A fold and thrust belt (FTB) is a series of mountainous foothills adjacent to an orogenic belt, which forms due to contractional tectonics. Fold and thrust belts commonly form in the forelands adjacent to major orogens as deformation propagates outwards. Fold and thrust belts usually comprise both folds and thrust faults, commonly interrelated. They are commonly also known as thrust-and-fold belts, or simply thrust-fold belts.
Fold and thrust belts are formed of a series of sub-parallel thrust sheets, separated by major thrust faults. As the total shortening increases in a fold and thrust belt, the belt propagates into its foreland. New thrusts develop at the front of the belt, folding the older thrusts that have become inactive. This sequential propagation of thrusts into the foreland is the most common. Thrusts that form within the belt rather than at the thrust front are known as "out-of-sequence".
Map viewEdit
In map view, fold and thrust belts are generally sinuous rather than completely linear.[1] Where the thrust front bulges out in the direction of tectonic transport, a salient is formed. Between the bulges the areas are known as recesses, reentrants or sometimes embayments.
^Lickorish W.H.; Grasso M.; Butler R.W.H.; Argnani A.; Moniscalco R. (1999). "Structural styles and regional tectonic setting of the "Gela Nappe" and frontal part of the Maghrebian thrust belt in Sicily". Tectonics. 18 (4): 655–668. Bibcode:1999Tecto..18..655L. doi:10.1029/1999TC900013.
^Selwyn Basin Metallogeny Yukon Geological Survey 2014-03-31 at the Wayback Machine
^Nemcok, M., Schamel, S. & Gayer, R. 2005. Thrustbelts - Structural Architecture, Thermal Regimes and Petroleum Systems. Cambridge University Press ISBN978-0-521-82294-7
^THE EVOLUTION OF THE ALTIPLANO-PUNA PLATEAU OF THE CENTRAL ANDES. 1997.
External linksEdit
Fold and thrust belts publications
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A fold and thrust belt FTB is a series of mountainous foothills adjacent to an orogenic belt which forms due to contractional tectonics Fold and thrust belts commonly form in the forelands adjacent to major orogens as deformation propagates outwards Fold and thrust belts usually comprise both folds and thrust faults commonly interrelated They are commonly also known as thrust and fold belts or simply thrust fold belts Modelling of a fold and thrust belt in a sand box Contents 1 Geometry 1 1 Map view 2 Thrust belts 2 1 Africa 2 2 Asia 2 3 Australia 2 4 Europe 2 5 North America 2 6 South America 3 References 4 External linksGeometry EditFold and thrust belts are formed of a series of sub parallel thrust sheets separated by major thrust faults As the total shortening increases in a fold and thrust belt the belt propagates into its foreland New thrusts develop at the front of the belt folding the older thrusts that have become inactive This sequential propagation of thrusts into the foreland is the most common Thrusts that form within the belt rather than at the thrust front are known as out of sequence Map view Edit In map view fold and thrust belts are generally sinuous rather than completely linear 1 Where the thrust front bulges out in the direction of tectonic transport a salient is formed Between the bulges the areas are known as recesses reentrants or sometimes embayments Thrust belts Edit nbsp Profile through the Pyrenees In the south a fold and thrust belt exists as sediments are folded and stacked thrust on top of the other nbsp An example of thin skinned thrusting in Montana The white Madison Limestone is repeated with one example in the foreground that pinches out with distance and another to the upper right corner and top of the picture Africa Edit Thrustbelt name Age Structural styleAtlas MountainsCape Fold BeltAsia Edit Thrustbelt name Age Structural styleAravalli Range PrecambrianHimalayas Upper CretaceousZagros fold and thrust belt Young and active deforming beltAustralia Edit Thrustbelt name Age Structural styleEastern Lachlan Orogen Middle Paleozoic North south oriented structuresEurope Edit Thrustbelt name Age Structural styleAlps CenozoicScandinavian Caledonides Ordovician DevonianCarpathians Mesozoic TertiaryNorth America Edit Thrustbelt name Age Structural styleAlaska Range Late Cretaceous Cenozoic Thick skinAnadyr Highlands Late Paleocene Eocene UnknownAntler Thrustbelt Carboniferous Thin skinAppalachians Late Paleozoic Thin skinArctic Cordillera Middle Devonian Early Carboniferous UnknownBrooks Range Jurassic Early Cretaceous Early Cenozoic Thin skinCalifornia Coast Ranges Late Miocene Quaternary TranspressionalChihuahua Belt Paleocene UnknownChugach Mountains Cenozoic Thin skinEurekan Fold Belt Eocene Oligocene UnknownInnuitian Fold Thrust Belt Late Cretaceous Early Cenozoic Thin skinKuskokwim Mountains Late Cretaceous Eocene UnknownMackenzie Mountains Late Cretaceous Middle Eocene Thin skinMaria Fold and Thrust Belt Cretaceous Thick skinNorth Greenland Fold Belt Middle Devonian Early Carboniferous UnknownNorthern Ellesmere Fold Belt Middle Devonian Early Carboniferous Thin skinOgilvie Mountains Late Cretaceous Eocene Thin skinOregon Accretionary Prism Late Miocene Quaternary Thin skinOuachitas Late Carboniferous Early Permian Thick and thin skinRichardson Mountains Late Cretaceous Middle Eocene Thin skinRocky Mountains Paleocene to Middle Eocene Thick skinSelwyn Fold Belt Yukon 2 Late Cretaceous UnknownSierra Madre Oriental Early Cenozoic UnknownSierra Madre Occidental Cretaceous Eocene UnknownSouth Canadian Rockies Late Jurassic Eocene Thin skinWyoming Utah Thrustbelt North Sevier Late Jurassic Eocene Thin skinMuch of this table is adapted from Nemcok et al 2005 3 South America Edit Thrustbelt name Age Structural styleMagallanes Fuegian fold and thrust belt Late Cretaceous Cenozoic Thin skinMalargue fold and thrust beltMaranon fold and thrust belt Cenozoic Thick skin and thin skinCentral Andean fold and thrust belt Mesozoic Cenozoic Thin skin 4 References Edit Lickorish W H Grasso M Butler R W H Argnani A Moniscalco R 1999 Structural styles and regional tectonic setting of the Gela Nappe and frontal part of the Maghrebian thrust belt in Sicily Tectonics 18 4 655 668 Bibcode 1999Tecto 18 655L doi 10 1029 1999TC900013 Selwyn Basin Metallogeny Yukon Geological Survey Archived 2014 03 31 at the Wayback Machine Nemcok M Schamel S amp Gayer R 2005 Thrustbelts Structural Architecture Thermal Regimes and Petroleum Systems Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 82294 7 THE EVOLUTION OF THE ALTIPLANO PUNA PLATEAU OF THE CENTRAL ANDES 1997 External links EditFold and thrust belts publications nbsp This tectonics article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fold and thrust belt amp oldid 1163522768, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,