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French ship Brillant (1690)

November 11, 2023

For other ships with the same name, see French ship Brillant.

Brillant was a 64-gun ship of the line of the French Navy. She was first classified as a Second-rank ship, and later reclassified as a Third-rank. She was built between 1689 and 1690 at Le Havre, under supervision by engineer Étienne Salicon. She served until 1719, and took part in the Nine Years' War (1688–1697) and the War of Spanish Succession (1702–1714).

Career edit

Nine Years' War edit

Brillant entered service one year into the war with England and Holland, and started taking part in operations under Captain de Beaujeu. She was part of the squadron under Tourville that departed Brest on 23 June 1690, leading to the Batte of Beachy Head on 10 July. Brillant held the 29th position in the French line of battle.

In 1692, De Combes took command of Brillant and she took part in Tourville's operation to cover an invasion of England from 12 May.[1] On 29 May, she took part in the Battle of Barfleur, 14th in the French line of battle. In the night following of the battle, she managed to escape, and thus avoid the Battle of La Hougue. In 1693, she took part in the Battle of Lagos, off Portugal.[2]

War of Spanish Succession (1702–1714) edit

Betweet Les rapports le disent stationnant alternativement à Rochefort et à Brest entre 1702 et 1705.[3]

In August 1705, she was attached to an 11-ship squadron under Iberville, for an expedition against New England, New York and Newfoundland.[4] The force left in two separate divisions that were to join up in the Caribbean. Brillant, under François-Joseph, comte de Choiseul-Beaupré, was part of the first division, under comte de Chavagnac, with five ships and one frigate, bound for Martinique[5] The armament of Brillant was improved to 64 guns (twenty-six 24-pounder long guns, twenty-six 12-pounders, and twelve 6-pounders[6]).

In February 1706, Choiseul attacked Saint Kitts, without waiting to join with Chavagnac. He managed to raid and loot the island, but not to destroy its forts. He then returned to Martinique, where he found Iberville, who had arrived on 7 March with the second division, which comprised four ships-of the-line and one frigate.[7] Iberville decided to mount an attack against Nevis. Brillant took position in front of one of the forts and bombarded it as a diversion, while Iberville conducted a nighttime landing on the rear of the British defences, defeating them on 4 April.[8] Iberville's intentions were to attack Virginia next, but his death at Havana on 9 July 1706 ended the campaign.[4]

Brillant returned to France with the rest of the squadron. In 1707, she was reclassified as a Third rate (vaisseau troisième de rang) and refitted.[9] She returned to service in 1708, in the midst of a financial crisis that made it difficult to maintain the fleet.[10] Duguay-Trouin's brother, visiting Brest in 1707, remarked that only four ships were seaworthy. Brillant was among them, but stayed in port.[4]

Raid on Rio de Janeiro (1711) edit

In 1711, Brillant was reactivated for a raid on Rio de Janeiro, under Duguay-Trouin, with seven ships of the line, six frigates, a bombship and three transports.[11] She was under Chevalier de Goyon-Beaufort.[4] She had two extra 6-pounders[12] and 522 men.

The squadron departed in early June, slipped past British cruisers, and arrived at Rio on 12 September. The French attacked immediately, with Brillant second in the line of battle. On 13 September, Goyon-Beaufort was put in charge of the landing at Goat Island.[4] Along with Mars, she bombarded and destroyed the main fort of the city. Duguay-Trouin then gave Goyon-Beaufort command of one of the landing parties.

After the Battle of Rio de Janeiro ended in Portuguese surrender and payment of a tribute, Brillant returned to France during November. She avoided the storm on 19 January 1712 that sank two of the ships of the squadron (Magnanime and Fidèle), along with their loot, off the Azores.La Roncière 1932.</ref>

With the return of peace, Brillant was put in the ordinary. In 1717, she was due for a refit in Brest.[13] She was struck in 1719.

Legacy edit

Brillant was the inspiration for Hergé's Unicorn (French: Licorne) in the albums The Secret of the Unicorn and Red Rackham's Treasure, a ship of the French navy captained by an ancestor of Captain Haddock.[14]

A model of Brillant is on display at the Musée national de la Marine, in Paris. It was made around 1836 by modelist Jean-Baptiste Tanneron, based on documents contemporary with the ship. The model is at the 1/40th scale, making it 48 cm high, 35 cm wide and 140 cm long. It is unrigged and without artillery, most of the effort having been devoted to the sculptures that reproduce Jean Bérain's drawings. The poop deck bears the motto Honneur et Patrie, which has been part of the motto of the French Navy since the 19th century, but is anachronistic for the Louis XIV era, where sailors would simply shout out Vive le Roi ("Long live the King"). The model was put on display for the temporary exhibit Tintin, Haddock et les bateaux in 1999.

Notes and references edit

  1. ^ Troude 1867–1868. Voir aussi le Brillant, sur le site du Musée national de la Marine.
  2. ^ La Roncière 1932. Voir aussi le Brillant, sur le site du Musée national de la Marine.
  3. ^ Tableau de la flotte française en 1702 et en 1705, d'après Roche 2005.
  4. ^ a b c d e La Roncière 1932.
  5. ^ Les autres vaisseaux étaient le Glorieux (64 canons), l'Apollon (56), le Fidèle (58) le petit vaisseau le Ludlow (30) et la frégate la Nymphe (26). La Roncière 1932.
  6. ^ Tableau de la flotte française en 1706, d'après Roche 2005.
  7. ^ Le Juste (60 canons), le Phénix (60), le Prince (56), Aigle (34) et la frégate Milfort (30). Il y avait aussi des flûtes, des brigantins, des corsaires. La Roncière 1932.
  8. ^ Vingt-deux bâtiments armés en guerre ou en commerce capturés, 15 millions de perte, dont 7 000 esclaves.La Roncière 1932
  9. ^ Tableau de la flotte française en 1707, d'après Roche 2005.
  10. ^ Villiers, Duteil & Muchembled 1997.
  11. ^ The other vessels were Lys (74; the flagship), Magnanime (74), Mars (56), l'Achille (66), Glorieux (66), Fidèle (58), the frigates of 40 to 44 guns l'Aigle, Chancelier, and l'Argonaute, the frigates of 34 to 44 guns Glorieuse, l'Amazone, and l'Astrée, the galiot of 36 guns Bellone, and three transports.La Roncière 1932.
  12. ^ Tableau de la flotte française en 1712, d'après Roche 2005.
  13. ^ Tableau de la flotte française en 1717, d'après Roche 2005.
  14. ^ Horeau et al. 1999.

Bibliography edit

Recent works edit

  • Vergé-Franceschi, Michel (2002). Dictionnaire d'Histoire maritime. Bouquins (in French). éditions Robert Laffont. p. 1508. ISBN 2-221-08751-8.
  • Boulaire, Alain (2011). La Marine française: De la Royale de Richelieu aux missions d'aujourd'hui (in French). Quimper: éditions Palantines. p. 383. ISBN 978-2-35678-056-0.
  • Monaque, Rémi (2016). Une histoire de la marine de guerre française (in French). Paris: éditions Perrin. p. 526. ISBN 978-2-262-03715-4.
  • Jean Meyer et Martine Acerra, Histoire de la marine française : des origines à nos jours, Rennes, Ouest-France, 1994, 427 p. [détail de l'édition] (ISBN 2-7373-1129-2, notice BnF no FRBNF35734655)
  • Martine Acerra et André Zysberg, L'essor des marines de guerre européennes : vers 1680-1790, Paris, SEDES, coll. « Regards sur l'histoire » (no 119), 1997, 298 p. [détail de l'édition] (ISBN 2-7181-9515-0, notice BnF no FRBNF36697883)
  • Villiers, Patrick; Duteil, Jean-Pierre; Muchembled, Robert (1997). L'Europe, la mer et les colonies: XVIIe-XVIIIe siècle. Carré histoire (in French). Paris: Hachette supérieur. p. 255. ISBN 2-01-145196-5.
  • Villiers, Patrick (2015). La France sur mer: De Louis XIII à Napoléon Ier. Pluriel (in French). Paris: Fayard. p. 286. ISBN 978-2-8185-0437-6.
  • John A. Lynn (2014). Les Guerres de Louis XIV. Tempus. éditions Perrin. p. 561. ISBN 978-2-262-04755-9.
  • Bély, Lucien (2015). Dictionnaire Louis XIV. Bouquins (in French). éditions Robert Laffont. p. 1405. ISBN 978-2-221-12482-6.
  • Siméon, Nicolas (2007). Louis XIV et la mer (in French). Paris: Édition Conti. p. 121. ISBN 978-2-286-03157-2.
  • Chaline, Olivier (2016). La mer et la France: Quand les Bourbons voulaient dominer les océans. Au fil de l'histoire (in French). Paris: Flammarion. p. 560. ISBN 978-2-0813-3327-7.
  • Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours (PDF) (in French). éditions LTP. p. 530.
  • Demerliac, Alain (1992). La Marine de Louis XIV: nomenclature des vaisseaux du Roi-soleil de 1661 à 1715. Nice: Omega. p. 292. ISBN 2-906381-15-2..
  • Horeau, Yves; Godin, Philippe; Chemin, Jean-Claude; Piquemal, Jean (1999). Tintin, Haddock et les Bateaux (in French). Bruxelles: éditions Moulinsart. p. 58. ISBN 2-930284-19-6.

Older works edit

  • Le Moyne d'Iberville, Pierre (May 1706). "Relation de Monsieur d'Iberville, depuis son départ de la Martinique, jusqu'à la prise et capitulation de l'île de Niéves, appartenante aux Anglois". Mercure Galant (in French). Paris: 282–319.
  • Duguay-Trouin, René (1723). Relation de l'expédition de Rio-Janeiro, par une escadre de vaisseaux du Roy que commandoit Mr. Du Guay-Troüin, en 1712 (in French). Paris: Pierre Cot. p. 83.
  • Duguay-Trouin, René (1820). Mémoires de Duguay-Trouin: 1689-1715 (in-4) (in French). Paris: Foucault.
  • Pâris, Edmond (1886). Collection de plans ou Dessins de navires et de bateaux anciens et modernes, existants ou disparus : avec les éléments numériques nécessaires à leur construction (in French). Paris: Gauthier-Villars. p. 128.
  • Troude, Onésime (1867–1868). Batailles navales de la France (in French). Paris: Challamel aîné. p. 453.
  • La Roncière, Charles (1932). Histoire de la Marine française: Le crépuscule du Grand règne, l'apogée de la Guerre de Course (in French). Paris: Plon. p. 674.

External links edit

  • French ship of the line Le Brillant (1690), article du site anglophone Three Decks - Warships in the Age of Sail
  • Vaisseaux de ligne français de 1682 à 1780, liste tenue par Ronald Deschênes sur le site agh.
  • Le Brillant, sur le site du Musée national de la Marine, Paris.
  • Tableau de la flotte française en 1691, en 1696, en 1702, en 1704, en 1706, en 1707, en 1708, en 1709, en 1712, en 1716, en 1717 et en 1719, sur netmarine.net, d'après Jean-Michel Roche, Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours, t. 1, de 1671 à 1870.

November 11, 2023
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For other ships with the same name see French ship Brillant Brillant was a 64 gun ship of the line of the French Navy She was first classified as a Second rank ship and later reclassified as a Third rank She was built between 1689 and 1690 at Le Havre under supervision by engineer Etienne Salicon She served until 1719 and took part in the Nine Years War 1688 1697 and the War of Spanish Succession 1702 1714 Contents 1 Career 1 1 Nine Years War 1 2 War of Spanish Succession 1702 1714 1 2 1 Raid on Rio de Janeiro 1711 2 Legacy 3 Notes and references 3 1 Bibliography 3 1 1 Recent works 3 1 2 Older works 3 2 External linksCareer editNine Years War edit Brillant entered service one year into the war with England and Holland and started taking part in operations under Captain de Beaujeu She was part of the squadron under Tourville that departed Brest on 23 June 1690 leading to the Batte of Beachy Head on 10 July Brillant held the 29th position in the French line of battle In 1692 De Combes took command of Brillant and she took part in Tourville s operation to cover an invasion of England from 12 May 1 On 29 May she took part in the Battle of Barfleur 14th in the French line of battle In the night following of the battle she managed to escape and thus avoid the Battle of La Hougue In 1693 she took part in the Battle of Lagos off Portugal 2 War of Spanish Succession 1702 1714 edit Betweet Les rapports le disent stationnant alternativement a Rochefort et a Brest entre 1702 et 1705 3 In August 1705 she was attached to an 11 ship squadron under Iberville for an expedition against New England New York and Newfoundland 4 The force left in two separate divisions that were to join up in the Caribbean Brillant under Francois Joseph comte de Choiseul Beaupre was part of the first division under comte de Chavagnac with five ships and one frigate bound for Martinique 5 The armament of Brillant was improved to 64 guns twenty six 24 pounder long guns twenty six 12 pounders and twelve 6 pounders 6 In February 1706 Choiseul attacked Saint Kitts without waiting to join with Chavagnac He managed to raid and loot the island but not to destroy its forts He then returned to Martinique where he found Iberville who had arrived on 7 March with the second division which comprised four ships of the line and one frigate 7 Iberville decided to mount an attack against Nevis Brillant took position in front of one of the forts and bombarded it as a diversion while Iberville conducted a nighttime landing on the rear of the British defences defeating them on 4 April 8 Iberville s intentions were to attack Virginia next but his death at Havana on 9 July 1706 ended the campaign 4 Brillant returned to France with the rest of the squadron In 1707 she was reclassified as a Third rate vaisseau troisieme de rang and refitted 9 She returned to service in 1708 in the midst of a financial crisis that made it difficult to maintain the fleet 10 Duguay Trouin s brother visiting Brest in 1707 remarked that only four ships were seaworthy Brillant was among them but stayed in port 4 Raid on Rio de Janeiro 1711 edit In 1711 Brillant was reactivated for a raid on Rio de Janeiro under Duguay Trouin with seven ships of the line six frigates a bombship and three transports 11 She was under Chevalier de Goyon Beaufort 4 She had two extra 6 pounders 12 and 522 men The squadron departed in early June slipped past British cruisers and arrived at Rio on 12 September The French attacked immediately with Brillant second in the line of battle On 13 September Goyon Beaufort was put in charge of the landing at Goat Island 4 Along with Mars she bombarded and destroyed the main fort of the city Duguay Trouin then gave Goyon Beaufort command of one of the landing parties After the Battle of Rio de Janeiro ended in Portuguese surrender and payment of a tribute Brillant returned to France during November She avoided the storm on 19 January 1712 that sank two of the ships of the squadron Magnanime and Fidele along with their loot off the Azores La Ronciere 1932 lt ref gt With the return of peace Brillant was put in the ordinary In 1717 she was due for a refit in Brest 13 She was struck in 1719 Legacy editBrillant was the inspiration for Herge s Unicorn French Licorne in the albums The Secret of the Unicorn and Red Rackham s Treasure a ship of the French navy captained by an ancestor of Captain Haddock 14 A model of Brillant is on display at the Musee national de la Marine in Paris It was made around 1836 by modelist Jean Baptiste Tanneron based on documents contemporary with the ship The model is at the 1 40th scale making it 48 cm high 35 cm wide and 140 cm long It is unrigged and without artillery most of the effort having been devoted to the sculptures that reproduce Jean Berain s drawings The poop deck bears the motto Honneur et Patrie which has been part of the motto of the French Navy since the 19th century but is anachronistic for the Louis XIV era where sailors would simply shout out Vive le Roi Long live the King The model was put on display for the temporary exhibit Tintin Haddock et les bateaux in 1999 Notes and references edit Troude 1867 1868 Voir aussi le Brillant sur le site du Musee national de la Marine La Ronciere 1932 Voir aussi le Brillant sur le site du Musee national de la Marine Tableau de la flotte francaise en 1702 et en 1705 d apres Roche 2005 a b c d e La Ronciere 1932 Les autres vaisseaux etaient le Glorieux 64 canons l Apollon 56 le Fidele 58 le petit vaisseau le Ludlow 30 et la fregate la Nymphe 26 La Ronciere 1932 Tableau de la flotte francaise en 1706 d apres Roche 2005 Le Juste 60 canons le Phenix 60 le Prince 56 Aigle 34 et la fregate Milfort 30 Il y avait aussi des flutes des brigantins des corsaires La Ronciere 1932 Vingt deux batiments armes en guerre ou en commerce captures 15 millions de perte dont 7 000 esclaves La Ronciere 1932 Tableau de la flotte francaise en 1707 d apres Roche 2005 Villiers Duteil amp Muchembled 1997 The other vessels were Lys 74 the flagship Magnanime 74 Mars 56 l Achille 66 Glorieux 66 Fidele 58 the frigates of 40 to 44 guns l Aigle Chancelier and l Argonaute the frigates of 34 to 44 guns Glorieuse l Amazone and l Astree the galiot of 36 guns Bellone and three transports La Ronciere 1932 Tableau de la flotte francaise en 1712 d apres Roche 2005 Tableau de la flotte francaise en 1717 d apres Roche 2005 Horeau et al 1999 Bibliography edit Recent works edit Verge Franceschi Michel 2002 Dictionnaire d Histoire maritime Bouquins in French editions Robert Laffont p 1508 ISBN 2 221 08751 8 Boulaire Alain 2011 La Marine francaise De la Royale de Richelieu aux missions d aujourd hui in French Quimper editions Palantines p 383 ISBN 978 2 35678 056 0 Monaque Remi 2016 Une histoire de la marine de guerre francaise in French Paris editions Perrin p 526 ISBN 978 2 262 03715 4 Jean Meyer et Martine Acerra Histoire de la marine francaise des origines a nos jours Rennes Ouest France 1994 427 p detail de l edition ISBN 2 7373 1129 2 notice BnF no FRBNF35734655 Martine Acerra et Andre Zysberg L essor des marines de guerre europeennes vers 1680 1790 Paris SEDES coll Regards sur l histoire no 119 1997 298 p detail de l edition ISBN 2 7181 9515 0 notice BnF no FRBNF36697883 Villiers Patrick Duteil Jean Pierre Muchembled Robert 1997 L Europe la mer et les colonies XVIIe XVIIIe siecle Carre histoire in French Paris Hachette superieur p 255 ISBN 2 01 145196 5 Villiers Patrick 2015 La France sur mer De Louis XIII a Napoleon Ier Pluriel in French Paris Fayard p 286 ISBN 978 2 8185 0437 6 John A Lynn 2014 Les Guerres de Louis XIV Tempus editions Perrin p 561 ISBN 978 2 262 04755 9 Bely Lucien 2015 Dictionnaire Louis XIV Bouquins in French editions Robert Laffont p 1405 ISBN 978 2 221 12482 6 Simeon Nicolas 2007 Louis XIV et la mer in French Paris Edition Conti p 121 ISBN 978 2 286 03157 2 Chaline Olivier 2016 La mer et la France Quand les Bourbons voulaient dominer les oceans Au fil de l histoire in French Paris Flammarion p 560 ISBN 978 2 0813 3327 7 Roche Jean Michel 2005 Dictionnaire des batiments de la flotte de guerre francaise de Colbert a nos jours PDF in French editions LTP p 530 Demerliac Alain 1992 La Marine de Louis XIV nomenclature des vaisseaux du Roi soleil de 1661 a 1715 Nice Omega p 292 ISBN 2 906381 15 2 Horeau Yves Godin Philippe Chemin Jean Claude Piquemal Jean 1999 Tintin Haddock et les Bateaux in French Bruxelles editions Moulinsart p 58 ISBN 2 930284 19 6 Older works edit Le Moyne d Iberville Pierre May 1706 Relation de Monsieur d Iberville depuis son depart de la Martinique jusqu a la prise et capitulation de l ile de Nieves appartenante aux Anglois Mercure Galant in French Paris 282 319 Duguay Trouin Rene 1723 Relation de l expedition de Rio Janeiro par une escadre de vaisseaux du Roy que commandoit Mr Du Guay Trouin en 1712 in French Paris Pierre Cot p 83 Duguay Trouin Rene 1820 Memoires de Duguay Trouin 1689 1715 in 4 in French Paris Foucault Paris Edmond 1886 Collection de plans ou Dessins de navires et de bateaux anciens et modernes existants ou disparus avec les elements numeriques necessaires a leur construction in French Paris Gauthier Villars p 128 Troude Onesime 1867 1868 Batailles navales de la France in French Paris Challamel aine p 453 La Ronciere Charles 1932 Histoire de la Marine francaise Le crepuscule du Grand regne l apogee de la Guerre de Course in French Paris Plon p 674 External links edit French ship of the line Le Brillant 1690 article du site anglophone Three Decks Warships in the Age of Sail Vaisseaux de ligne francais de 1682 a 1780 liste tenue par Ronald Deschenes sur le site agh Le Brillant sur le site du Musee national de la Marine Paris Tableau de la flotte francaise en 1691 en 1696 en 1702 en 1704 en 1706 en 1707 en 1708 en 1709 en 1712 en 1716 en 1717 et en 1719 sur netmarine net d apres Jean Michel Roche Dictionnaire des batiments de la flotte de guerre francaise de Colbert a nos jours t 1 de 1671 a 1870 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title French ship Brillant 1690 amp oldid 1132905593, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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