Franchinus Gaffurius (Franchino Gaffurio; 14 January 1451 – 25 June 1522) was an Italian music theorist and composer of the Renaissance. He was an almost exact contemporary of Josquin des Prez and Leonardo da Vinci, both of whom were his personal friends.[citation needed] He was one of the most famous musicians in Italy in the late 15th and early 16th centuries.[citation needed]
Woodcut of Gaffurius among twelve students in De Harmonia musicorum instrumentorum (1518).A page from his book Theorica musicae[1]
He was born in Lodi to an aristocratic family. Early in life he entered a Benedictine monastery, where he acquired his early musical training; later he became a priest. Later he lived in Mantua and Verona before settling in Milan as the maestro di cappella at the cathedral there, a position which he accepted in January 1484.
During the previous decade the Sforza family, using the composer Gaspar van Weerbeke as a recruiter, had built the choir at their chapel in Milan into one of the largest and most distinguished musical ensembles in Europe: composer-singers such as Alexander Agricola, Loyset Compère and Johannes Martini had all been employed there. While the membership of the choir at the Milan cathedral was mostly Italian, the cross-influence between his choir and the group at the Sforza chapel was significant. Gaffurius retained the post at the cathedral for the rest of his life, and it was in Milan that he knew both Josquin des Prez and Leonardo da Vinci.
Writingsedit
Gaffurius was widely read, and showed a strong Renaissance humanist bent. In addition to having a thorough understanding of contemporary musical practice, he met composers from all over Europe, since he had the good fortune to be living and working at one of the centers of activity for the incoming Netherlanders. His books have a pedagogical intent, and provide a young composer with all the techniques necessary to learn his art.
The major treatises of his years in Milan are three: Theorica musicae (1492), Practica musicae (1496), and De harmonia musicorum instrumentorum opus (1518). The second of these, the Practica musicae, is the most thorough, proceeding through subjects as diverse as ancient Greek notation, plainchant, mensuration, counterpoint, and tempo. One of his most famous comments is that the tactus, the tempo of a semibreve, is equal to the pulse of a man who is breathing quietly—presumably about 72 beats per minute.
Musicedit
The entrance of Musical Association Franchino Gaffurio in Lodi
Gaffurius wrote masses, motets, settings of the Magnificat, and hymns, mainly during his Milan years. Some of the motets were written for ceremonial occasions for his ducal employer; many of the masses show the influence of Josquin, and all are in flowing Netherlandish polyphony, though with an admixture of Italian lightness and melody. His music was collected in four codices under his own direction.
Selected recordingsedit
Franchino Gaffurio Missa de Carneval Motets: Stabat mater, Adoramus Te, Imperatrix reginarum, Imperatrix gloriosa, Florem ergo, Res miranda, Salve Regina, Lamentatio, Magnificat, O sacrum convivium, Quando venit, Ave corpus. Il Convitto Armonico, Baschenis Ensemble, Stefano Buschini. Tactus 2012
Articles "Franchinus Gaffurius," "Leonardo da Vinci" in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie. 20 vol. London, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 1980. ISBN1-56159-174-2
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This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations September 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message Franchinus Gaffurius Franchino Gaffurio 14 January 1451 25 June 1522 was an Italian music theorist and composer of the Renaissance He was an almost exact contemporary of Josquin des Prez and Leonardo da Vinci both of whom were his personal friends citation needed He was one of the most famous musicians in Italy in the late 15th and early 16th centuries citation needed Woodcut of Gaffurius among twelve students in De Harmonia musicorum instrumentorum 1518 A page from his book Theorica musicae 1 Contents 1 Life 2 Writings 3 Music 4 Selected recordings 5 References 6 External linksLife editHe was born in Lodi to an aristocratic family Early in life he entered a Benedictine monastery where he acquired his early musical training later he became a priest Later he lived in Mantua and Verona before settling in Milan as the maestro di cappella at the cathedral there a position which he accepted in January 1484 nbsp Portrait of a Musician by Leonardo da Vinci once thought to be of Franchinus Gaffurius now of an unknown musician in Milan in the 1480sDuring the previous decade the Sforza family using the composer Gaspar van Weerbeke as a recruiter had built the choir at their chapel in Milan into one of the largest and most distinguished musical ensembles in Europe composer singers such as Alexander Agricola Loyset Compere and Johannes Martini had all been employed there While the membership of the choir at the Milan cathedral was mostly Italian the cross influence between his choir and the group at the Sforza chapel was significant Gaffurius retained the post at the cathedral for the rest of his life and it was in Milan that he knew both Josquin des Prez and Leonardo da Vinci Writings editGaffurius was widely read and showed a strong Renaissance humanist bent In addition to having a thorough understanding of contemporary musical practice he met composers from all over Europe since he had the good fortune to be living and working at one of the centers of activity for the incoming Netherlanders His books have a pedagogical intent and provide a young composer with all the techniques necessary to learn his art The major treatises of his years in Milan are three Theorica musicae 1492 Practica musicae 1496 and De harmonia musicorum instrumentorum opus 1518 The second of these the Practica musicae is the most thorough proceeding through subjects as diverse as ancient Greek notation plainchant mensuration counterpoint and tempo One of his most famous comments is that the tactus the tempo of a semibreve is equal to the pulse of a man who is breathing quietly presumably about 72 beats per minute Music edit nbsp The entrance of Musical Association Franchino Gaffurio in LodiGaffurius wrote masses motets settings of the Magnificat and hymns mainly during his Milan years Some of the motets were written for ceremonial occasions for his ducal employer many of the masses show the influence of Josquin and all are in flowing Netherlandish polyphony though with an admixture of Italian lightness and melody His music was collected in four codices under his own direction Selected recordings editFranchino Gaffurio Missa de Carneval Motets Stabat mater Adoramus Te Imperatrix reginarum Imperatrix gloriosa Florem ergo Res miranda Salve Regina Lamentatio Magnificat O sacrum convivium Quando venit Ave corpus Il Convitto Armonico Baschenis Ensemble Stefano Buschini Tactus 2012References edit Franchinus Gaffurius 1492 Theorica musicae Articles Franchinus Gaffurius Leonardo da Vinci in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians ed Stanley Sadie 20 vol London Macmillan Publishers Ltd 1980 ISBN 1 56159 174 2 Blackburn Bonnie J 2001 Gaffurius Gafurius Franchinus Grove Music Online Oxford UK Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 gmo 9781561592630 article 10477 ISBN 978 1 56159 263 0 subscription or UK public library membership required Macey Patrick Noble Jeremy Dean Jeffrey Reese Gustave 2011 2001 Josquin Lebloitte dit des Prez Grove Music Online Oxford UK Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 gmo 9781561592630 article 14497 ISBN 9781561592630 subscription or UK public library membership required Gustave Reese Music in the Renaissance New York W W Norton amp Co 1954 ISBN 0 393 09530 4External links editFree scores by Franchinus Gaffurius in the Choral Public Domain Library ChoralWiki Free scores by Franchinus Gaffurius at the International Music Score Library Project IMSLP Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Franchinus Gaffurius amp oldid 1159749223, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
