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French cruiser Georges Leygues

February 04, 2023

For other ships with the same name, see French ship Georges Leygues.

Georges Leygues was a French light cruiser of the La Galissonnière class. During World War II, she served with both Vichy France and Allies. She was named for the prominent 19th and 20th-century French politician Georges Leygues.

History
France
NameGeorges Leygues
NamesakeGeorges Leygues
BuilderAt.& Ch de St. Nazaire-Penhoet (St. Nazaire, France)
Laid down21 September 1933
Launched24 March 1936
Commissioned15 November 1937
Decommissioned1 May 1957
Nickname(s)(in English) "George's Legs"
FateSold for scrap in November 1959
General characteristics
Class and type La Galissonnière-class cruiser
Displacement
  • 7,600 tons (standard)
  • 9120 tons (full load)
Length179 m (587 ft)
Beam17.5 m (57 ft)
Draught5.35 m (17.6 ft)
Propulsion
  • 2-shaft Parsons single reduction geared turbines
  • 4 Indret boilers
  • 84,000 shp (63,000 kW)
Speed31 knots (57 km/h)
Range
  • 7,000 nautical miles (13,000 km) at 12 knots (22 km/h)
  • 6,800 nautical miles (12,600 km) at 14 knots (26 km/h)
  • 5,500 nautical miles (10,200 km) at 18 knots (33 km/h)
  • 1,650 nautical miles (3,060 km) at 34 knots (63 km/h)
Complement540
Armament
Armour
Aircraft carriedup to 4 GL-832, later 2 Loire 130 flying boats
Aviation facilities1 catapult

Design and description

The La Galissonnière class was designed as an enlarged and improved version of the preceding Emile Bertin. The ships had an overall length of 179.5 meters (588 ft 11 in), a beam of 17.48 meters (57 ft 4 in), and a draft of 5.28 meters (17 ft 4 in). They displaced 7,722 metric tons (7,600 long tons) at standard load and 9,460 t (9,310 long tons) at deep load. Their crew consisted of 557 men in peacetime and 612 in wartime.[2]

At the start of World War II, she was assigned to the Force de Raid, patrolling the Atlantic in response to German commerce raids. The only incident, however, was when the French submarine Casabianca was shelled in error. To pre-empt the potential Italian threat, Georges Leygues and other French warships were moved to Mers-el-Kebir (now Oran) on 24 April 1940.

The 3rd and 4th Cruiser Divisions, including Georges Leygues avoided the destruction of the French Fleet at Mers-el-Kebir and eventually put into Toulon. On 9 September 1940, she left Toulon with her sister ships Gloire and Montcalm, and passed Gibraltar without being challenged (for which the local British commander, Admiral North, was relieved of his command). The flotilla refuelled at Casablanca and continued to Dakar, arriving on 14 September.

The three cruisers left Dakar on 18 September, intending to go south to Libreville, but they were intercepted by Allied forces, including the heavy cruiser HMAS Australia. Montcalm and Georges Leygues outran the Allied ships and returned to Dakar, where they helped to defend the port against the unsuccessful British and Free French attack (Operation Menace) on 23–25 September 1940. Georges Leygues hit Australia twice and avoided Fleet Air Arm torpedo attacks. Gloire, slowed by mechanical troubles and, unable to escape, had been ordered back to Casablanca.

Apart from a transport of bullion to Casablanca in August 1941, the next two years were uneventful until the Allied landings in North Africa (Operation Torch) and the German occupation of Vichy France, when she joined the Allies, as did other French warships. Early in 1943, she began Atlantic patrols from Dakar, and on 13 April, she intercepted the German blockade runner Portland, which was scuttled by her crew.

Georges Leygues was refitted at Philadelphia Naval Shipyard, from July until October 1943, removing the aircraft installations and adding light anti-aircraft weapons.

Georges Leygues' returned to Dakar based anti-blockade-runner patrols. She then supported Allied landings in Normandy at Omaha Beach in June 1944 and southern France in August. A French naval tradition says that beyond five months of campaigning, the war flag of a ship gets longer by one metre for each month spent off France; the war flag of Georges Leygues is said to have been 60 metres (200 ft) when she entered Toulon on 13 September 1944.

She then bombarded the Italian Riviera coastline around Genoa until March 1945. This was her last action of the war.

She had a major refit at Casablanca from May to the end of January 1946. In 1954, along with Montcalm, she was used for fire support in Indochina. In 1956, she took part in the Suez Crisis, during which she led a group of French warships providing fire support for Israeli ground forces in the Gaza Strip.

The ship was nicknamed "George's Legs" by the British.[citation needed]

Citations

  1. ^ a b c Whitley p. 43-45
  2. ^ Jordan & Moulin, p. 124

Bibliography

  • Jordan, John & Moulin, Jean (2013). French Cruisers 1922–1956. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-133-5.
  • Whitley, M. J. (1995). Cruisers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia. London: Cassell. ISBN 1-86019-874-0.

External links

  • (in French) netmarine.net
  • (in French) La flotte française le Jour J
  • (in French) Croiseur Georges Leygues 2022-05-18 at the Wayback Machine

February 04, 2023
french, cruiser, georges, leygues, other, ships, with, same, name, french, ship, georges, leygues, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, chall. For other ships with the same name see French ship Georges Leygues This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources French cruiser Georges Leygues news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Georges Leygues was a French light cruiser of the La Galissonniere class During World War II she served with both Vichy France and Allies She was named for the prominent 19th and 20th century French politician Georges Leygues HistoryFranceNameGeorges LeyguesNamesakeGeorges LeyguesBuilderAt amp Ch de St Nazaire Penhoet St Nazaire France Laid down21 September 1933Launched24 March 1936Commissioned15 November 1937Decommissioned1 May 1957Nickname s in English George s Legs FateSold for scrap in November 1959General characteristicsClass and typeLa Galissonniere class cruiserDisplacement7 600 tons standard 9120 tons full load Length179 m 587 ft Beam17 5 m 57 ft Draught5 35 m 17 6 ft Propulsion2 shaft Parsons single reduction geared turbines 4 Indret boilers 84 000 shp 63 000 kW Speed31 knots 57 km h Range7 000 nautical miles 13 000 km at 12 knots 22 km h 6 800 nautical miles 12 600 km at 14 knots 26 km h 5 500 nautical miles 10 200 km at 18 knots 33 km h 1 650 nautical miles 3 060 km at 34 knots 63 km h Complement540ArmamentInitial 1 9 155 mm 6 1 in 55 guns 3 3 8 90 mm 3 5 inch AA 4 2 8 37 mm 1 5 in light AA 4 2 12 13 2 mm 0 52 in light AA 4 3 4 550mm 21 7 inch torpedo tubes 2 2 Vichy refit 1941 1 9 155 mm 6 1 in 55 guns 3 3 8 90 mm 3 5 inch AA 4 2 9 37 mm 1 5 in light AA 4 2 1 1 2 25 mm 0 98 in light AA 1 2 16 13 2 mm 0 52 in light AA 4 3 2 2 4 550mm 21 7 inch torpedo tubes 2 2 Allies refit 1943 1 9 155 mm 6 1 in 55 guns 3 3 8 90 mm 3 5 inch AA 4 2 24 40 mm 1 6 in AA 4 6 16 20 mm 0 79 in light AA 1 16 4 550mm 21 7 inch torpedo tubes 2 2 ArmourMain belt 105 mm End bulkheads 30 mm Sides 120 mm Deck 38 mm Turrets 100 mm Tower 95 mmAircraft carriedup to 4 GL 832 later 2 Loire 130 flying boatsAviation facilities1 catapult Contents 1 Design and description 2 Citations 3 Bibliography 4 External linksDesign and description EditThe La Galissonniere class was designed as an enlarged and improved version of the preceding Emile Bertin The ships had an overall length of 179 5 meters 588 ft 11 in a beam of 17 48 meters 57 ft 4 in and a draft of 5 28 meters 17 ft 4 in They displaced 7 722 metric tons 7 600 long tons at standard load and 9 460 t 9 310 long tons at deep load Their crew consisted of 557 men in peacetime and 612 in wartime 2 At the start of World War II she was assigned to the Force de Raid patrolling the Atlantic in response to German commerce raids The only incident however was when the French submarine Casabianca was shelled in error To pre empt the potential Italian threat Georges Leygues and other French warships were moved to Mers el Kebir now Oran on 24 April 1940 The 3rd and 4th Cruiser Divisions including Georges Leygues avoided the destruction of the French Fleet at Mers el Kebir and eventually put into Toulon On 9 September 1940 she left Toulon with her sister ships Gloire and Montcalm and passed Gibraltar without being challenged for which the local British commander Admiral North was relieved of his command The flotilla refuelled at Casablanca and continued to Dakar arriving on 14 September The three cruisers left Dakar on 18 September intending to go south to Libreville but they were intercepted by Allied forces including the heavy cruiser HMAS Australia Montcalm and Georges Leygues outran the Allied ships and returned to Dakar where they helped to defend the port against the unsuccessful British and Free French attack Operation Menace on 23 25 September 1940 Georges Leygues hit Australia twice and avoided Fleet Air Arm torpedo attacks Gloire slowed by mechanical troubles and unable to escape had been ordered back to Casablanca Apart from a transport of bullion to Casablanca in August 1941 the next two years were uneventful until the Allied landings in North Africa Operation Torch and the German occupation of Vichy France when she joined the Allies as did other French warships Early in 1943 she began Atlantic patrols from Dakar and on 13 April she intercepted the German blockade runner Portland which was scuttled by her crew Georges Leygues was refitted at Philadelphia Naval Shipyard from July until October 1943 removing the aircraft installations and adding light anti aircraft weapons Georges Leygues returned to Dakar based anti blockade runner patrols She then supported Allied landings in Normandy at Omaha Beach in June 1944 and southern France in August A French naval tradition says that beyond five months of campaigning the war flag of a ship gets longer by one metre for each month spent off France the war flag of Georges Leygues is said to have been 60 metres 200 ft when she entered Toulon on 13 September 1944 She then bombarded the Italian Riviera coastline around Genoa until March 1945 This was her last action of the war She had a major refit at Casablanca from May to the end of January 1946 In 1954 along with Montcalm she was used for fire support in Indochina In 1956 she took part in the Suez Crisis during which she led a group of French warships providing fire support for Israeli ground forces in the Gaza Strip The ship was nicknamed George s Legs by the British citation needed Citations Edit a b c Whitley p 43 45 Jordan amp Moulin p 124Bibliography EditJordan John amp Moulin Jean 2013 French Cruisers 1922 1956 Barnsley UK Seaforth Publishing ISBN 978 1 84832 133 5 Whitley M J 1995 Cruisers of World War Two An International Encyclopedia London Cassell ISBN 1 86019 874 0 External links Edit in French netmarine net in French La flotte francaise le Jour J in French Croiseur Georges Leygues Archived 2022 05 18 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title French cruiser Georges Leygues amp oldid 1128379280, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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