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Far future in fiction

December 20, 2023

The far future has been used as a setting in many works of science fiction. The far future setting arose in the late 19th century, as earlier writers had little understanding of concepts such as deep time and its implications for the nature of humankind. Classic examples of this genre include works such as H.G. Wells' The Time Machine (1895) or Olaf Stapledon's Last and First Men (1930). Recurring themes include themes such as Utopias, eschatology or the ultimate fate of the universe. Many works also overlap with other genres such as space opera, science fantasy or apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction.

A fictional vision from 1922 of a floating city in 10,000 years, illustrating a Hugo Gernsback speculative article.

Genre origins edit

Brian Stableford and David Langford argue that the genre could not exist until the true scale of geological time, and the theory of evolution and its implications for the nature of humankind, were fully understood.[1] Likewise, Russell Blackford tied the emergence of the genre with the more recent concept of deep time.[2]

Examples edit

As a result, the earliest stories in the genre date to the end of the 19th century, and include W.H. Hudson's A Crystal Age (1887) and H.G. Wells' The Time Machine (1895).[1] Classic examples of the genre from the first half of the 20th century include Olaf Stapledon's Last and First Men (1930) and Arthur C. Clarke's Against the Fall of Night (1948).[1][2] Later examples include Brian Aldiss' The Long Afternoon of Earth (1962), Michael Moorcock's Dancers at the End of Time series (1972–1976), Stephen Baxter's Xeelee Sequence series (1986-), Paul J. McAuley's Confluence trilogy (1997-1999) and Alastair Reynolds's Revelation Space series (2000-), as well as numerous works by Robert Silverberg, Doris Piserchia and Michael G. Coney.[1][2][3]

The far future fantasy subgenre begun with Clark Ashton Smith's Zothique stories (representing the far future fantasy subgenre), with the first work in the series published in 1932, with other influential authors here being Jack Vance (Dying Earth, 1950) Damian Broderick (Sorcerer's World, 1970) and Gene Wolfe (The Book of the New Sun, 1980).[2][3]

Short stories about far future have been collected in a number of anthologies, such as Far Futures (1997) and One Million AD (2006).[1]

Themes edit

The concept of the far future is hard to define precisely, but a common element of such stories is to show the society that is "so completely transformed from the present day as to be almost unrecognizable".[2] George Mann noted that the common themes in far future works are those of "entropy and dissolution".[3]

Future of human evolution is considered a classic theme, harking to H.G. Wells' The Time Machine and its division of the human race into two subspecies, the Eloi and the Morlocks. Many later works build on this idea, exploring futures in which humans themselves evolve into post-material forms of energy or software, and this theme.[2][3][4]

Another recurring theme is the post-apocalyptic one, related to the Dying Earth genre, or the suppression of humanity by more powerful beings, such as robots, artificial intelligences, technologically advanced aliens, or god-like beings of pure energy.[1][2][3] Where humanity is not being eradicated, space travel and time travel theme also make relatively frequent appearances, as tools of sufficiently advanced, future civilizations; the former theme also marks an overlap with the more epic works of the space opera genre.[1]

Some writers attempt to outline a future history of mankind or even the universe, with one of the first works attempting this being the Olaf Stapledon, whose 1930 classic work was entitled Last and First Men: A Story of the Near and Far Future.[3]

Sometimes the far future genre moves from science fiction to fantasy, showing a society where civilization has regressed to the point where older technologies are no longer understood and are seen as magic. This subgenre is sometimes known as the "far future fantasy"[2] and partially overlaps with the science fantasy genre.[3] At the same time, the relics of a technological past "protruding into a more primitive... landscape", a theme known as the "Ruined earth", have been described as "among the most potent of SF's icons".[5]

Dutch historian and sociologist Fred Polak distinguished between two categories of works about the future, "future of prophecy" and "future of destiny". The former is concerned about the present and uses the future as an opportunity to warn about the dangers of the present that should be avoided, often touching upon dystopian themes. The latter category is broader and concerned more with exploring philosophical themes such as Utopias, eschatology or the ultimate fate of the universe.[1]

George Mann observed that this genre has produced "many excellent allegorical or moral tales".[3] Russell Blackford concurred with this sentiment, however also noted that "some critics" have pointed to "essential conservatism" and "lack of social relevance" in far future narratives, as contrasted with near future ones, and those realistic predictions of far future are impossible, as humanity in the far future if it exists, is likely to be beyond our comprehension.[2]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Stableford, Brian; Langford, David (11 August 2018). "Themes : Far Future : SFE : Science Fiction Encyclopedia". sf-encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Blackford, Russell (2005). "Far Future". In Westfahl, Gary (ed.). The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy: Themes, Works, and Wonders. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 280–282. ISBN 978-0-313-32951-7.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h Mann, George (1 March 2012). "Far Future". The Mammoth Encyclopedia of Science Fiction. Little, Brown Book Group. pp. 481–482. ISBN 978-1-78033-704-3.
  4. ^ Westfahl, Gary (2021-07-19). "Far Future". Science Fiction Literature through History: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 283–285. ISBN 978-1-4408-6617-3.
  5. ^ "Themes : Ruined Earth : SFE : Science Fiction Encyclopedia". www.sf-encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2021-08-20.

Further reading edit

  • Piercy, Marge (2003). Envisioning the Future: Science Fiction and the Next Millennium. Wesleyan University Press. ISBN 978-0-8195-6652-2.

December 20, 2023
future, fiction, future, been, used, setting, many, works, science, fiction, future, setting, arose, late, 19th, century, earlier, writers, little, understanding, concepts, such, deep, time, implications, nature, humankind, classic, examples, this, genre, incl. The far future has been used as a setting in many works of science fiction The far future setting arose in the late 19th century as earlier writers had little understanding of concepts such as deep time and its implications for the nature of humankind Classic examples of this genre include works such as H G Wells The Time Machine 1895 or Olaf Stapledon s Last and First Men 1930 Recurring themes include themes such as Utopias eschatology or the ultimate fate of the universe Many works also overlap with other genres such as space opera science fantasy or apocalyptic and post apocalyptic fiction A fictional vision from 1922 of a floating city in 10 000 years illustrating a Hugo Gernsback speculative article Contents 1 Genre origins 2 Examples 3 Themes 4 See also 5 References 6 Further readingGenre origins editBrian Stableford and David Langford argue that the genre could not exist until the true scale of geological time and the theory of evolution and its implications for the nature of humankind were fully understood 1 Likewise Russell Blackford tied the emergence of the genre with the more recent concept of deep time 2 Examples editAs a result the earliest stories in the genre date to the end of the 19th century and include W H Hudson s A Crystal Age 1887 and H G Wells The Time Machine 1895 1 Classic examples of the genre from the first half of the 20th century include Olaf Stapledon s Last and First Men 1930 and Arthur C Clarke s Against the Fall of Night 1948 1 2 Later examples include Brian Aldiss The Long Afternoon of Earth 1962 Michael Moorcock s Dancers at the End of Time series 1972 1976 Stephen Baxter s Xeelee Sequence series 1986 Paul J McAuley s Confluence trilogy 1997 1999 and Alastair Reynolds s Revelation Space series 2000 as well as numerous works by Robert Silverberg Doris Piserchia and Michael G Coney 1 2 3 The far future fantasy subgenre begun with Clark Ashton Smith s Zothique stories representing the far future fantasy subgenre with the first work in the series published in 1932 with other influential authors here being Jack Vance Dying Earth 1950 Damian Broderick Sorcerer s World 1970 and Gene Wolfe The Book of the New Sun 1980 2 3 Short stories about far future have been collected in a number of anthologies such as Far Futures 1997 and One Million AD 2006 1 Themes editThe concept of the far future is hard to define precisely but a common element of such stories is to show the society that is so completely transformed from the present day as to be almost unrecognizable 2 George Mann noted that the common themes in far future works are those of entropy and dissolution 3 Future of human evolution is considered a classic theme harking to H G Wells The Time Machine and its division of the human race into two subspecies the Eloi and the Morlocks Many later works build on this idea exploring futures in which humans themselves evolve into post material forms of energy or software and this theme 2 3 4 Another recurring theme is the post apocalyptic one related to the Dying Earth genre or the suppression of humanity by more powerful beings such as robots artificial intelligences technologically advanced aliens or god like beings of pure energy 1 2 3 Where humanity is not being eradicated space travel and time travel theme also make relatively frequent appearances as tools of sufficiently advanced future civilizations the former theme also marks an overlap with the more epic works of the space opera genre 1 Some writers attempt to outline a future history of mankind or even the universe with one of the first works attempting this being the Olaf Stapledon whose 1930 classic work was entitled Last and First Men A Story of the Near and Far Future 3 Sometimes the far future genre moves from science fiction to fantasy showing a society where civilization has regressed to the point where older technologies are no longer understood and are seen as magic This subgenre is sometimes known as the far future fantasy 2 and partially overlaps with the science fantasy genre 3 At the same time the relics of a technological past protruding into a more primitive landscape a theme known as the Ruined earth have been described as among the most potent of SF s icons 5 Dutch historian and sociologist Fred Polak distinguished between two categories of works about the future future of prophecy and future of destiny The former is concerned about the present and uses the future as an opportunity to warn about the dangers of the present that should be avoided often touching upon dystopian themes The latter category is broader and concerned more with exploring philosophical themes such as Utopias eschatology or the ultimate fate of the universe 1 George Mann observed that this genre has produced many excellent allegorical or moral tales 3 Russell Blackford concurred with this sentiment however also noted that some critics have pointed to essential conservatism and lack of social relevance in far future narratives as contrasted with near future ones and those realistic predictions of far future are impossible as humanity in the far future if it exists is likely to be beyond our comprehension 2 See also editFar future in religion Hard science fiction Near future in fiction Omega Point Technological singularity Timeline of the far futureReferences edit a b c d e f g h Stableford Brian Langford David 11 August 2018 Themes Far Future SFE Science Fiction Encyclopedia sf encyclopedia com Retrieved 2 October 2020 a b c d e f g h i Blackford Russell 2005 Far Future In Westfahl Gary ed The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy Themes Works and Wonders Greenwood Publishing Group pp 280 282 ISBN 978 0 313 32951 7 a b c d e f g h Mann George 1 March 2012 Far Future The Mammoth Encyclopedia of Science Fiction Little Brown Book Group pp 481 482 ISBN 978 1 78033 704 3 Westfahl Gary 2021 07 19 Far Future Science Fiction Literature through History An Encyclopedia ABC CLIO pp 283 285 ISBN 978 1 4408 6617 3 Themes Ruined Earth SFE Science Fiction Encyclopedia www sf encyclopedia com Retrieved 2021 08 20 Further reading editPiercy Marge 2003 Envisioning the Future Science Fiction and the Next Millennium Wesleyan University Press ISBN 978 0 8195 6652 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Far future in fiction amp oldid 1171723891, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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