various dates).
The Sun King's Vessels (2015) - Jean-Claude Lemineur; English translation by François Fougerat. Editions ANCRE. ISBN978-2903179885
Winfield, Rif and Roberts, Stephen (2017) French Warships in the Age of Sail 1626-1786: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth Publishing. ISBN978-1-4738-9351-1.
^The French (pre-metric) foot was 6.575% longer than the equivalent English foot.
^Greekislands.com French Rear Admiral's ship "La Therese" (1669) 2012-03-26 at the Wayback Machine
Η Υποβρύχια Έρευνα στον κόλπο Δερματά του Ηρακλείου Κρήτης (1988), Μαρία Αναγνοστοπούλου-Νίκος Λιανός, Αρχαιολογικά Ανάλεκτα εξ Αθηνών (ΑΑΑ), τόμος ΧΙΧ (1986), Αρχαιολογικά Χρονικά, 63-70.
January 07, 2023
french, ship, thérèse, 1665, thérèse, ship, line, french, navy, designed, built, françois, pomet, toulon, dockyard, between, 1662, 1665, classed, vaisseau, troisième, rang, ship, third, rank, part, french, relief, effort, candia, during, siege, ottomans, sunk,. The Therese was a 58 gun ship of the line of the French Navy She was designed and built by Francois Pomet in Toulon Dockyard between 1662 and 1665 and was classed as a vaisseau de troisieme rang ship of the third rank She was part of a French relief effort to Candia during a siege by the Ottomans and was sunk on 24 July 1669 after an explosion in her powder magazine At the time she was a flagship of the expedition 2 A ship of Therese s type in the mid 1600sHistoryFranceNameThereseBuilderToulonLaid downJuly 1662Launched13 March 1665CompletedDecember 1665FateBlew up and sank on 24 July 1669General characteristicsClass and type58 gun ship of the lineTonnage850 tonsLength127 French feet 1 Beam32 French feetDepth of hold15 French feetPropulsionSailsSail planFull rigged shipComplement350 5 officersArmament58 guns comprising 24 x 18 pounders on the lower deck 24 x 12 pounders on the upper deck 10 x 8 pounders on the quarterdeck and forecastle Contents 1 History 2 The shipwreck 3 See also 4 References 5 BibliographyHistory Edit French troops in Candia Illustration by Giuseppe Lorenzo Gatteri 1863 The Therese arrived at Candia on 19 June 1669 in company with 17 transport ships and 6 000 French soldiers 3 The French force was there to support the Venetian forces during the Siege of Candia Another 24 French warships arrived on 3 July Six days after their arrival the leader of the French corps Francois de Vendome Duc de Beaufort was killed in battle and Philippe de Montaut Benac fr took over On 10 July a council of all the leaders of the allied armies took place and the decision was made to use the fleet to attack the Turks northwest of the city as this part of the city was totally impoverished After the bombardment the allied forces aimed to strike and repel the Turks 24 July was selected as the day of the operation As planned that day the whole Navy sailed west of the city to the mouth of the river Giofyros The fleet comprised 58 warships mounting 1100 cannon For three hours the fleet continuously bombarded the Turks when suddenly La Therese s powder magazine caught fire resulting in the destruction of the ship Only seven of her crew survived out of 350 Immediately after this incident there was great confusion in the French naval force and the fleet s commander Vincenzo Rospigliosi ordered the bombardment to be abandoned and sailed the fleet to the island of Dia The accident seriously damaged the citizens and sailors morale and caused divisions in the military leadership The leader of the French force Philippe de Montaut decided to withdraw from the city having sustained casualties of over 2 000 dead and injured and suffering a shortage of food and supplies Captain General Francesco Morosini tried in vain to change de Montaut s mind Eventually between 16 and 21 August the whole French fleet sailed away leaving the allied forces a total of 3 600 men consisting of Venetians Italians English Scottish Germans and Greeks to fight alone against over 60 000 Turks A few days later Morosini was informed that Turkish reinforcements had arrived in Crete and decided to surrender the city He signed the capitulation on 6 September and the city was handed over to the Turks The shipwreck EditManolis Voutsalas a Greek diver discovered the wreck of La Therese west of the port of Heraklion However he was initially unsure of her identity In 1976 Jacques Cousteau visited Crete and Voutsalas showed him the site of the shipwreck After several dives Cousteau identified it as the shipwreck of La Therese 4 The scientific underwater excavation of the shipwreck started in 1987 by the Greek Ministry of Culture The archaeologists M Anagnostopoulou and Nicolas Lianos excavated the shipwreck succeeded in mapping it and raised several objects Among them a bronze cannon with the inscription Le Duc de Vendome 1666 admiral and HONARATUS SUCHET F ecit TOLONI cnf M Anagnostopoulou N Lianos AAA v XIX 1986 This is considered to be the first systematic underwater excavation in Greece See also EditNaval battles of the Cretan WarsReferences EditRoche Jean Michel 2005 Dictionnaire des batiments de la flotte de guerre francaise de Colbert a nos jours 1 1671 1870 p 223 ISBN 978 2 9525917 0 6 OCLC 165892922 Nomenclature des Vaisseaux du Roi Soleil de 1661 a 1715 Alain Demerliac Editions Omega Nice various dates The Sun King s Vessels 2015 Jean Claude Lemineur English translation by Francois Fougerat Editions ANCRE ISBN 978 2903179885 Winfield Rif and Roberts Stephen 2017 French Warships in the Age of Sail 1626 1786 Design Construction Careers and Fates Seaforth Publishing ISBN 978 1 4738 9351 1 The French pre metric foot was 6 575 longer than the equivalent English foot Greekislands com French Rear Admiral s ship La Therese 1669 Archived 2012 03 26 at the Wayback Machine Ka8hmerinh 7 meres O Krhtikos polemos http wwk kathimerini gr kath 7days 1998 01 25011998 pdf Archived 2011 10 06 at the Wayback Machine in Greek Ka8hmerinh 7 meres Megala nayagia http wwk kathimerini gr kath 7days 2000 01 09012000 pdf Archived 2011 10 06 at the Wayback Machine page 28 32 in Greek with photographs Bibliography EditO Krhtikos polemos 1645 1669 Xrysoylas Tzompanakh ISBN 978 960 92052 4 5 Istoria dela guerra di Candia Andrea Valiero H Ypobryxia Ereyna ston kolpo Dermata toy Hrakleioy Krhths 1988 Maria Anagnostopoyloy Nikos Lianos Arxaiologika Analekta e3 A8hnwn AAA tomos XIX 1986 Arxaiologika Xronika 63 70 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title French ship Therese 1665 amp oldid 1112722324, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
