Federico II of Gonzaga (17 May 1500 – 28 August 1540) was the ruler of the Italian city of Mantua (first as Marquis, later as Duke) from 1519 until his death. He was also Marquis of Montferrat from 1536.
On 3 April 1519, Federico succeeded his father as Marquis of Mantua,[3] initially under the regency of his mother and his uncles Sigismondo and Giovanni Gonzaga. He received the imperial investiture from emperor Charles V on 7 April 1521. Pope Leo X named him Captain General of the Church (commander in chief of the Papal Army) in July 1521, and he fought against the French at Parma in 1521 and at Piacenza in 1522.[3]
Federico signed a marriage contract with the heir to the Marquisate of Monteferrat, Maria Palaeologina, with the aim of acquiring that land.[4] In 1528, however, in exchange for two prisoners, Pope Clement VII voided the marriage contract.[4]
Federico then signed another marriage contract with Charles V's third cousin, Julia of Aragon.[4] In lieu of this move, in 1530 he was granted the ducal title, whereby their dynasty became Dukes of Mantua.[5] However, when Boniface, Marquis of Montferrat, died from a fall from a horse on 25 March of that year, Federico paid 50,000 ducats to Charles in exchange for the annulment of the contract, and pushed the pope for the restoration of his earlier marriage agreement. When Maria also died, he was able to marry her sister Margaret on 3 October 1531.[4] At the death of the last legitimate male heir of the Palaiologos family, Giovanni Giorgio (1533), the marquisate of Montferrat passed to the Gonzaga, who held it until the 18th century.
Like his parents, he was a patron of the arts; he commissioned the Palazzo Te, designed and decorated by Giulio Romano, as his summer palace just outside Mantua.[6] Romano spent 16 years as court artist under Federico's patronage. He also bought and commissioned several paintings from Titian, and had his portrait painted by both Titian and Raphael.
Federico suffered long from syphilis, like his father.[7] He died on 28 June 1540 at his villa at Marmirolo.[7] His son Francesco briefly held the title of 2nd Duke of Mantua before dying in his teens; the second son, Gugliemo, became 3rd Duke of Mantua as well as Duke of Montferrat and carried on the line.
Family and issueedit
Coat of arms of Federigo II
Federico and Margaret were parents to seven children:
Cockram, Sarah D. P. (2013). Isabella d'Este and Francesco Gonzaga: power sharing at the Italian Renaissance Court. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing Ltd. ISBN9781409448310. OCLC 855504802.
Fenlon, Iain (1980). Music and Patronage in Sixteenth-Century Mantua. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press.
Hickson, Sally Anne (2016). Women, Art and Architectural Patronage in Renaissance Mantua: Matrons, Mystics, and Monasteries. Routledge.
Murphy, Paul V. (2007). Ruling Peacefully: Cardinal Ercole Gonzaga and Patrician Reform in Sixteenth-Century Italy. Catholic University of America Press.
Parrott, David (1997). "The Mantuan Succession, 1627–31: A Sovereignty Dispute in Early Modern Europe". The English Historical Review. CXII, Issue 445, February (445). Oxford Academic: 20–65. doi:10.1093/ehr/CXII.445.20.
de Pins, Jean (2007). Letters and Letter Fragments. Librairie Droz S.A.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua.
federico, gonzaga, duke, mantua, federico, gonzaga, 1500, august, 1540, ruler, italian, city, mantua, first, marquis, later, duke, from, 1519, until, death, also, marquis, montferrat, from, 1536, federico, gonzagaportrait, federico, gonzaga, titianmarquis, man. Federico II of Gonzaga 17 May 1500 28 August 1540 was the ruler of the Italian city of Mantua first as Marquis later as Duke from 1519 until his death He was also Marquis of Montferrat from 1536 Federico II GonzagaPortrait of Federico II Gonzaga by TitianMarquis of MantuaReign3 April 1519 25 March 1530PredecessorFrancesco IIDuke of MantuaReign25 March 1530 28 June 1540SuccessorFrancesco IIIMarquis of MontferratReign30 April 1533 28 June 1540PredecessorJohn GeorgeSuccessorFrancesco IIIBorn 1500 05 17 17 May 1500Mantua Margravate of MantuaDied28 August 1540 1540 08 28 aged 40 Marmirolo Duchy of MantuaSpouseMargaret PaleologinaIssueFrancesco III Gonzaga Duke of MantuaIsabella GonzagaGuglielmo Gonzaga Duke of MantuaLouis Gonzaga Duke of NeversFederico Gonzaga Cardinal of MonferratoHouseGonzagaFatherFrancesco II Gonzaga Marquess of MantuaMotherIsabella d Este Contents 1 Biography 2 Family and issue 3 Ancestry 4 See also 5 References 6 Sources 7 External linksBiography edit nbsp Portrait of Federico II age 10 soon after becoming a hostage by Francesco Francia Federico was son of Francesco II Gonzaga Marquess of Mantua and Isabella d Este 1 Due to the turbulent politics of the time from the age of ten he spent three years as a hostage in Rome under Pope Julius II 2 From 1515 to 1517 Federico was the hostage of King Francis I of France to ensure Gonzaga assistance in Italy 2 On 3 April 1519 Federico succeeded his father as Marquis of Mantua 3 initially under the regency of his mother and his uncles Sigismondo and Giovanni Gonzaga He received the imperial investiture from emperor Charles V on 7 April 1521 Pope Leo X named him Captain General of the Church commander in chief of the Papal Army in July 1521 and he fought against the French at Parma in 1521 and at Piacenza in 1522 3 Federico signed a marriage contract with the heir to the Marquisate of Monteferrat Maria Palaeologina with the aim of acquiring that land 4 In 1528 however in exchange for two prisoners Pope Clement VII voided the marriage contract 4 Federico then signed another marriage contract with Charles V s third cousin Julia of Aragon 4 In lieu of this move in 1530 he was granted the ducal title whereby their dynasty became Dukes of Mantua 5 However when Boniface Marquis of Montferrat died from a fall from a horse on 25 March of that year Federico paid 50 000 ducats to Charles in exchange for the annulment of the contract and pushed the pope for the restoration of his earlier marriage agreement When Maria also died he was able to marry her sister Margaret on 3 October 1531 4 At the death of the last legitimate male heir of the Palaiologos family Giovanni Giorgio 1533 the marquisate of Montferrat passed to the Gonzaga who held it until the 18th century Like his parents he was a patron of the arts he commissioned the Palazzo Te designed and decorated by Giulio Romano as his summer palace just outside Mantua 6 Romano spent 16 years as court artist under Federico s patronage He also bought and commissioned several paintings from Titian and had his portrait painted by both Titian and Raphael Federico suffered long from syphilis like his father 7 He died on 28 June 1540 at his villa at Marmirolo 7 His son Francesco briefly held the title of 2nd Duke of Mantua before dying in his teens the second son Gugliemo became 3rd Duke of Mantua as well as Duke of Montferrat and carried on the line Family and issue edit nbsp Coat of arms of Federigo II Federico and Margaret were parents to seven children Eleonora Gonzaga Anna Gonzaga Francesco III Gonzaga Duke of Mantua 10 March 1533 22 February 1550 8 Isabella Gonzaga married Francesco Ferdinando d Avalos 9 Guglielmo Gonzaga Duke of Mantua 24 April 1538 14 August 1587 married Archduchess Eleanor of Austria 8 Louis Gonzaga Duke of Nevers 22 October 1539 23 October 1595 Father of Charles I Duke of Mantua 8 Cardinal Federico Gonzaga 1540 21 February 1565 Ancestry editAncestors of Federico II Gonzaga Duke of Mantua16 Gianfrancesco I Gonzaga8 Ludovico III Gonzaga Marquis of Mantua17 Paola Malatesta4 Federico I Gonzaga Marquess of Mantua18 John Margrave of Brandenburg Kulmbach 9 Barbara of Brandenburg19 Barbara of Saxe Wittenberg2 Francesco II Gonzaga Marquess of Mantua20 Ernest Duke of Bavaria10 Albert III Duke of Bavaria21 Elisabetta Visconti5 Margaret of Bavaria22 Eric I Duke of Brunswick Grubenhagen11 Anna of Brunswick Grubenhagen Einbeck23 Elisabeth of Brunswick Gottingen1 Federico II Gonzaga Duke of Mantua24 Alberto d Este12 Niccolo III d Este Marquis of Ferrara25 Isotta Albaresani6 Ercole I d Este Duke of Ferrara26 Thomas III Marquess of Saluzzo13 Ricciarda Marchioness of Saluzzo27 Marguerite de Pierrepont3 Isabella d Este28 Alfonso V of Aragon14 Ferdinand I of Naples29 Giraldona Carlino7 Eleanor of Naples30 Tristan of Clermont15 Isabella of Clermont31 Catherine of TarantoSee also editSack of Rome Italian WarsReferences edit Hickson 2016 p 87 a b Murphy 2007 p 159 a b de Pins 2007 p 267 a b c d Fenlon 1980 p 48 de Pins 2007 p 268 Cockram 2013 p 58 a b Hickson 2016 p 101 a b c Parrott 1997 p 22 Hickson 2016 p 127 Sources editCockram Sarah D P 2013 Isabella d Este and Francesco Gonzaga power sharing at the Italian Renaissance Court Farnham Ashgate Publishing Ltd ISBN 9781409448310 OCLC 855504802 Fenlon Iain 1980 Music and Patronage in Sixteenth Century Mantua Vol 1 Cambridge University Press Hickson Sally Anne 2016 Women Art and Architectural Patronage in Renaissance Mantua Matrons Mystics and Monasteries Routledge Murphy Paul V 2007 Ruling Peacefully Cardinal Ercole Gonzaga and Patrician Reform in Sixteenth Century Italy Catholic University of America Press Parrott David 1997 The Mantuan Succession 1627 31 A Sovereignty Dispute in Early Modern Europe The English Historical Review CXII Issue 445 February 445 Oxford Academic 20 65 doi 10 1093 ehr CXII 445 20 de Pins Jean 2007 Letters and Letter Fragments Librairie Droz S A External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Federico II Gonzaga Duke of Mantua Biography in Italian Federico II Gonzaga Duke of MantuaHouse of GonzagaBorn 17 May 1500 28 August Regnal titles Preceded byFrancesco II Marquis of Mantua1519 1530 Elevated to Duke New title Duke of Mantua1530 1540 Succeeded byFrancesco III VacantSpanish occupationTitle last held byJohn George Palaeologus Marquess of Montferrat1533 1540 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Federico II Gonzaga Duke of Mantua amp oldid 1219998709, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
