Frashër (Albanian: [ˈfɾaʃəɾ]; definiteAlbanianform: Frashëri; Aromanian: Farshar) is a village and a former municipality in the Gjirokastër County, southern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Përmet.[1] The population at the 2011 census was 387.[2] The municipal unit consists of the villages Frashër, Zavalan, Ogren-Kostrec, Gostivisht, Miçan, Vërçisht, Kreshovë and Soropull.
Frashër is widely regarded as the 'Mecca' of Albania and is known for the disproportionate number of prominent intellectuals it has produced - especially in the 19th and early 20th centuries. [3]
The name of the settlement means "ash-tree" in Albanian. The word frashër (Gheg Albanian: frashën) derives from the Proto-Albanian rendering of Latinfraxinus. The settlement represents an inhabited centre that was founded after the Roman period of the Albanian language.[4] It is said that the Frashër area has been covered with ash forests, which disappeared over time.[5] The Aromanian name of the settlement is Farshar.
History
The first documented attestation of Frashëri probably comes in the form of an Albanian merchant from Frashër who had traveled to Thessaloniki in 1330.[6]
The Frashër area in the Middle Ages was the source of several waves of migrations of Aromanians throughout the southern and central Balkans.[7] The Aromanian dialect of the area of Frashër is known as fãrsherot,[8] and today constitutes one of the main subgroups of Aromanians, divided strictly along linguistic (dialectal) differences.[9]
In 1432 the village was documented as Fracili in the Ottoman defter of the sanjak of Korçë-Përmet. The defter documented six households in Frashër at the time. The next defter to document Frashër is that of 1504. The village had 41 households, 40 of whom were Christian. The heads of households from which the major vëllazëri (brotherhoods) of Frashër would form in the 17th century include Dedë Duka, Dukë Kryeziu, Uk Deda, Gjon Deda, Martin Bardhi, Deskë Gjini, Dedë Gjini, Kozma Shurbi, Kolë Shurbi, Bendo Shurbi, Gjon Gjoni, Llazër Gjoni and others.[5]
Ottoman Albanian spahis and landowners from nineteenth century Frashër owned estate properties (chiftlik) in parts of the Balkans and in particular the Thessalian plain, until its loss to Greece in 1881 leading to local economic decline and increasing reliance on agriculture.[11] In 1914 the Tekke of Frashër, a 133 year-old Bektashi shrine and a center of Albanian Nationalism in the area, was destroyed by the Greek rebels of Georgios Christakis-Zografos,[12][13] but was reconstructed with the contribution of Albanian-Americans in 1923.[12]
^Frashëri, Kristo (2010). Frashëri, shkëlqimi dhe rrënimi i tij: vështrim i shkurtër. p. 14. ISBN9789995688097.
^Ioan Caragiani (1929). Studii istorice asupra românilor din Peninsula Balcanică. Litera Internaţional. ISBN978-973-85856-3-8.
^Mioara Avram; Marius Sala (15 December 2013). Les presentamos la lengua rumana. Universidad de Alicante. pp. 16–. ISBN978-84-9717-276-9.
^Stoica, Daniela-Carmen (2018). "Language rights and linguistic minorities in Central and Western Balkans". Vigo, Spain: 13th Congress of Linguistics: 862–870. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^Pollo, Stefanaq (1983). Historia e Shqipërisë: Vitet 30 të shek. XIX-1912. Akademia e Shkencave e RPS të Shqipërisë, Instituti i Historisë. p. 249.
^Clayer, Nathalie (2007). Aux origines du nationalisme albanais: La naissance d'une nation majoritairement musulmane en Europe [The origins of Albanian nationalism: The birth of a predominantly Muslim nation in Europe]. Paris: Karthala. p. 110. ISBN9782845868168.
^ abTeqeja e Frashërit - Vatër e zjarrtë (in Albanian), World Bektashi Headquarters 2015-12-08 at the Wayback Machine
^Robert Elsie (2010), Historical Dictionary of Albania, Historical Dictionaries of Europe (2 ed.), Screcrow Press, p. 40, ISBN9780810861886, ...and in particular by burning and looting of the Albanian tekkes by Greek extremists during the Balkan War and World War I
frashër, albanian, ˈfɾaʃəɾ, definite, albanian, form, aromanian, farshar, village, former, municipality, gjirokastër, county, southern, albania, 2015, local, government, reform, became, subdivision, municipality, përmet, population, 2011, census, municipal, un. Frasher Albanian ˈfɾaʃeɾ definite Albanian form Frasheri Aromanian Farshar is a village and a former municipality in the Gjirokaster County southern Albania At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Permet 1 The population at the 2011 census was 387 2 The municipal unit consists of the villages Frasher Zavalan Ogren Kostrec Gostivisht Mican Vercisht Kreshove and Soropull FrasherMunicipal unitMuseum of brothers FrasheriFrasherCoordinates 40 22 N 20 26 E 40 367 N 20 433 E 40 367 20 433 Coordinates 40 22 N 20 26 E 40 367 N 20 433 E 40 367 20 433Country AlbaniaCountyGjirokasterMunicipalityPermetPopulation 2011 Municipal unit387Time zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST Frasher is widely regarded as the Mecca of Albania and is known for the disproportionate number of prominent intellectuals it has produced especially in the 19th and early 20th centuries 3 Contents 1 Name 2 History 3 Notable people 4 References 5 BibliographyName EditThe name of the settlement means ash tree in Albanian The word frasher Gheg Albanian frashen derives from the Proto Albanian rendering of Latin fraxinus The settlement represents an inhabited centre that was founded after the Roman period of the Albanian language 4 It is said that the Frasher area has been covered with ash forests which disappeared over time 5 The Aromanian name of the settlement is Farshar History EditThe first documented attestation of Frasheri probably comes in the form of an Albanian merchant from Frasher who had traveled to Thessaloniki in 1330 6 The Frasher area in the Middle Ages was the source of several waves of migrations of Aromanians throughout the southern and central Balkans 7 The Aromanian dialect of the area of Frasher is known as farsherot 8 and today constitutes one of the main subgroups of Aromanians divided strictly along linguistic dialectal differences 9 In 1432 the village was documented as Fracili in the Ottoman defter of the sanjak of Korce Permet The defter documented six households in Frasher at the time The next defter to document Frasher is that of 1504 The village had 41 households 40 of whom were Christian The heads of households from which the major vellazeri brotherhoods of Frasher would form in the 17th century include Dede Duka Duke Kryeziu Uk Deda Gjon Deda Martin Bardhi Deske Gjini Dede Gjini Kozma Shurbi Kole Shurbi Bendo Shurbi Gjon Gjoni Llazer Gjoni and others 5 In June 1880 the Second Assembly of Frasher was organised by the League of Prizren 10 Ottoman Albanian spahis and landowners from nineteenth century Frasher owned estate properties chiftlik in parts of the Balkans and in particular the Thessalian plain until its loss to Greece in 1881 leading to local economic decline and increasing reliance on agriculture 11 In 1914 the Tekke of Frasher a 133 year old Bektashi shrine and a center of Albanian Nationalism in the area was destroyed by the Greek rebels of Georgios Christakis Zografos 12 13 but was reconstructed with the contribution of Albanian Americans in 1923 12 Notable people EditSee also Families of Frasher Dalip Frasheri 19th century poet Shahin Frasheri 19th century poet Abdyl Frasheri Albanian politician and national hero Naim Frasheri Albanian national poet and national hero Sami Frasheri Albanian writer and national hero Mid hat Frasheri Albanian politician diplomat and intellectual Mihal Zallari Chairman of the assembly of Albania historian and journalist Fehim Zavalani Albanian journalist Mehdi Frasheri Prime Minister of AlbaniaReferences Edit Law nr 115 2014 PDF in Albanian p 6371 Retrieved 25 February 2022 2011 census results PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2016 03 04 Retrieved 2015 01 31 Greece Albania Neighbourhood Programme Archived March 27 2012 at the Wayback Machine Demiraj 2006 pp 164 165 a b Frasheri amp Frasheri 2014 p 35 Frasheri Kristo 2010 Frasheri shkelqimi dhe rrenimi i tij veshtrim i shkurter p 14 ISBN 9789995688097 Ioan Caragiani 1929 Studii istorice asupra romanilor din Peninsula Balcanică Litera Internaţional ISBN 978 973 85856 3 8 Mioara Avram Marius Sala 15 December 2013 Les presentamos la lengua rumana Universidad de Alicante pp 16 ISBN 978 84 9717 276 9 Stoica Daniela Carmen 2018 Language rights and linguistic minorities in Central and Western Balkans Vigo Spain 13th Congress of Linguistics 862 870 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Pollo Stefanaq 1983 Historia e Shqiperise Vitet 30 te shek XIX 1912 Akademia e Shkencave e RPS te Shqiperise Instituti i Historise p 249 Clayer Nathalie 2007 Aux origines du nationalisme albanais La naissance d une nation majoritairement musulmane en Europe The origins of Albanian nationalism The birth of a predominantly Muslim nation in Europe Paris Karthala p 110 ISBN 9782845868168 a b Teqeja e Frasherit Vater e zjarrte in Albanian World Bektashi Headquarters Archived 2015 12 08 at the Wayback Machine Robert Elsie 2010 Historical Dictionary of Albania Historical Dictionaries of Europe 2 ed Screcrow Press p 40 ISBN 9780810861886 and in particular by burning and looting of the Albanian tekkes by Greek extremists during the Balkan War and World War IBibliography EditDemiraj Shaban 2006 The origin of the Albanians linguistically investigated Academy of Sciences of Albania ISBN 9789994381715 Archived from the original on 20 November 2020 Frasheri Alfred Frasheri Neki 2014 Frasheri ne historine e Shqiperise Dudaj ISBN 978 99943 0 051 8 This article about a specific location in Gjirokaster County Albania is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Frasher amp oldid 1073921017, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
