Born in Delaware, Ohio, Rowland received a majority of his education in public schools and, due to accelerated promotion was able to graduate high school several weeks before his 16th birthday.[7] In the summers during his high school career, Frank was entrusted to run the local weather service station. This was Rowland's first exposure to systematic experimentation and data collection. After entering Ohio Wesleyan University, Rowland was about to graduate shortly before his 18th birthday. Instead, he was enlisted to the Navy to train radar operators. Rowland was discharged after 14 months as a non commissioned officer. After entering the University of Chicago, Rowland was assigned Willard F. Libby as a mentor and began to study radiochemistry. Rowland's thesis was about the chemical state of cyclotron-produced radioactive bromine atoms. Rowland received his B.A. from Ohio Wesleyan University in 1948. He then earned his M.S. in 1951 and his Ph.D. in 1952, both from the University of Chicago.[8]
Career and research
Rowland held academic posts at Princeton University (1952–56) and at the University of Kansas (1956–64) before becoming a professor of chemistry at the University of California, Irvine, in 1964. At Irvine in the early 1970s he began working with Mario J. Molina. Rowland was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1978[9] and served as a president of American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in 1993. His best-known work was the discovery that chlorofluorocarbons contribute to ozone depletion. Rowland theorized that man made organic compound gases combine with solar radiation and decompose in the stratosphere, releasing atoms of chlorine and chlorine monoxide that are individually able to destroy large numbers of ozone molecules. It was obvious that Frank had a good idea of what was occurring at higher altitudes when he stated "...I knew that such a molecule could not remain inert in the atmosphere forever, if only because solar photochemistry at high altitudes would break it down".[7] Rowland's research, first published in Nature magazine in 1974, initiated a scientific investigation of the problem. In 1978, a first ban on CFC-based aerosols in spray cans was issued in the United States. The actual production did however not stop and was soon on the old levels. It took till the 1980s to allow for a global regulation policy.
Rowland performed many measurements of the atmosphere. One experiment included collecting air samples at various cities and locations around the globe to determine CCl3F North-South mixing. By measuring the concentrations at different latitudes, Rowland was able to see that CCl3F was mixing between hemispheres quite rapidly. The same measurement was repeated 8 years later and the results showed a steady increase in CCl3F concentrations. Rowland's work also showed how the density of the ozone layer varied by season increasing in November and decreasing until April where it levels out for the summer only to increase in November. Data gained throughout successive years showed that although the pattern was consistent, the overall ozone levels were dropping. Rowland and his colleagues interacted both with the public and the political side and suggested various solutions, which allowed to step wise reduce the CFC impact. CFC emissions were regulated first within Canada, the United States, Sweden and Norway. In the 1980s, the Vienna Agreement and the Montreal Protocol allowed for global regulation.[7]
Awards and honors
Rowland Hall at the University of California, Irvine is named after Rowland.
Frank Rowland was the father of art historian Ingrid Rowland, and Jeff Rowland. He had two granddaughters. After suffering from a short bout of ill health, Rowland died on March 10, 2012, of complications from Parkinson's disease.[18] Upon hearing the news, renowned chemist and good friend Mario J. Molina stated: "Sherry was a prime influence throughout my career and had inspired me and many others to walk in the shadow of his greatness".[8]
References
^ ab. London: Royal Society. Archived from the original on March 16, 2015.
^ ab. Royal Society. Archived from the original on October 15, 2015.
^Roan, Shari (March 12, 2012). "F. Sherwood Rowland dies at 84; UC Irvine professor won Nobel Prize". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved September 14, 2016.
^Prather, M. J.; Blake, D. R. (2012). "F. Sherwood Rowland (1927–2012)". Nature. 484 (7393): 168. Bibcode:2012Natur.484..168P. doi:10.1038/484168a. PMID 22498618.
^Molina, M. J.; Rowland, F. S. (1974). "Stratospheric sink for chlorofluoromethanes: Chlorine atom-catalysed destruction of ozone". Nature. 249 (5460): 810. Bibcode:1974Natur.249..810M. doi:10.1038/249810a0. S2CID 32914300.
^ abcNobel Lectures in Chemistry (1991–1995). Singapore: World Scientific Publishing. 1997. p. 296. ISBN981-02-2679-9.
^Meier, James; Canalis, John (October 9, 1998). "University Dedicates Building to Nobelist". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved September 14, 2016.
^Harris, Neil R. P. (2020). "Frank Sherwood 'Sherry' Rowland. 28 June 1927—10 March 2012". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 68: 371–383. doi:10.1098/rsbm.2019.0032.
F. Sherwood Rowland Papers. Special Collections and Archives, The UC Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California.
B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, D. R. Blake and A. R. "Ravi" Ravishankara, "F. Sherwood Rowland", Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences (2022)
Other
CFCs, Ozone Depletion and Global Warming Freeview video interview with F.Sherwood Rowland provided by the Vega Science Trust.
F. Sherwood Rowland on Nobelprize.org including the Nobel Lecture on December 8, 1995
UCI Nobel winner F. Sherwood 'Sherry' Rowland dies at 84 Orange County
Ozone layer scientist who 'saved the world' dies Guardian
Obituary in The Independent by Marcus Williamson
Andersen, Stephen O.; Conzalez, Marco (2012). "Frank Sherwood Rowland". Physics Today. 65 (10): 70. doi:10.1063/PT.3.1759.
sherwood, rowland, australian, cricketer, frank, rowland, cricketer, frank, sherwood, sherry, rowland, june, 1927, march, 2012, american, nobel, laureate, professor, chemistry, university, california, irvine, research, atmospheric, chemistry, chemical, kinetic. For the Australian cricketer see Frank Rowland cricketer Frank Sherwood Sherry 4 Rowland June 28 1927 March 10 2012 was an American Nobel laureate and a professor of chemistry at the University of California Irvine His research was on atmospheric chemistry and chemical kinetics His best known work was the discovery that chlorofluorocarbons contribute to ozone depletion 5 6 Frank Sherwood RowlandRowland at the inaugural World Science Summit May 2008Born 1927 06 28 June 28 1927Delaware OhioDiedMarch 10 2012 2012 03 10 aged 84 Newport Beach CaliforniaNationalityAmericanAlma materOhio Wesleyan University BA University of Chicago PhD Known forOzone depletion researchAwardsForMemRS 2004 1 2 Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 Roger Revelle Medal 1994 Albert Einstein World Award of Science 1994 Peter Debye Award 1993 Japan Prize 1989 3 Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement 1983 Tolman Award 1976 Scientific careerFieldsChemistryInstitutionsUniversity of California IrvineThesisThe epithermal reactions of recoil atoms 1952 Doctoral advisorWillard Libby Contents 1 Education and early life 2 Career and research 3 Awards and honors 4 Personal life 5 References 6 External links 6 1 Bibliography 6 2 Archival collections 6 3 OtherEducation and early life EditBorn in Delaware Ohio Rowland received a majority of his education in public schools and due to accelerated promotion was able to graduate high school several weeks before his 16th birthday 7 In the summers during his high school career Frank was entrusted to run the local weather service station This was Rowland s first exposure to systematic experimentation and data collection After entering Ohio Wesleyan University Rowland was about to graduate shortly before his 18th birthday Instead he was enlisted to the Navy to train radar operators Rowland was discharged after 14 months as a non commissioned officer After entering the University of Chicago Rowland was assigned Willard F Libby as a mentor and began to study radiochemistry Rowland s thesis was about the chemical state of cyclotron produced radioactive bromine atoms Rowland received his B A from Ohio Wesleyan University in 1948 He then earned his M S in 1951 and his Ph D in 1952 both from the University of Chicago 8 Career and research EditRowland held academic posts at Princeton University 1952 56 and at the University of Kansas 1956 64 before becoming a professor of chemistry at the University of California Irvine in 1964 At Irvine in the early 1970s he began working with Mario J Molina Rowland was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1978 9 and served as a president of American Association for the Advancement of Science AAAS in 1993 His best known work was the discovery that chlorofluorocarbons contribute to ozone depletion Rowland theorized that man made organic compound gases combine with solar radiation and decompose in the stratosphere releasing atoms of chlorine and chlorine monoxide that are individually able to destroy large numbers of ozone molecules It was obvious that Frank had a good idea of what was occurring at higher altitudes when he stated I knew that such a molecule could not remain inert in the atmosphere forever if only because solar photochemistry at high altitudes would break it down 7 Rowland s research first published in Nature magazine in 1974 initiated a scientific investigation of the problem In 1978 a first ban on CFC based aerosols in spray cans was issued in the United States The actual production did however not stop and was soon on the old levels It took till the 1980s to allow for a global regulation policy Rowland performed many measurements of the atmosphere One experiment included collecting air samples at various cities and locations around the globe to determine CCl3F North South mixing By measuring the concentrations at different latitudes Rowland was able to see that CCl3F was mixing between hemispheres quite rapidly The same measurement was repeated 8 years later and the results showed a steady increase in CCl3F concentrations Rowland s work also showed how the density of the ozone layer varied by season increasing in November and decreasing until April where it levels out for the summer only to increase in November Data gained throughout successive years showed that although the pattern was consistent the overall ozone levels were dropping Rowland and his colleagues interacted both with the public and the political side and suggested various solutions which allowed to step wise reduce the CFC impact CFC emissions were regulated first within Canada the United States Sweden and Norway In the 1980s the Vienna Agreement and the Montreal Protocol allowed for global regulation 7 Awards and honors Edit Rowland Hall at the University of California Irvine is named after Rowland Rowland left receives an award from the Rochester Institute of Technology in 1975 Rowland won numerous awards for his work Tolman Medal 1976 Elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 10 Leo Szilard Lectureship Award 1979 Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement 1983 Japan Prize 1989 Honorary Doctor of Science Sc D degree from Whittier College 1989 11 Peter Debye Award 1993 Albert Einstein World Award of Science 1994 12 Roger Revelle Medal 1994 Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 Elected to the American Philosophical Society 1995 13 Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement 1996 14 In 1998 the UC Irvine physical sciences building was named after Rowland A bust of Rowland is visible in the lobby 15 Elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society ForMemRS in 2004 1 2 16 Mount Rowland in Antarctica was named after him in 2007 17 STEM Wing At Rutherford B Hayes High School in Delaware Ohio named in his honorPersonal life EditFrank Rowland was the father of art historian Ingrid Rowland and Jeff Rowland He had two granddaughters After suffering from a short bout of ill health Rowland died on March 10 2012 of complications from Parkinson s disease 18 Upon hearing the news renowned chemist and good friend Mario J Molina stated Sherry was a prime influence throughout my career and had inspired me and many others to walk in the shadow of his greatness 8 References Edit a b Fellows of the Royal Society London Royal Society Archived from the original on March 16 2015 a b Fellowship of the Royal Society 1660 2015 Royal Society Archived from the original on October 15 2015 Laureates of the Japan Prize japanprize jp Roan Shari March 12 2012 F Sherwood Rowland dies at 84 UC Irvine professor won Nobel Prize Los Angeles Times ISSN 0458 3035 Retrieved September 14 2016 Prather M J Blake D R 2012 F Sherwood Rowland 1927 2012 Nature 484 7393 168 Bibcode 2012Natur 484 168P doi 10 1038 484168a PMID 22498618 Molina M J Rowland F S 1974 Stratospheric sink for chlorofluoromethanes Chlorine atom catalysed destruction of ozone Nature 249 5460 810 Bibcode 1974Natur 249 810M doi 10 1038 249810a0 S2CID 32914300 a b c Nobel Lectures in Chemistry 1991 1995 Singapore World Scientific Publishing 1997 p 296 ISBN 981 02 2679 9 a b F Sherwood Rowland Biographical nobelprize org F Sherwood Rowland www nasonline org Retrieved December 21 2021 Frank Sherwood Rowland American Academy of Arts amp Sciences Retrieved December 21 2021 Honorary Degrees Whittier College Retrieved November 23 2019 Albert Einstein World Award of Science 1994 Archived from the original on June 7 2014 Retrieved August 13 2013 APS Member History search amphilsoc org Retrieved December 21 2021 Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement www achievement org American Academy of Achievement Meier James Canalis John October 9 1998 University Dedicates Building to Nobelist Los Angeles Times ISSN 0458 3035 Retrieved September 14 2016 Harris Neil R P 2020 Frank Sherwood Sherry Rowland 28 June 1927 10 March 2012 Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 68 371 383 doi 10 1098 rsbm 2019 0032 Mount Rowland Geographic Names Information System United States Geological Survey United States Department of the Interior Retrieved February 10 2016 Barringer Felicity March 12 2012 F Sherwood Rowland 84 Dies Raised Alarm Over Aerosols The New York Times External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Frank Sherwood Rowland Wikiquote has quotations related to Frank Sherwood Rowland Bibliography Edit Technical Reports Radiochemistry Research Progress Report October 1 1974 to September 30 1975 University of California Irvine United States Department of Energy through predecessor agency the Atomic Energy Commission 1975 Research in Chemical Kinetics Progress Report January 1 1978 to September 30 1978 University of California Irvine United States Department of Energy 1978 Research in Chemical Kinetics Annual Report 1993 University of California Irvine United States Department of Energy 1993 Research in Chemical Kinetics Annual Report 1994 University of California Irvine United States Department of Energy June 1 1994 Archival collections Edit F Sherwood Rowland Papers Special Collections and Archives The UC Irvine Libraries Irvine California B J Finlayson Pitts D R Blake and A R Ravi Ravishankara F Sherwood Rowland Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences 2022 Other Edit CFCs Ozone Depletion and Global Warming Freeview video interview with F Sherwood Rowland provided by the Vega Science Trust F Sherwood Rowland on Nobelprize org including the Nobel Lecture on December 8 1995 UCI Nobel winner F Sherwood Sherry Rowland dies at 84 Orange County Ozone layer scientist who saved the world dies Guardian Obituary in The Independent by Marcus Williamson Andersen Stephen O Conzalez Marco 2012 Frank Sherwood Rowland Physics Today 65 10 70 doi 10 1063 PT 3 1759 Portals Chemistry Biography United States Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title F Sherwood Rowland amp oldid 1127612358, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
