The story of Moses in Islam includes his interaction with the ruler of Egypt, named Pharaoh (Arabic: فرعون, romanized: fir'aun). The earlier story of Joseph in Islam refers to the Egyptian ruler as a king (Arabic: ملك, romanized: malik).[1] The story of Pharaoh is revealed in disjointed snippets throughout the Quran. He is first mentioned in Q2:49:
Pharaoh watches a serpent devour a demon in the presence of Moses; from a manuscript of Qisas al-Anbiya, c. 1540.
[2]Remember when we delivered you from the people of Pharaoh, who grievously oppressed you, they slew your male children, and let your females live: Therein was a great trial from your Lord.[3]
In the Quran, Pharaoh drowned, but God said that he preserved the pharaoh's body as an example for generations to come (or made an example for coming generations). Pharaoh is last mentioned in Q89:13.
Mohammad Asad in his commentary on Quran "The message of the Qur'an" reports that pharaoh and Haman were the titles of king of Egypt and high priest of Amon of the kingdom respectively at both Moses' birth story and at the Exodus of Egypt story 80 years later. Islamic literature states when the Pharaoh is informed that one of the male children would grow up to overthrow him, he orders the killing of all newborn Israelite males in order to prevent the prediction from occurring. Pharaoh's court advised him this would result in loss of manpower.[4] Therefore, they suggest that male infants should be killed in one year but spared the next.[4] Musa's brother, Harun, was born in the year when infants were spared, while Musa was born in the year when infants were to be killed.[5] In Q89:5-13 Unbelievers are warned by the fate of Ád, Thamúd, and Pharaoh[6]
When Moses ('Musa') and Aaron ('Harun') arrive in court of Pharaoh, the Pharaoh begins questioning Musa about the God he follows. The Quran narrates Musa, answering the Pharaoh:
He answered, our Lord is he who giveth all things: He hath created them, and directed them by his providence[7]
Pharaoh said, what therefore is the condition of the former generations[8]
and Musa answers that knowledge of the previous generations is with God.
The Quran also mentions the Pharaoh questioning Musa:
Pharaoh said, and who is the Lord of all creatures[9]
Musa replies that God is the lord of the heavens, the earth and what is between them. The Pharaoh then reminds Musa of his childhood with them and the killing of the man he has done.[10] Musa admits that he has committed the deed in ignorance, but insists that he is now forgiven and guided by God. Pharaoh accuses him of being mad and threatens to imprison him if he continues to proclaim that the Pharaoh is not the true god. Musa informs him that he has come with manifest signs from God.[11] When the Pharaoh demands to see the signs, Musa throws his staff to the floor, and it turns into a serpent.[12] He then draws out his hand, and it shines a bright white light. The Pharaoh's counselors advises him that this is sorcery, and on their advice he summons the best sorcerers in the kingdom. The Pharaoh challenges Musa to a battle between him and the Pharaoh's magicians, asking him to choose the day. Musa chose the day of a festival.
[2] And when they had delivered their message, Pharaoh answered, have we not brought thee up among us, when a child; and hast thou not dwelt among us for several years of thy life [13]
^ abBrannon .M. Wheeler (2002). Prophets in the Qur'an, introduction to the Qur'an and Muslim exegesis. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 174. ISBN9780826449573. from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
^Abdul-Sahib Al-Hasani Al-'amili. The Prophets, Their Lives and Their Stories. Forgotten Books. p. 282. ISBN9781605067063. from the original on 1 May 2016. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
^Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam Malik (translator), Al-Qur'an, the Guidance for Mankind - English with Arabic Text (Hardcover) ISBN0-911119-80-9
^Heribert Husse (1998). Islam, Judaism, and Christianity: Theological and Historical Affiliations. Markus Wiener Publishers. p. 94. ISBN9781558761445.
^Sohaib Sultan (2011). "Meeting Pharaoh". The Koran For Dummies. John Wiley & Sons. p. 131. ISBN9781118053980. from the original on 13 May 2016. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
^Heribert Busse (1998). Islam, Judaism, and Christianity: Theological and Historical Afflictions. Markus Wiener Publishers. p. 95. ISBN9781558761445.
^28:8-12Wherry, Elwood Morris (1896). A Complete Index to Sale's Text, Preliminary Discourse, and Notes. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, and Co. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
External linksedit
Q20:38, 50+ translations, islamawakened.com
January 01, 1970
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The story of Moses in Islam includes his interaction with the ruler of Egypt named Pharaoh Arabic فرعون romanized fir aun The earlier story of Joseph in Islam refers to the Egyptian ruler as a king Arabic ملك romanized malik 1 The story of Pharaoh is revealed in disjointed snippets throughout the Quran He is first mentioned in Q2 49 Pharaoh watches a serpent devour a demon in the presence of Moses from a manuscript of Qisas al Anbiya c 1540 2 Remember when we delivered you from the people of Pharaoh who grievously oppressed you they slew your male children and let your females live Therein was a great trial from your Lord 3 In the Quran Pharaoh drowned but God said that he preserved the pharaoh s body as an example for generations to come or made an example for coming generations Pharaoh is last mentioned in Q89 13 Contents 1 Islamic literature 2 Quranic References 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksIslamic literature editMohammad Asad in his commentary on Quran The message of the Qur an reports that pharaoh and Haman were the titles of king of Egypt and high priest of Amon of the kingdom respectively at both Moses birth story and at the Exodus of Egypt story 80 years later Islamic literature states when the Pharaoh is informed that one of the male children would grow up to overthrow him he orders the killing of all newborn Israelite males in order to prevent the prediction from occurring Pharaoh s court advised him this would result in loss of manpower 4 Therefore they suggest that male infants should be killed in one year but spared the next 4 Musa s brother Harun was born in the year when infants were spared while Musa was born in the year when infants were to be killed 5 In Q89 5 13 Unbelievers are warned by the fate of Ad Thamud and Pharaoh 6 When Moses Musa and Aaron Harun arrive in court of Pharaoh the Pharaoh begins questioning Musa about the God he follows The Quran narrates Musa answering the Pharaoh He answered our Lord is he who giveth all things He hath created them and directed them by his providence 7 Pharaoh said what therefore is the condition of the former generations 8 and Musa answers that knowledge of the previous generations is with God The Quran also mentions the Pharaoh questioning Musa Pharaoh said and who is the Lord of all creatures 9 Musa replies that God is the lord of the heavens the earth and what is between them The Pharaoh then reminds Musa of his childhood with them and the killing of the man he has done 10 Musa admits that he has committed the deed in ignorance but insists that he is now forgiven and guided by God Pharaoh accuses him of being mad and threatens to imprison him if he continues to proclaim that the Pharaoh is not the true god Musa informs him that he has come with manifest signs from God 11 When the Pharaoh demands to see the signs Musa throws his staff to the floor and it turns into a serpent 12 He then draws out his hand and it shines a bright white light The Pharaoh s counselors advises him that this is sorcery and on their advice he summons the best sorcerers in the kingdom The Pharaoh challenges Musa to a battle between him and the Pharaoh s magicians asking him to choose the day Musa chose the day of a festival Quranic References editMoses life inside the palace 2 And when they had delivered their message Pharaoh answered have we not brought thee up among us when a child and hast thou not dwelt among us for several years of thy life 13 28 7 8 Pharaoh s family take up the infant Moses 9 10 The anxiety of Moses s mother his sister watches him 11 12 Moses refuses the Egyptian nurse and his mother is employed 14 dd Returned to his mother Q28 12 13 God s revelation to Moses mother Q20 38 39 Q28 7 10 Moses preaching Q7 103 129 Q10 84 Q20 24 Q20 42 51 Q23 45 Q26 10 22 Q28 3 Q43 46 Q44 18 Q51 38 Q73 15 17 Moses met the Pharaoh Q20 58 59 Q20 64 66 Q26 38 44 The Pharaoh s magicians Q7 111 116 Q10 79 80 Q20 60 64 Q26 37 44 Moses vs the magicians Q7 115 122 Q10 80 81 Q20 61 70 Q26 43 48 Dispute among the magicians Q20 62 Q26 44 47 Moses warned the magicians Q10 81 Q20 61 Moses and Harun were suspected to be magicians too Q7 109 Q7 132 Q10 7 77 Q17 101 Q20 63 Q40 24 Q43 49 Belief of the magicians Q7 119 126 Q20 70 73 Q26 46 The belief of Asiya Q66 11 Trial to Pharaoh s family Q7 130 135 Pharaoh s weakness Q7 103 126 Q10 75 Q11 97 98 Q17 102 Q20 51 71 Q23 46 47 Q25 36 Q26 11 Q26 23 49 Q28 36 39 Q29 39 Q38 12 Q40 24 37 Q43 51 54 Q44 17 22 Q50 13 Q51 39 Q54 41 42 Q69 9 Q73 16 Q79 21 24 Moses and his followers went away Q20 77 Q26 52 63 Q44 23 24 Moses and his followers were safe Q2 50 Q7 138 Q10 90 Q17 103 Q20 78 80 Q26 65 Q37 115 116 Q44 30 31 Pharaoh s belief was too late Q10 90 Pharaoh s and his army Q2 50 Q3 11 Q7 136 137 Q8 52 54 Q10 88 92 Q17 103 Q20 78 79 Q23 48 Q25 36 Q26 64 66 Q28 40 Q29 40 Q40 45 Q43 55 56 Q44 24 29 Q51 40 Q54 42 Q69 10 Q73 16 Q79 25 Q85 17 18 Q89 13 Believer among Pharaoh s family Q40 28 45 The Pharaoh punished the Israelites Q2 49 Q7 124 141 Q10 83 Q14 6 Q20 71 Q26 22 Q26 49 Q28 4 Q40 25 The Pharaohs and Haman were among the rejected Q10 83 Q11 97 Q28 4 8 Q28 32 Q28 42 Q29 39 Q40 36 Q44 31See also editHaman Islam Qur anic Narrative Al Walid ibn Musab a character identified with the Pharoah of Moses by Arab historiansReferences edit al Tabari Muhammad ibn Jarir Translated by William Brinner 1987 The History of al Tabari Vol 2 Prophets and Patriarchs SUNY pp 161 163 a b Arabic script in Unicode symbol for a Quran verse U 06DD page 3 Proposal for additional Unicode characters Q2 49 George Sale Translation a b Brannon M Wheeler 2002 Prophets in the Qur an introduction to the Qur an and Muslim exegesis Continuum International Publishing Group p 174 ISBN 9780826449573 Archived from the original on 24 June 2016 Retrieved 7 January 2016 Abdul Sahib Al Hasani Al amili The Prophets Their Lives and Their Stories Forgotten Books p 282 ISBN 9781605067063 Archived from the original on 1 May 2016 Retrieved 7 January 2016 Muhammad Farooq i Azam Malik translator Al Qur an the Guidance for Mankind English with Arabic Text Hardcover ISBN 0 911119 80 9 Quran 20 50 George Sale translation Quran 20 51 Quran 20 51 52 Quran 26 23 Q26 23 50 translations islamawakened com Heribert Husse 1998 Islam Judaism and Christianity Theological and Historical Affiliations Markus Wiener Publishers p 94 ISBN 9781558761445 Sohaib Sultan 2011 Meeting Pharaoh The Koran For Dummies John Wiley amp Sons p 131 ISBN 9781118053980 Archived from the original on 13 May 2016 Retrieved 7 January 2016 Heribert Busse 1998 Islam Judaism and Christianity Theological and Historical Afflictions Markus Wiener Publishers p 95 ISBN 9781558761445 Q26 18 Quran George Sale Translation 28 8 12Wherry Elwood Morris 1896 A Complete Index to Sale s Text Preliminary Discourse and Notes London Kegan Paul Trench Trubner and Co nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain External links editQ20 38 50 translations islamawakened com 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