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Flesh fly

February 15, 2024

Sarcophagidae (from Ancient Greek σάρξ sárx 'flesh', and φαγεῖν phageîn 'to eat')[1] are a family of flies commonly known as flesh flies. They differ from most flies in that they are ovoviviparous, opportunistically depositing hatched or hatching maggots instead of eggs on carrion, dung, decaying material, or open wounds of mammals, hence their common name. Some flesh fly larvae are internal parasites of other insects such as Orthoptera, and some, in particular the Miltogramminae, are kleptoparasites of solitary Hymenoptera.[2] The adults mostly feed on fluids from animal bodies, nectar, sweet foods, fluids from animal waste and other organic substances. Juveniles need protein to develop and may be laid on carrion, dung or sweet plant foods (including fruit, nuts, and artificial foodstuffs).

Flesh flies
Sarcophaga bercaea
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Section: Schizophora
Subsection: Calyptratae
Superfamily: Oestroidea
Family: Sarcophagidae
Macquart, 1834
Subfamilies

Diagnostic characteristics edit

 
Wing venation of Sarcophagidae
 
Sarcophaga nodosa feeding on decaying flesh
 
Sarcophagid showing basally plumose arista

Members of the subfamily Sarcophaginae are small to large flies 0.16–0.9 inches (4.1–22.9 mm) with black and gray longitudinal stripes on the thorax and checkering on the abdomen. Other key features include red eyes and a bristled abdomen. Abdominal sternites II and III are free and cover the margins of tergites. The posthumeral bristles are one or two in number, with the outermost pair missing.

The presutural bristle is located lower than the notopleural bristle, and closer to the notopleural bristle than to the outermost posthumeral bristle. The presutural bristle is located higher than or level with the posthumeral bristle. The hindmost posthumeral bristle is located even with or toward the midline from the presutural bristle. Four notopleural bristles are present and arranged in the order - short, long, short, long - from front to rear.

Vein M1 +2 (anterior transverse vein, medial vein 1+2 ) is always present, and the cubitulus is strongly bent at right angles or acute; vein Rs is dibranched.

The eyes are smooth and very rarely hairy.

The arista is plumose in its basal half, or rarely pubescent or glabrous.

Taxonomy edit

The family contains three subfamilies, the Miltogramminae, the Paramacronychiinae, and the Sarcophaginae, containing between them 108 genera. About 2500 species are in this family.

Biology edit

 
Craticulina is a genus of Miltogramminae. This species is a kleptoparasite of Philanthus. The arista is basally pubescent.

Sarcophaginae : The majority of species in the large genus Sarcophaga are scavengers of small carrion, such as dead insects and snails or smaller vertebrates. A few species feed on larger vertebrate carcasses. Flesh fly maggots occasionally eat other larvae, although this is usually because the other larvae are smaller and get in the way. Flesh flies and their larvae are also known to eat decaying vegetable matter and excrement, and they may be found around compost piles and pit latrines.[3]

Miltogramminae : Members of this subfamily are kleptoparasites of solitary bees and solitary wasps.[4]

Paramacronychiinae : This subfamily includes lepidopteran predators or parasitoids (Agria), predators on immatures (mainly prepupae) of bumblebees (Brachicoma) and generalist scavengers and insect predators (Sarcophila and Wohlfahrtia).[5]

Association with disease edit

Flesh flies can carry leprosy bacilli and can transmit intestinal pseudomyiasis to people who eat their larvae. Flesh flies, particularly Wohlfahrtia magnifica, can also cause myiasis in animals, mostly to sheep, and can give them blood poisoning, or asymptomatic leprosy infections.

Identification edit

Generally, only males of this family can reliably be identified to species, and then only by examination of dissected genitalia. The literature is incomplete or scattered for all regions. References include:

  • Rokuro Kano; Gordon Field; Satoshi Shinonaga Fauna Japonica: Sarcophagidae (Insecta: Diptera) Biogeographical Society of Japan; distributor: Tokyo Electrical Engineering College Press, 1967.In English.
  • Downes, W. L., Jr. Family Sarcophagidae in Stone, A. et al. A catalog of the Diptera of America north of Mexico United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 1965.
  • Lehrer, A.Z. . Sarcophaginae et Paramacronychiinae du Proche Orient (Insecta, Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Pensoft Series Faunistica 60, ISSN 1312-0174. ISBN 954-642-281-9, Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow, 165x240, keys, species descriptions, b/w drawings and photos, references, index. In French.(2006).
  • Lehrer, A.Z., Sarcophaginae de l'Afrique (Insecta, Diptera, Sarcophagidae) In: Entomologica, Bari, 37(2003):5-528 (in French)
  • Lehrer, A.Z., Taxonomic Atlas of the postabdominal structures Sarcophagidae (Insecta, Diptera). Vol. 1 In: Entomologica, Bari, 42 (2010):3-459.
  • Pape, T. The Sarcophagidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, 19 . Hardback 203 pp., 2 col. plates, 424 figures, in English, 1987. ISBN 90-04-08184-4
  • Pape, T. 1998. Sarcophagidae. - pp. 649–678 in: Papp, L. & Darvas, B. (eds), Contributions to a manual of Palaearctic/European Diptera. Science Herald; Budapest.
  • Pape, T. 1996. Catalogue of the Sarcophagidae of the world (Insecta: Diptera).Memoirs of Entomology International 8: 1–558.
  • Rohdendorf, B. B. Family Sarcophagidae in Bei-Bienko, G. Ya. Keys to the Insects of the European part of the USSR Fauna SSR (NS) 12: xv, 1–496. [In Russian; English translation 1988, pp. 1021–1096; Washington, D.C.]
  • Rohdendorf, B. B., 1930-1975 Sarcophaginae, in Lindner, E. Fliegen die Palaearktischen Region. 11 64h, 1–232;1985, 64h. Sarcophaginae (Lieferung 330) 1–297;1993 64h. Sarcophaginae (Lieferung 331) 1–441, 90 Abbildungen (figures).
  • Venturi, F., 1960. Sistematica e geonemia dei Sarcofagidi (escl. Sarcophaga s.l.) italiani (Diptera). Frustula Entomologica, 2 (7): 1–124.
  • Verves, Yu.G., 1986. Family Sarcophagidae. In: Soós Á. & Papp L. (eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, 12. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest - Elsevier, Amsterdam: 58-193

Catalogues edit

  • Pape, T. 1996. Catalogue of the Sarcophagidae of the world (Insecta: Diptera). Memoirs of Entomology International 8: 1–558.
  • Lehrer, A.Z., 2000, Le système taxonomique des Sarcophaginae afrotropicales (Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Entomologica, Bari, 34:41-63.
  • Lehrer, A.Z., 2003, Sarcophaginae de l'Afrique (Insecta, Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Entomologica, Bari, 37:5-528.

Principal bibliographic sources edit

  • Baranov, N. (1925), Neue Dipteren aus Serbien. – Let. Pol. Odl. Kontr. Sta. Topcideru, Belgrad, 1:1-11.
  • Baranov, N. (1941), Zweiter Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Sarcophaga (s.l.). Vet. Arh., 11:361-404 [In Croatian and German].
  • Becker, T. (1908), Dipteren der Kanarischen Inseln. Mitt. zool. Mus. Berlin, 4:1-180.
  • Böttcher, G. (1912), Die männlichen Begattungswerkzeuge der Arten bei dem Genus Sarcophaga Meigen. und ihre Bedeutung für die Abgrenzung der Arten. Dtsch. ent. Z., 525–544, 705–736.
  • Bôttcher, G. (1913), Die männlichen Begattungswerkzeuge der Arten bei dem Genus Sarcophaga Meigen. und ihre Bedeutung für die Abgrenzung der Arten. Dtsch. ent. Z., 1-16, 115–130, 239–254, 351–377.
  • Brauer, F. & Bergenstamm, J.E., (1889), Die Zweiflügler des Keiserlichen zu Wien. IV. Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Muscaria Schizometopa (exclusive Anthomyidae). Pars I. Denkschr. Akad. Wiss., Wien, 56:69-180.
  • Brauer, F. & Bergenstamm, J.E., (1891), Die Zweiflügler des Keiserlichen zu Wien. V. Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Muscaria Schizometopa (exclusive Anthomyidae). Pars II. Denkschr. Akad. Wiss., Wien, 58:39-446.
  • Enderlein, G. (1928a), Klassification der Sarcophagiden. Sarcophagiden-Studien I. Arch. klassifik. phylogeny. Ent., 1:1-56.
  • Enderlein, G. (1928b), Sarcophgiden-Studien II. Konowia, 7:147-153.
  • Enderlein, G. (1936), 22. Ordnung: Zweiflügler, Diptera. Die Tierwelt Mitteleuropas. Vol. 6, Insekten, Teil III, Abt. 16:1-259.
  • Fan, Zi-De (1965), Key to the common synanthropic flies of China. Academy of Sciences, Peking, XV + 1–330.
  • Fan Zi-De (ed.), 1992, Key to the common flies of China. Second Edition. Shanghai Institute of Entomology, Academia Sinica. 992p + 40 pl.
  • Kano, R., Flield, G. & Shinonaga, S. (1967), Sarcophagidae (Insecta: Diptera). Fauna Japonica 7:1-168 + 41 pls.
  • Lehrer, A.Z., (1974), Diptères myiasigènes de la superfamille Sarcophagidea de Roumanie. Acta Rer. Nat. Mus. Nat. Slov., Bratislava, 20:125-159.
  • Lehrer, A.Z., (2000a). Le système taxonomique des Sarcophaginae afrotropicales (Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Entomologica, Bari, 34:41-63.
  • Lehrer, A.Z. (2000b), La structure de l’abdomen des Sarcophaginae (Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Entomologica, Bari, 34:153-169.
  • Lehrer, A.Z., (2003a), Revision du genre Wohlfahrtia Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1889 de la faune d’Israël (Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Entomol. Croat., 7, nr. 1-2: 15–33.
  • Lehrer, A.Z., (2003b), Sarcophaginae de l’Afrique (Insecta, Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Entomologica, Bari, 37 :5-528.
  • Lehrer, A.Z., (2005), Nouveaux Sarcophagides afrotropicaux et orientaux (Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Entomologica, Bari, 39,:5-59.
  • Lehrer, A.Z., 2006, Sarcophaginae et Paramacronychiinae du Proche Orient (Insecta, Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Pensoft, 1–263.
  • Lehrer, A.Z., 2008, Le statut taxonomique des espèces "Musca carnaria Linnaeus, 1758" et Sarcophaga carnaria Bottcher, 1912 (Diptera, (Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Fragmenta Dipterologica, 13:15-17 [1].
  • Lehrer, A.Z., 2010, Taxonomic Atlas of the postabdominal structures. SARCOPHAGIDAE (Insecta, Diptera), vol. 1, Entomologica, Bari, 42 : 3–459, 418 figs.
  • Lehrer, A. Z. & Fromunda V., 1986, Le développement larvaire du diptèremyiasigène Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) (Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Bull. Ann. Soc. r. bege Ent., 122:129-136
  • Lehrer A., Lehrer M. & Verstraeten C., 1988, Les myiases causées aux moutons de Roumanie par Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) (Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Ann. Méd. Vét., 132:475-481.
  • Lehrer, A. Z. & Luciano P., 1980, Sarcophagides (Diptera) parasites de Porthetria dispar (L.) en Sardaigne et leur cartographie dans le reseau U.T.M. Studi Sassaresi, Sez. III, Ann. Fac. Agraria Univ. Sassari, 27:161- 173.
  • Lehrer, A. Z. & Verstraeten C., 1991, Expansion parasitologique et géographique de Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) en Roumanie. Bull. Rech. Agron. Gembloux, 26(4):563-567.
  • Leonide, J. & Leonide J.-C. (1986), Les diptères sarcophagidés des orthoptères français – essai biotaxonomie. Université de Provence (Aix-en-Provence), 1–301.
  • Meigen, J.W. (1826), Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekte. Fünfter Teil, Schulz, Hamm., 1–412. Mihàlyi, F. (1975), Beschreibung vier neuer Sarcophagidae Arten aus Ungarn (Diptera), Acta zool. hung., 21:101-108.
  • Mihàlyi, F., (1979b), Fémeslefgyek - Húslegyek. Calliphoridae – Sarcophagidae. Fauna Hung., 135:1-152.
  • Pape, T. (1987), The Sarcophagidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna ent. scand., 19:1-203.
  • Pape, T., 1996, Catalogue of the Sarcophagidae of the World (Insecta:Diptera). Mem. on Entomology, Intern., vol. 8, 558 p.
  • Povolny D. & Verves, YU.G. (1997), The flesh-flies of Central Europa (Insecta, Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Spixiana. Supplement, München, 24 :1-260.
  • Rohdendorf, B.B. (1937), Fam. Sarcophagidae. (P. 1). Faune de l'URSS, 19:1-501 [In Russian with German summary].
  • Salem, H.H. (1935), The Egyptian species of the genus Sarcophaga. Publ. Egypt. Univ. Fac. Med., 5:1-61.
  • Seguy, E. (1941), Études sur les mouches parasites. 2. Calliphoridae, calliphorines (suite), sarcophagines et rhinophorines de l'Europe occidentale et méridionale, Encycl. ent. (Ser. A), 21:1-436.
  • Senior-White, R.A., Aubertin, D. & Smart, J. (1940), Diptera. Family Calliphoridae. The fauna of British India, including the remainder of the Oriental Region. Vol. VI. London, 1–288.
  • Thompson, F.C. & Pont, A.C., 1993, Systematic Database of Musca Names (Diptera). These Zoologicae, 20, 221 p.
  • Verves, YU. G. (1982), 64h. Sarcophaginae. Die Fliegen der plaearktischen Region, Stuttgart, Bd. 11, Lf. 327:235-296.
  • Verves, YU. G. (1985), 64h. Sarcophaginae. Die Fliegen der plaearktischen Region, Stuttgart, Bd. 11, Lf. 330:297-440.
  • Zumpt, F. (1972), Calliphoridae (Diptera Cyclorhapha). Part IV. Sarcophaginae. Explor. Parc nat. Albert, Miss. G.F. de Witte (1933-1935), 101:1-264.

See also edit

Species lists edit

References edit

  1. ^ Alcock, A. (1911). Entomology for Medical Officers. London: Gurney & Jackson.
  2. ^ Richards, O. W.; Davies, R.G. (1977). Imms' General Textbook of Entomology: Volume 1: Structure, Physiology and Development Volume 2: Classification and Biology. Berlin: Springer. ISBN 0-412-61390-5.
  3. ^ "Thomas Pape".
  4. ^ "Thomas Pape".
  5. ^ "Thomas Pape".

Pape, T., Dahlem, G., Mello Patiu, C.A. de & Giroux, M. 25 June 2010. The World of Flesh Flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). [2] 2019-08-02 at the Wayback Machine Accessed on [4 April 2012].

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sarcophagidae.
 
Wikispecies has information related to Sarcophagidae.
  • "Sarcophagidae Central" Overview, Identification Annotated bibliography etc. 2010-12-04 at the Wayback Machine
  • The Definitive website Thomas Pape 2019-08-02 at the Wayback Machine
  • Flesh Fly: Sarcophaga sp. Diagnostic photographs, descriptions and information; female specimen
  • Flesh Fly: Bellieria sp. Photographs, descriptions and information; female specimen
  • Family description and images
  • Images from Diptera info
  • Useful site for diagnostic features. In easily understood French
  • Total recoil: Survival of the primmest Instance of human myiasis.

February 15, 2024
flesh, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, january, 2012, learn, when, remove, this, template, message, sarcophagi. This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations January 2012 Learn how and when to remove this template message Sarcophagidae from Ancient Greek sar3 sarx flesh and fageῖn phagein to eat 1 are a family of flies commonly known as flesh flies They differ from most flies in that they are ovoviviparous opportunistically depositing hatched or hatching maggots instead of eggs on carrion dung decaying material or open wounds of mammals hence their common name Some flesh fly larvae are internal parasites of other insects such as Orthoptera and some in particular the Miltogramminae are kleptoparasites of solitary Hymenoptera 2 The adults mostly feed on fluids from animal bodies nectar sweet foods fluids from animal waste and other organic substances Juveniles need protein to develop and may be laid on carrion dung or sweet plant foods including fruit nuts and artificial foodstuffs Flesh fliesSarcophaga bercaeaScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ArthropodaClass InsectaOrder DipteraSection SchizophoraSubsection CalyptrataeSuperfamily OestroideaFamily SarcophagidaeMacquart 1834SubfamiliesMiltogramminae Paramacronychiinae Sarcophaginae Contents 1 Diagnostic characteristics 2 Taxonomy 3 Biology 4 Association with disease 5 Identification 6 Catalogues 6 1 Principal bibliographic sources 7 See also 8 Species lists 9 References 10 External linksDiagnostic characteristics edit nbsp Wing venation of Sarcophagidae nbsp Sarcophaga nodosa feeding on decaying flesh nbsp Sarcophagid showing basally plumose aristaMembers of the subfamily Sarcophaginae are small to large flies 0 16 0 9 inches 4 1 22 9 mm with black and gray longitudinal stripes on the thorax and checkering on the abdomen Other key features include red eyes and a bristled abdomen Abdominal sternites II and III are free and cover the margins of tergites The posthumeral bristles are one or two in number with the outermost pair missing The presutural bristle is located lower than the notopleural bristle and closer to the notopleural bristle than to the outermost posthumeral bristle The presutural bristle is located higher than or level with the posthumeral bristle The hindmost posthumeral bristle is located even with or toward the midline from the presutural bristle Four notopleural bristles are present and arranged in the order short long short long from front to rear Vein M1 2 anterior transverse vein medial vein 1 2 is always present and the cubitulus is strongly bent at right angles or acute vein Rs is dibranched The eyes are smooth and very rarely hairy The arista is plumose in its basal half or rarely pubescent or glabrous Taxonomy editThe family contains three subfamilies the Miltogramminae the Paramacronychiinae and the Sarcophaginae containing between them 108 genera About 2500 species are in this family Biology edit nbsp Craticulina is a genus of Miltogramminae This species is a kleptoparasite of Philanthus The arista is basally pubescent Sarcophaginae The majority of species in the large genus Sarcophaga are scavengers of small carrion such as dead insects and snails or smaller vertebrates A few species feed on larger vertebrate carcasses Flesh fly maggots occasionally eat other larvae although this is usually because the other larvae are smaller and get in the way Flesh flies and their larvae are also known to eat decaying vegetable matter and excrement and they may be found around compost piles and pit latrines 3 Miltogramminae Members of this subfamily are kleptoparasites of solitary bees and solitary wasps 4 Paramacronychiinae This subfamily includes lepidopteran predators or parasitoids Agria predators on immatures mainly prepupae of bumblebees Brachicoma and generalist scavengers and insect predators Sarcophila and Wohlfahrtia 5 Association with disease editFlesh flies can carry leprosy bacilli and can transmit intestinal pseudomyiasis to people who eat their larvae Flesh flies particularly Wohlfahrtia magnifica can also cause myiasis in animals mostly to sheep and can give them blood poisoning or asymptomatic leprosy infections Identification editGenerally only males of this family can reliably be identified to species and then only by examination of dissected genitalia The literature is incomplete or scattered for all regions References include Rokuro Kano Gordon Field Satoshi Shinonaga Fauna Japonica Sarcophagidae Insecta Diptera Biogeographical Society of Japan distributor Tokyo Electrical Engineering College Press 1967 In English Downes W L Jr Family Sarcophagidae in Stone A et al A catalog of the Diptera of America north of Mexico United States Department of Agriculture Washington D C 1965 Lehrer A Z Sarcophaginae et Paramacronychiinae du Proche Orient Insecta Diptera Sarcophagidae Pensoft Series Faunistica 60 ISSN 1312 0174 ISBN 954 642 281 9 Pensoft Publishers Sofia Moscow 165x240 keys species descriptions b w drawings and photos references index In French 2006 Lehrer A Z Sarcophaginae de l Afrique Insecta Diptera Sarcophagidae In Entomologica Bari 37 2003 5 528 in French Lehrer A Z Taxonomic Atlas of the postabdominal structures Sarcophagidae Insecta Diptera Vol 1 In Entomologica Bari 42 2010 3 459 Pape T The Sarcophagidae Diptera of Fennoscandia and Denmark Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 19 Hardback 203 pp 2 col plates 424 figures in English 1987 ISBN 90 04 08184 4 Pape T 1998 Sarcophagidae pp 649 678 in Papp L amp Darvas B eds Contributions to a manual of Palaearctic European Diptera Science Herald Budapest Pape T 1996 Catalogue of the Sarcophagidae of the world Insecta Diptera Memoirs of Entomology International 8 1 558 Rohdendorf B B Family Sarcophagidae in Bei Bienko G Ya Keys to the Insects of the European part of the USSR Fauna SSR NS 12 xv 1 496 In Russian English translation 1988 pp 1021 1096 Washington D C Rohdendorf B B 1930 1975 Sarcophaginae in Lindner E Fliegen die Palaearktischen Region 11 64h 1 232 1985 64h Sarcophaginae Lieferung 330 1 297 1993 64h Sarcophaginae Lieferung 331 1 441 90 Abbildungen figures Venturi F 1960 Sistematica e geonemia dei Sarcofagidi escl Sarcophaga s l italiani Diptera Frustula Entomologica 2 7 1 124 Verves Yu G 1986 Family Sarcophagidae In Soos A amp Papp L eds Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera 12 Akademiai Kiado Budapest Elsevier Amsterdam 58 193Catalogues editPape T 1996 Catalogue of the Sarcophagidae of the world Insecta Diptera Memoirs of Entomology International 8 1 558 Lehrer A Z 2000 Le systeme taxonomique des Sarcophaginae afrotropicales Diptera Sarcophagidae Entomologica Bari 34 41 63 Lehrer A Z 2003 Sarcophaginae de l Afrique Insecta Diptera Sarcophagidae Entomologica Bari 37 5 528 Principal bibliographic sources edit Baranov N 1925 Neue Dipteren aus Serbien Let Pol Odl Kontr Sta Topcideru Belgrad 1 1 11 Baranov N 1941 Zweiter Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Sarcophaga s l Vet Arh 11 361 404 In Croatian and German Becker T 1908 Dipteren der Kanarischen Inseln Mitt zool Mus Berlin 4 1 180 Bottcher G 1912 Die mannlichen Begattungswerkzeuge der Arten bei dem Genus Sarcophaga Meigen und ihre Bedeutung fur die Abgrenzung der Arten Dtsch ent Z 525 544 705 736 Bottcher G 1913 Die mannlichen Begattungswerkzeuge der Arten bei dem Genus Sarcophaga Meigen und ihre Bedeutung fur die Abgrenzung der Arten Dtsch ent Z 1 16 115 130 239 254 351 377 Brauer F amp Bergenstamm J E 1889 Die Zweiflugler des Keiserlichen zu Wien IV Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Muscaria Schizometopa exclusive Anthomyidae Pars I Denkschr Akad Wiss Wien 56 69 180 Brauer F amp Bergenstamm J E 1891 Die Zweiflugler des Keiserlichen zu Wien V Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Muscaria Schizometopa exclusive Anthomyidae Pars II Denkschr Akad Wiss Wien 58 39 446 Enderlein G 1928a Klassification der Sarcophagiden Sarcophagiden Studien I Arch klassifik phylogeny Ent 1 1 56 Enderlein G 1928b Sarcophgiden Studien II Konowia 7 147 153 Enderlein G 1936 22 Ordnung Zweiflugler Diptera Die Tierwelt Mitteleuropas Vol 6 Insekten Teil III Abt 16 1 259 Fan Zi De 1965 Key to the common synanthropic flies of China Academy of Sciences Peking XV 1 330 Fan Zi De ed 1992 Key to the common flies of China Second Edition Shanghai Institute of Entomology Academia Sinica 992p 40 pl Kano R Flield G amp Shinonaga S 1967 Sarcophagidae Insecta Diptera Fauna Japonica 7 1 168 41 pls Lehrer A Z 1974 Dipteres myiasigenes de la superfamille Sarcophagidea de Roumanie Acta Rer Nat Mus Nat Slov Bratislava 20 125 159 Lehrer A Z 2000a Le systeme taxonomique des Sarcophaginae afrotropicales Diptera Sarcophagidae Entomologica Bari 34 41 63 Lehrer A Z 2000b La structure de l abdomen des Sarcophaginae Diptera Sarcophagidae Entomologica Bari 34 153 169 Lehrer A Z 2003a Revision du genre Wohlfahrtia Brauer amp Bergenstamm 1889 de la faune d Israel Diptera Sarcophagidae Entomol Croat 7 nr 1 2 15 33 Lehrer A Z 2003b Sarcophaginae de l Afrique Insecta Diptera Sarcophagidae Entomologica Bari 37 5 528 Lehrer A Z 2005 Nouveaux Sarcophagides afrotropicaux et orientaux Diptera Sarcophagidae Entomologica Bari 39 5 59 Lehrer A Z 2006 Sarcophaginae et Paramacronychiinae du Proche Orient Insecta Diptera Sarcophagidae Pensoft 1 263 Lehrer A Z 2008 Le statut taxonomique des especes Musca carnaria Linnaeus 1758 et Sarcophaga carnaria Bottcher 1912 Diptera Diptera Sarcophagidae Fragmenta Dipterologica 13 15 17 1 Lehrer A Z 2010 Taxonomic Atlas of the postabdominal structures SARCOPHAGIDAE Insecta Diptera vol 1 Entomologica Bari 42 3 459 418 figs Lehrer A Z amp Fromunda V 1986 Le developpement larvaire du dipteremyiasigene Wohlfahrtia magnifica Schiner Diptera Sarcophagidae Bull Ann Soc r bege Ent 122 129 136 Lehrer A Lehrer M amp Verstraeten C 1988 Les myiases causees aux moutons de Roumanie par Wohlfahrtia magnifica Schiner Diptera Sarcophagidae Ann Med Vet 132 475 481 Lehrer A Z amp Luciano P 1980 Sarcophagides Diptera parasites de Porthetria dispar L en Sardaigne et leur cartographie dans le reseau U T M Studi Sassaresi Sez III Ann Fac Agraria Univ Sassari 27 161 173 Lehrer A Z amp Verstraeten C 1991 Expansion parasitologique et geographique de Wohlfahrtia magnifica Schiner Diptera Sarcophagidae en Roumanie Bull Rech Agron Gembloux 26 4 563 567 Leonide J amp Leonide J C 1986 Les dipteres sarcophagides des orthopteres francais essai biotaxonomie Universite de Provence Aix en Provence 1 301 Meigen J W 1826 Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekte Funfter Teil Schulz Hamm 1 412 Mihalyi F 1975 Beschreibung vier neuer Sarcophagidae Arten aus Ungarn Diptera Acta zool hung 21 101 108 Mihalyi F 1979b Femeslefgyek Huslegyek Calliphoridae Sarcophagidae Fauna Hung 135 1 152 Pape T 1987 The Sarcophagidae Diptera of Fennoscandia and Denmark Fauna ent scand 19 1 203 Pape T 1996 Catalogue of the Sarcophagidae of the World Insecta Diptera Mem on Entomology Intern vol 8 558 p Povolny D amp Verves YU G 1997 The flesh flies of Central Europa Insecta Diptera Sarcophagidae Spixiana Supplement Munchen 24 1 260 Rohdendorf B B 1937 Fam Sarcophagidae P 1 Faune de l URSS 19 1 501 In Russian with German summary Salem H H 1935 The Egyptian species of the genus Sarcophaga Publ Egypt Univ Fac Med 5 1 61 Seguy E 1941 Etudes sur les mouches parasites 2 Calliphoridae calliphorines suite sarcophagines et rhinophorines de l Europe occidentale et meridionale Encycl ent Ser A 21 1 436 Senior White R A Aubertin D amp Smart J 1940 Diptera Family Calliphoridae The fauna of British India including the remainder of the Oriental Region Vol VI London 1 288 Thompson F C amp Pont A C 1993 Systematic Database of Musca Names Diptera These Zoologicae 20 221 p Verves YU G 1982 64h Sarcophaginae Die Fliegen der plaearktischen Region Stuttgart Bd 11 Lf 327 235 296 Verves YU G 1985 64h Sarcophaginae Die Fliegen der plaearktischen Region Stuttgart Bd 11 Lf 330 297 440 Zumpt F 1972 Calliphoridae Diptera Cyclorhapha Part IV Sarcophaginae Explor Parc nat Albert Miss G F de Witte 1933 1935 101 1 264 See also editList of parasites of humansSpecies lists editNearctic Australian Oceanian Palaearctic Japan Archived 2019 05 27 at the Wayback MachineReferences edit Alcock A 1911 Entomology for Medical Officers London Gurney amp Jackson Richards O W Davies R G 1977 Imms General Textbook of Entomology Volume 1 Structure Physiology and Development Volume 2 Classification and Biology Berlin Springer ISBN 0 412 61390 5 Thomas Pape Thomas Pape Thomas Pape Pape T Dahlem G Mello Patiu C A de amp Giroux M 25 June 2010 The World of Flesh Flies Diptera Sarcophagidae 2 Archived 2019 08 02 at the Wayback Machine Accessed on 4 April 2012 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sarcophagidae nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Sarcophagidae Pape T amp Carlberg U 2001 onwards A pictorial guide to the Sarcophagidae of the world Insecta Diptera Sarcophagidae Central Overview Identification Annotated bibliography etc Archived 2010 12 04 at the Wayback Machine The Definitive website Thomas Pape Archived 2019 08 02 at the Wayback Machine Flesh Fly Sarcophaga sp Diagnostic photographs descriptions and information female specimen Flesh Fly Bellieria sp Photographs descriptions and information female specimen Family description and images Images from Diptera info Useful site for diagnostic features In easily understood French Total recoil Survival of the primmest Instance of human myiasis Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Flesh fly amp oldid 1193579595, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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