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Feminist metaphysics

January 30, 2023

Feminist metaphysics aims to question how inquiries and answers in the field of metaphysics have supported sexism.[1] Feminist metaphysics overlaps with fields such as the philosophy of mind and philosophy of self.[1] Feminist metaphysicians such as Sally Haslanger,[2] Ásta,[3] and Judith Butler[4] have sought to explain the nature of gender in the interest of advancing feminist goals. Philosophers such as Robin Dembroff[5] and Talia Mae Bettcher[6] have sought to explain the genders of transgender and non-binary people.

Social construction

Simone de Beauvoir was the first feminist theorist to distinguish sex from gender, as is suggested by her famous line, “One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman.”[4] In her seminal work The Second Sex, de Beauvoir argues that, although biological features distinguish men and women, these features neither cause nor justify the social conditions which disadvantage women.[4] Since de Beauvoir, many feminists have argued that constructed categories re-enforce social hierarchies because they appear to be natural.[7] Later theorists such as Judith Butler would challenge de Beauvoir's commitment to the pre-social existence of sex, arguing that sex is socially constructed as well as gender.[4] Feminist metaphysics has thus challenged the apparent naturalness of both sex and gender.

Another aim of feminist metaphysics has been to provide a basis for feminist activism by explaining what unites women as a group.[8] These accounts have historically centered on cisgender women, but more recent accounts have sought to include transgender women as well.[9][10][6] Robin Dembroff has introduced a metaphysical account of non-binary genders.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b Haslanger, Sally; Sveinsdóttir, Ásta Kristjana (2011). "Feminist Metaphysics". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2011 ed.). ISSN 1095-5054. OCLC 224325075.
  2. ^ Haslanger, Sally (March 2000). "Gender and Race: (What) Are They? (What) Do We Want Them To Be?". Noûs. 34 (1): 31–55. doi:10.1111/0029-4624.00201. ISSN 0029-4624.
  3. ^ Ásta (2018-08-16), Categories We Live by, Oxford University Press, pp. 127–128, doi:10.1093/oso/9780190256791.003.0008, ISBN 978-0-19-025679-1
  4. ^ a b c d Sveinsdóttir, Ásta Kristjana (2010-11-12), "The Metaphysics of Sex and Gender", Feminist Metaphysics, Springer Netherlands, pp. 47–65, doi:10.1007/978-90-481-3783-1_4, ISBN 978-90-481-3782-4
  5. ^ a b Dembroff, Robin (10 August 2019). (PDF). Philosopher's Imprint. S2CID 111381570. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 February 2020.
  6. ^ a b Bettcher, Talia. Power, Nicholas; Halwani, Raja; Soble, Alan (eds.). "Trans Women and the Meaning of "Woman"". The Philosophy of Sex: 233–250.
  7. ^ Warnke, Georgia (2008). After Identity: Rethinking Race, Sex, and Gender. Cambridge, UK & New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-88281-1. OCLC 165408056.
  8. ^ Bach, Theodore (January 2012). "Gender Is a Natural Kind with a Historical Essence". Ethics. 122 (2): 231–272. doi:10.1086/663232. ISSN 0014-1704. S2CID 143867213.
  9. ^ Jenkins, Katharine (January 2016). "Amelioration and Inclusion: Gender Identity and the Concept of Woman". Ethics. 126 (2): 394–421. doi:10.1086/683535. ISSN 0014-1704. S2CID 147699916.
  10. ^ Andler, Matthew Salett (2017-07-01). "Gender Identity and Exclusion: A Reply to Jenkins". Ethics. 127 (4): 883–895. doi:10.1086/691583. ISSN 0014-1704. S2CID 148879449.

Further reading

  • Battersby, Christine. The Phenomenal Woman: Feminist Metaphysics and the Patterns of Identity. New York: Routledge, 1998. ISBN 978-0-415-92035-3 OCLC 37742199
  • Howell, Nancy R. A Feminist Cosmology: Ecology, Solidarity, and Metaphysics. Amherst, N.Y.: Humanity Books, 2000. ISBN 978-1-573-92653-9 OCLC 36713191
  • Raschke, Debrah. Modernism, Metaphysics, and Sexuality. Selinsgrove: Susquehanna University Press, 2006. ISBN 978-1-575-91106-9 OCLC 63679917
  • Witt, Charlotte. Feminist Metaphysics Explorations in the Ontology of Sex, Gender and the Self. Dordrecht: Springer, 2010. ISBN 978-9-048-137831 OCLC 695386850
  • Schües, Christina, Dorothea Olkowski, and Helen Fielding. Time in Feminist Phenomenology. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2011. ISBN 978-0-253-00160-3 OCLC 747431814
  • Witt, Charlotte. The Metaphysics of Gender. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. ISBN 978-0-199-74040-6 OCLC 706025098

January 30, 2023
feminist, metaphysics, aims, question, inquiries, answers, field, metaphysics, have, supported, sexism, overlaps, with, fields, such, philosophy, mind, philosophy, self, feminist, metaphysicians, such, sally, haslanger, Ásta, judith, butler, have, sought, expl. Feminist metaphysics aims to question how inquiries and answers in the field of metaphysics have supported sexism 1 Feminist metaphysics overlaps with fields such as the philosophy of mind and philosophy of self 1 Feminist metaphysicians such as Sally Haslanger 2 Asta 3 and Judith Butler 4 have sought to explain the nature of gender in the interest of advancing feminist goals Philosophers such as Robin Dembroff 5 and Talia Mae Bettcher 6 have sought to explain the genders of transgender and non binary people Social construction EditSimone de Beauvoir was the first feminist theorist to distinguish sex from gender as is suggested by her famous line One is not born but rather becomes a woman 4 In her seminal work The Second Sex de Beauvoir argues that although biological features distinguish men and women these features neither cause nor justify the social conditions which disadvantage women 4 Since de Beauvoir many feminists have argued that constructed categories re enforce social hierarchies because they appear to be natural 7 Later theorists such as Judith Butler would challenge de Beauvoir s commitment to the pre social existence of sex arguing that sex is socially constructed as well as gender 4 Feminist metaphysics has thus challenged the apparent naturalness of both sex and gender Another aim of feminist metaphysics has been to provide a basis for feminist activism by explaining what unites women as a group 8 These accounts have historically centered on cisgender women but more recent accounts have sought to include transgender women as well 9 10 6 Robin Dembroff has introduced a metaphysical account of non binary genders 5 References Edit a b Haslanger Sally Sveinsdottir Asta Kristjana 2011 Feminist Metaphysics In Zalta Edward N ed The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Winter 2011 ed ISSN 1095 5054 OCLC 224325075 Haslanger Sally March 2000 Gender and Race What Are They What Do We Want Them To Be Nous 34 1 31 55 doi 10 1111 0029 4624 00201 ISSN 0029 4624 Asta 2018 08 16 Categories We Live by Oxford University Press pp 127 128 doi 10 1093 oso 9780190256791 003 0008 ISBN 978 0 19 025679 1 a b c d Sveinsdottir Asta Kristjana 2010 11 12 The Metaphysics of Sex and Gender Feminist Metaphysics Springer Netherlands pp 47 65 doi 10 1007 978 90 481 3783 1 4 ISBN 978 90 481 3782 4 a b Dembroff Robin 10 August 2019 Beyond Binary Genderqueer as Critical Gender Kind PDF Philosopher s Imprint S2CID 111381570 Archived from the original PDF on 27 February 2020 a b Bettcher Talia Power Nicholas Halwani Raja Soble Alan eds Trans Women and the Meaning of Woman The Philosophy of Sex 233 250 Warnke Georgia 2008 After Identity Rethinking Race Sex and Gender Cambridge UK amp New York Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 88281 1 OCLC 165408056 Bach Theodore January 2012 Gender Is a Natural Kind with a Historical Essence Ethics 122 2 231 272 doi 10 1086 663232 ISSN 0014 1704 S2CID 143867213 Jenkins Katharine January 2016 Amelioration and Inclusion Gender Identity and the Concept of Woman Ethics 126 2 394 421 doi 10 1086 683535 ISSN 0014 1704 S2CID 147699916 Andler Matthew Salett 2017 07 01 Gender Identity and Exclusion A Reply to Jenkins Ethics 127 4 883 895 doi 10 1086 691583 ISSN 0014 1704 S2CID 148879449 Further reading EditBattersby Christine The Phenomenal Woman Feminist Metaphysics and the Patterns of Identity New York Routledge 1998 ISBN 978 0 415 92035 3 OCLC 37742199 Howell Nancy R A Feminist Cosmology Ecology Solidarity and Metaphysics Amherst N Y Humanity Books 2000 ISBN 978 1 573 92653 9 OCLC 36713191 Raschke Debrah Modernism Metaphysics and Sexuality Selinsgrove Susquehanna University Press 2006 ISBN 978 1 575 91106 9 OCLC 63679917 Witt Charlotte Feminist Metaphysics Explorations in the Ontology of Sex Gender and the Self Dordrecht Springer 2010 ISBN 978 9 048 137831 OCLC 695386850 Schues Christina Dorothea Olkowski and Helen Fielding Time in Feminist Phenomenology Bloomington Indiana University Press 2011 ISBN 978 0 253 00160 3 OCLC 747431814 Witt Charlotte The Metaphysics of Gender New York Oxford University Press 2011 ISBN 978 0 199 74040 6 OCLC 706025098 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Feminist metaphysics amp oldid 1134995373, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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