Concouguash, Christian name Francis Joseph Neptune, (1735–1834) was chief of the Passamaquoddy tribe during the American Revolutionary War. He succeeded his father, Bahgulwet (aka Jean-Baptiste Neptune), who died in 1778,[1][2] and was succeeded by his own son, John Francis Neptune, in 1824.[2] The term "chief" later became the word for governor.[1] Becoming chief is passed along through family lineage [3] and requires acceptance from the Passamaquoddies, Penobscots and Maliseet tribes.[4] These three tribes share similar chief induction ceremonies, conducted simultaneously with eyewitnesses from each tribe present.[4]
During the Revolution, the Passamaquoddies sided with the American colonists to fight against the British soldiers invading the eastern coast of Maine.[5] On June 12, 1775 the tribe assisted the American military in a naval attack at Pleasant Point known as the "Battle of the Rim", or Battle of Machias in Machias, Maine.[6] After gaining permission from the commanding officer, Chief Francis Neptune was the one who fired the first shot, with his flintlock rifle,[6] at the Battle of the Rim. Roughly 200 Passamaquoddies were soldiers in the Revolutionary War serving under Chief Francis Neptune's orders.[6]George Washington proclaimed a "pledge of friendship" after the success of the Passamaquoddy people's efforts in battle.[5][7] On Christmas Eve of 1776 George Washington wrote to the tribe in hopes that they would come to the aid of the colonies by sending warriors and ensuring Passamaquoddy boundaries along the Canada and Maine border.[6][8] According to Colonel John Allan, the man whom the Passamaquoddies served under,[9] noted in his journal that Chief Joseph Francis earned £4 for his participation in the Battle of Machias.[10]
1790sedit
In the 1790s the Passamaquoddies were in land and rights disputes with the government.[1] Chief Francis Neptune took responsibility and fought for his people.[1] He did this by reminding the white government of the help that the Passamaquoddies contributed to the American Colonists winning the Revolutionary War.[1] There is a statement from Colonel Allan saying that the Native Americans who served time for the United States military will be viewed as brothers, children, and under protection and care of the United States. Colonel Allan was also reported saying that their future children should enjoy all the rights and privileges that all Americans will receive.[6][10]
Chief Neptune was part of the negotiation with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts to separate a piece of land from the state for the Passamaquoddies.[1] In 1794 the Passamaquoddy reservation, Passamaquoddy Pleasant Point Reservation, was established by the state.[2][7] The reservation was originally 23,000 acres with additional acreage at other points in Maine for hunting and fishing.[1] He lived on the reservation with his wife, Sabattis Neptune, until he died in 1834.[3][7] After the establishment of the reservation, Chief Neptune spoke in front of the Massachusetts government in Boston, Massachusetts saying that Passamaquoddies should be allowed to make decisions regarding their established land [1]
Also in 1796 Chief Francis Neptune served as a guide along the United States and Canada border.[11] On that surveying trip he signed a land treaty to establish boundaries between the Passamaquoddy reservation, the United States, and Canada.[11] To help draw land boundaries and features Chief Francis Neptune drew a map of the Cobscook River area on July 12, 1798.[12] This map helped British Commissioner Thomas Barclay learn about the St. Croix River and land boundaries [12]
1800sedit
In 1829 Andrew Jackson met with Chief Neptune.[7] The president enjoyed his meeting with the Passamaquoddy tribe and extended his gratitude in the same way that George Washington had done, the "chains of friendship" continued to be strong with the tribe[7]
In 1834 Chief Francis Joseph Neptune died on his Passamaquoddy Pleasant Point Reservation at the age of 99. In his honor a schooner was built for him at Huston's Shipyard. Many people spoke highly of him because they approved of the actions he did while he was chief.[13]
Worksedit
Francis Joseph Neptune (2014). "1813 Speech". In Siobhan Senier (ed.). Dawnland Voices: An Anthology of Indigenous Writing from New England. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. pp. 164–165.
Referencesedit
^ abcdefghNeptune, Francis Joseph. . Writing of Indigenous New England. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2015.
^ abcCahoon, Ben. "U.S. Native American Nations". Retrieved 14 April 2015.
^ abPassamaquoddy Tribe at Pleasant Point. "The Passamaquoddy Meet the French - June 1604". Passamaquoddy. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
^ abWilliamson D., William (1832). The History of the State of Maine: From Its First Discovery, A.D. 1602, to the Separation A.D. 1820, Inclusive (1 ed.). Glazier, Masters & CO. p. 495. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
^ abTreuer, Anton; Herman J. Viola (2010). Indian Township Reservation. Washington, D.C: National Geographic. p. 36. ISBN9781426206641. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
^ abcdeCassidy, Katherine (June 10, 2005). "Tribe's role in Margaretta battle honored at Machias celebration". BDN Maine. Bangor Daily News. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
^ abcdeJackson, Andrew, Sam B. Smith, Harriet Fason Chappell Owsley, Harold D. Moser, Daniel Feller, Laura-Eve Moss (Dec 1, 2007). The Papers of Andrew Jackson: 1829. University of Tennessee Press. ISBN9781572335936. Retrieved 16 April 2015.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Ojibwe. "George Washington and the Indians". Native American Netroots. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
^McBride, Bunny; Harald Prins (April 1, 2010). Indians in Eden: Wabanakis and Rusticators on Maine's Mt. Desert Island. Down East Books. ISBN9780892728930. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
^ abPorter W., Joseph (1888). "Pay Roll of Indians in the Defense of Machias". The Bangor Historical Magazine. 4: 168. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
^ abJohnson, Michael; Jonathan Smith. (2006). Indian Tribes of the New England Frontie. Oxford: Osprey Pub. p. 41. ISBN9781841769370. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
^ abMaine Historical Society. "Francis Joseph Neptune Map, Cobscook River, 1798". Maine Memory Network. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
^Shead, E.E. (487). Eastport and Passamaquoddy: A Collection of Historical and Biographical Sketches. Eastport, Maine. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
francis, joseph, neptune, this, article, factual, accuracy, disputed, relevant, discussion, found, talk, page, please, help, ensure, that, disputed, statements, reliably, sourced, march, 2019, learn, when, remove, this, message, concouguash, christian, name, 1. This article s factual accuracy is disputed Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help to ensure that disputed statements are reliably sourced March 2019 Learn how and when to remove this message Concouguash Christian name Francis Joseph Neptune 1735 1834 was chief of the Passamaquoddy tribe during the American Revolutionary War He succeeded his father Bahgulwet aka Jean Baptiste Neptune who died in 1778 1 2 and was succeeded by his own son John Francis Neptune in 1824 2 The term chief later became the word for governor 1 Becoming chief is passed along through family lineage 3 and requires acceptance from the Passamaquoddies Penobscots and Maliseet tribes 4 These three tribes share similar chief induction ceremonies conducted simultaneously with eyewitnesses from each tribe present 4 Contents 1 1770s 2 1790s 3 1800s 4 Works 5 References 6 External links1770s editDuring the Revolution the Passamaquoddies sided with the American colonists to fight against the British soldiers invading the eastern coast of Maine 5 On June 12 1775 the tribe assisted the American military in a naval attack at Pleasant Point known as the Battle of the Rim or Battle of Machias in Machias Maine 6 After gaining permission from the commanding officer Chief Francis Neptune was the one who fired the first shot with his flintlock rifle 6 at the Battle of the Rim Roughly 200 Passamaquoddies were soldiers in the Revolutionary War serving under Chief Francis Neptune s orders 6 George Washington proclaimed a pledge of friendship after the success of the Passamaquoddy people s efforts in battle 5 7 On Christmas Eve of 1776 George Washington wrote to the tribe in hopes that they would come to the aid of the colonies by sending warriors and ensuring Passamaquoddy boundaries along the Canada and Maine border 6 8 According to Colonel John Allan the man whom the Passamaquoddies served under 9 noted in his journal that Chief Joseph Francis earned 4 for his participation in the Battle of Machias 10 1790s editIn the 1790s the Passamaquoddies were in land and rights disputes with the government 1 Chief Francis Neptune took responsibility and fought for his people 1 He did this by reminding the white government of the help that the Passamaquoddies contributed to the American Colonists winning the Revolutionary War 1 There is a statement from Colonel Allan saying that the Native Americans who served time for the United States military will be viewed as brothers children and under protection and care of the United States Colonel Allan was also reported saying that their future children should enjoy all the rights and privileges that all Americans will receive 6 10 Chief Neptune was part of the negotiation with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts to separate a piece of land from the state for the Passamaquoddies 1 In 1794 the Passamaquoddy reservation Passamaquoddy Pleasant Point Reservation was established by the state 2 7 The reservation was originally 23 000 acres with additional acreage at other points in Maine for hunting and fishing 1 He lived on the reservation with his wife Sabattis Neptune until he died in 1834 3 7 After the establishment of the reservation Chief Neptune spoke in front of the Massachusetts government in Boston Massachusetts saying that Passamaquoddies should be allowed to make decisions regarding their established land 1 Also in 1796 Chief Francis Neptune served as a guide along the United States and Canada border 11 On that surveying trip he signed a land treaty to establish boundaries between the Passamaquoddy reservation the United States and Canada 11 To help draw land boundaries and features Chief Francis Neptune drew a map of the Cobscook River area on July 12 1798 12 This map helped British Commissioner Thomas Barclay learn about the St Croix River and land boundaries 12 1800s editIn 1829 Andrew Jackson met with Chief Neptune 7 The president enjoyed his meeting with the Passamaquoddy tribe and extended his gratitude in the same way that George Washington had done the chains of friendship continued to be strong with the tribe 7 In 1834 Chief Francis Joseph Neptune died on his Passamaquoddy Pleasant Point Reservation at the age of 99 In his honor a schooner was built for him at Huston s Shipyard Many people spoke highly of him because they approved of the actions he did while he was chief 13 Works editFrancis Joseph Neptune 2014 1813 Speech In Siobhan Senier ed Dawnland Voices An Anthology of Indigenous Writing from New England Lincoln University of Nebraska Press pp 164 165 References edit a b c d e f g h Neptune Francis Joseph Speech 1813 Writing of Indigenous New England Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 14 April 2015 a b c Cahoon Ben U S Native American Nations Retrieved 14 April 2015 a b Passamaquoddy Tribe at Pleasant Point The Passamaquoddy Meet the French June 1604 Passamaquoddy Retrieved 16 April 2015 a b Williamson D William 1832 The History of the State of Maine From Its First Discovery A D 1602 to the Separation A D 1820 Inclusive 1 ed Glazier Masters amp CO p 495 Retrieved 16 April 2015 a b Treuer Anton Herman J Viola 2010 Indian Township Reservation Washington D C National Geographic p 36 ISBN 9781426206641 Retrieved 15 April 2015 a b c d e Cassidy Katherine June 10 2005 Tribe s role in Margaretta battle honored at Machias celebration BDN Maine Bangor Daily News Retrieved 16 April 2015 a b c d e Jackson Andrew Sam B Smith Harriet Fason Chappell Owsley Harold D Moser Daniel Feller Laura Eve Moss Dec 1 2007 The Papers of Andrew Jackson 1829 University of Tennessee Press ISBN 9781572335936 Retrieved 16 April 2015 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Ojibwe George Washington and the Indians Native American Netroots Retrieved 15 April 2015 McBride Bunny Harald Prins April 1 2010 Indians in Eden Wabanakis and Rusticators on Maine s Mt Desert Island Down East Books ISBN 9780892728930 Retrieved 16 April 2015 a b Porter W Joseph 1888 Pay Roll of Indians in the Defense of Machias The Bangor Historical Magazine 4 168 Retrieved 15 April 2015 a b Johnson Michael Jonathan Smith 2006 Indian Tribes of the New England Frontie Oxford Osprey Pub p 41 ISBN 9781841769370 Retrieved 16 April 2015 a b Maine Historical Society Francis Joseph Neptune Map Cobscook River 1798 Maine Memory Network Retrieved 16 April 2015 Shead E E 487 Eastport and Passamaquoddy A Collection of Historical and Biographical Sketches Eastport Maine Retrieved 17 April 2015 External links editSpeech 1813 Archived 2016 03 04 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Francis Joseph Neptune amp oldid 1221259696, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
