The Fokker C.X was originally designed for the Royal Dutch East Indies Army, in order to replace the Fokker C.V. Like all Fokker aircraft of that time, it was of mixed construction, with wooden wing structures and a welded steel tube frame covered with aluminium plates at the front of the aircraft and with fabric at the rear. The prototype was built in 1934 with a Rolls-Royce Kestrel V engine.
The East Indies Army ordered 13 C.Xs, but they were soon replaced in the scout/light bomber role by the American Martin B-10s. Until the Japanese attack on the Dutch East Indies in 1941, the C.X remained in use as a trainer and target tug.
The Dutch Air Force ordered 16 C.Xs, and later four more with Kestrel IIS engines. These four were later re-equipped with Kestrel V engines; the Kestrel IIS proved not very reliable.
Two C.Xs were delivered to the Spanish Republic, and four more to Finland. The Finns also license-produced 35 C.Xs until 1942. These C.Xs were equipped with Bristol Pegasus XII engines.
Airspeed Ltd. in Great Britain got a license to build C.Xs for the British market as the Airspeed AS.22, but no orders were received.[1]
Operational historyedit
Finnish C.X
During the German attack on the Netherlands in May 1940, the C.Xs served in their intended role as scouts and light bombers. The tactic of "hugging the ground" allowed the C.Xs to achieve some success. Two C.Xs and their crews escaped to France after the Dutch surrender.
The Finnish C.Xs served with distinction in the Winter War, the Continuation War and the Lapland War. The C.X was the most important short-range reconnaissance aircraft and dive bomber of the Finnish Air Force at the outbreak of the Winter War. There were 29 of them in combat units, the "Frans-Kalle" was slow but possessed a robust airframe, making it a useful asset. The maximum dive speed was 540 km/h, which enabled it to break away from the Soviet I-153 and I-16 fighters. As hostilities continued, losses began to mount. During the Winter War 8 FKs were lost. The last of the seven Finnish C.Xs that survived the war crashed in 1958. The craft, designated FK-111, served as a target-towing craft in the Finnish Air Force. The plane crashed into a forest on 21 January 1958, killing the pilot (Second Lieutenant Aimo Allinen) and the winch-operator (2nd Ltn Antti Kukkonen).
Variantsedit
C.X Series I : Fokker-built aircraft for the Dutch using an inline engine
Gross weight: 2,250 kg (4,960 lb) (Dutch) or 2,500 kg (5,500 lb) (Finnish).
Max takeoff weight: 2,900 kg (6,393 lb)
Powerplant: 1 × Rolls-Royce Kestrel liquid-cooled V-12 (Dutch), 485 kW (650 hp) or 850 hp (630 kW) Bristol Pegasus XII nine-cylinder air cooled radial (Finnish)
Propellers: 2-bladed
Performance
Maximum speed: 320 km/h (200 mph, 170 kn) (Dutch) or 340 km/h (210 mph) (Finnish).
Range: 830 km (520 mi, 450 nmi) (Dutch) or 840 km (520 mi) (Finnish).
Service ceiling: 8,300 m (27,200 ft) (Dutch) or 8,400 m (27,600 ft) (Finnish).
Rate of climb: 8.3 m/s (1,630 ft/min)
Armament
Guns: 2 × 7.9 mm (0.31 in) machine guns fixed in top of front fuselage with a third manually aimed from rear cockpit in Dutch aircraft. Finnish aircraft used same number of 7.62 mm (0.30 in) L-33/34 in same locations.
Bombs: 2 × 175 kg (385 lb) or 4 × 100 kg (220 lb) bombs on underwing racks
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fokker C.X.
Referencesedit
^Taylor, H.A.. Airspeed Aircraft since 1931. Putnam. 1970. London. ISBN0-370-00110-9
^Gunston, Bill, An Illustrated guide to Bombers of World War II, Salamander. ISBN0-86101-069-8
^Jonker, K.W. (27 June 2011). "Fokker C.X". Retrieved 19 August 2019.
Bibliographyedit
Taylor, H.A.. Airspeed Aircraft since 1931. Putnam. 1970. London. ISBN0-370-00110-9
January 01, 1970
fokker, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, march, 2017, learn,. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Fokker C X news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2017 Learn how and when to remove this message The Fokker C X was a Dutch biplane scout and light bomber designed in 1933 It had a crew of two a pilot and an observer C X Fokker C X with inline engine Role Light reconnaissance bomber aircraft National origin Netherlands Manufacturer Fokker Introduction 1933 Primary users Royal Netherlands Air ForceFinnish Air Force Republican Spanish Air Force Number built 74 25 units not built in Spain Contents 1 Design and development 2 Operational history 3 Variants 4 Operators 5 Specifications Fokker C X 6 See also 7 References 7 1 References 7 2 BibliographyDesign and development editThe Fokker C X was originally designed for the Royal Dutch East Indies Army in order to replace the Fokker C V Like all Fokker aircraft of that time it was of mixed construction with wooden wing structures and a welded steel tube frame covered with aluminium plates at the front of the aircraft and with fabric at the rear The prototype was built in 1934 with a Rolls Royce Kestrel V engine The East Indies Army ordered 13 C Xs but they were soon replaced in the scout light bomber role by the American Martin B 10s Until the Japanese attack on the Dutch East Indies in 1941 the C X remained in use as a trainer and target tug The Dutch Air Force ordered 16 C Xs and later four more with Kestrel IIS engines These four were later re equipped with Kestrel V engines the Kestrel IIS proved not very reliable Two C Xs were delivered to the Spanish Republic and four more to Finland The Finns also license produced 35 C Xs until 1942 These C Xs were equipped with Bristol Pegasus XII engines Airspeed Ltd in Great Britain got a license to build C Xs for the British market as the Airspeed AS 22 but no orders were received 1 Operational history edit nbsp Finnish C X During the German attack on the Netherlands in May 1940 the C Xs served in their intended role as scouts and light bombers The tactic of hugging the ground allowed the C Xs to achieve some success Two C Xs and their crews escaped to France after the Dutch surrender The Finnish C Xs served with distinction in the Winter War the Continuation War and the Lapland War The C X was the most important short range reconnaissance aircraft and dive bomber of the Finnish Air Force at the outbreak of the Winter War There were 29 of them in combat units the Frans Kalle was slow but possessed a robust airframe making it a useful asset The maximum dive speed was 540 km h which enabled it to break away from the Soviet I 153 and I 16 fighters As hostilities continued losses began to mount During the Winter War 8 FKs were lost The last of the seven Finnish C Xs that survived the war crashed in 1958 The craft designated FK 111 served as a target towing craft in the Finnish Air Force The plane crashed into a forest on 21 January 1958 killing the pilot Second Lieutenant Aimo Allinen and the winch operator 2nd Ltn Antti Kukkonen Variants editC X Series I Fokker built aircraft for the Dutch using an inline engine C X Series II Fokker built 4 to Finland C X Series III Licence built in Finland had modified upper wings which were slightly more swept C X Series IV Licence built in Finland 5 planes which were put together from spare parts Operators edit nbsp Dutch C X nbsp Finland Finnish Air Force 39 nbsp Netherlands Royal Netherlands Air Force 20 Royal Netherlands East Indies Army Air Force 13 nbsp Spain Republican Spanish Air Force 2 Specifications Fokker C X edit nbsp Data from An Illustrated guide to Bombers of World War II 2 General characteristicsCrew Two Length 9 2 m 30 ft 2 in Dutch or 9 1 m 30 ft Finnish Upper wingspan 12 00 m 39 ft 4 in Lower wingspan 10 50 m 34 ft 5 in Height 3 30 m 10 ft 10 in Wing area 31 5 m2 339 sq ft 3 Empty weight 1 400 kg 3 086 lb Gross weight 2 250 kg 4 960 lb Dutch or 2 500 kg 5 500 lb Finnish Max takeoff weight 2 900 kg 6 393 lb Powerplant 1 Rolls Royce Kestrel liquid cooled V 12 Dutch 485 kW 650 hp or 850 hp 630 kW Bristol Pegasus XII nine cylinder air cooled radial Finnish Propellers 2 bladed Performance Maximum speed 320 km h 200 mph 170 kn Dutch or 340 km h 210 mph Finnish Range 830 km 520 mi 450 nmi Dutch or 840 km 520 mi Finnish Service ceiling 8 300 m 27 200 ft Dutch or 8 400 m 27 600 ft Finnish Rate of climb 8 3 m s 1 630 ft min Armament Guns 2 7 9 mm 0 31 in machine guns fixed in top of front fuselage with a third manually aimed from rear cockpit in Dutch aircraft Finnish aircraft used same number of 7 62 mm 0 30 in L 33 34 in same locations Bombs 2 175 kg 385 lb or 4 100 kg 220 lb bombs on underwing racksSee also editRelated lists List of aircraft of World War II List of aircraft of the Spanish Republican Air ForceReferences edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fokker C X References edit Taylor H A Airspeed Aircraft since 1931 Putnam 1970 London ISBN 0 370 00110 9 Gunston Bill An Illustrated guide to Bombers of World War II Salamander ISBN 0 86101 069 8 Jonker K W 27 June 2011 Fokker C X Retrieved 19 August 2019 Bibliography edit Taylor H A Airspeed Aircraft since 1931 Putnam 1970 London ISBN 0 370 00110 9 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fokker C X amp oldid 1178654890, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
