Fanta
Fanta (/ˈfæntə/) is an American-owned brand of fruit-flavored carbonated soft drink created by Coca-Cola Deutschland under the leadership of German businessman Max Keith. There are more than 200 flavors worldwide. Fanta originated in Germany as a Coca-Cola alternative in 1941 due to the American trade embargo of Nazi Germany, which affected the availability of Coca-Cola ingredients. Fanta soon dominated the German market with three million cases sold in 1943. The current formulation of Fanta, with orange flavor, was developed in Italy in 1955.
| Manufacturer | The Coca-Cola Company |
|---|---|
| Country of origin | Germany (beverage) Italy (orange version) Algeria (strawberry version) Brazil (grape version) Costa Rica (Colita version) Sri Lanka (Portello version) United Kingdom (fruit twist version) |
| Introduced | 1941[1] |
| Variants | See International availability |
| Related products | Royal Tru, Sunkist, Crush, Slice, Hit, Mirinda, Tango, Bluna, Lilt. |
| Website | fanta |
History edit
Wartime product edit
During the Second World War, the United States established a trade embargo against Nazi Germany, making the export of Coca-Cola syrup difficult.[2] To circumvent this, Max Keith, the head of Coca-Cola Deutschland (Coca-Cola GmbH), decided to create a new product for the German market, using only ingredients available in Germany at the time, including sugar beet, whey (a cheese byproduct), and apple pomace. He later described them as the "leftovers of leftovers".[2][3] The name was the result of a brainstorming session, which started with Keith's exhorting his team to "use their imagination" (Fantasie in German), to which one of his salesmen, Joe Knipp, retorted "Fanta!".[3]
The German plant was cut off from Coca-Cola headquarters following America's entry into the war after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. After the war, the Coca-Cola Company regained control of the plant, formula, and the trademarks to the new Fanta product—as well as the plant profits made during the war.[2][3]
In 1943, 3 million cases of Fanta were sold in Germany. Many bottles were not consumed as a beverage but used as a cooking ingredient to add sweetness and flavor to soups and stews, as sugar was severely rationed.[2][3]
During the war, the Dutch Coca-Cola plant in Amsterdam (N.V. Nederlandse Coca-Cola Maatschappij) suffered the same difficulties as the German Coca-Cola plant. Keith put the Fanta brand at the disposal of the Dutch Coca-Cola plant, of which he had been appointed the official caretaker. Dutch Fanta had a different recipe from German Fanta, elderberries being one of the main ingredients.[4]
Fanta production was discontinued in 1949. In 1955, in Naples, production of a new formulation with oranges began.[5]
Modern product edit
Following the launch of several drinks by Pepsi-Cola in the 1950s, Società Napoletana Imbottigliamento Bevande Gassate (SNIBEG) relaunched Fanta in 1955 with a different formulation. In 1960 Coca-Cola bought the brand, distributing it worldwide. The drink was heavily marketed in Europe, Asia, Africa, and South America, although it did not become widely available in the United States until the 1960s because the company feared it would undermine the strong market position of their flagship cola.[6] Even then, its availability was limited especially after the 1980s due to sister brand Minute Maid selling similar products under its own name. In 2001, Fanta received a national push due to the U.S.'s growing Hispanic population and the drink's proven popularity in Latin America.[7]
The modern-day orange Fanta was first produced in Naples, Italy in 1955 by a local bottling plant using locally sourced oranges.[8][9][10] The design of the classic annulated bottle comes from these years.
Marketing edit
75th anniversary version edit
In February 2015, a 75th-anniversary version of Fanta was released in Germany. Packaged in glass bottles evoking the original design and with an authentic original wartime flavor including 30% whey and pomace, it is described on the packaging as "less sweet" and a German original. An associated television ad referenced the history of the drink and said the Coca-Cola company wanted to bring back "the feeling of the Good Old Times" which was interpreted by many to mean Nazi rule. The ad was subsequently replaced.[12][13]
International availability edit
There are more than 200 flavors worldwide; the recipes can differ per country.[citation needed] The Orange flavor recipe outside the US contains orange juice,[14] while the American version does not.[15]
In Mexico, Fanta is made with sugar whereas the US version uses high fructose corn syrup. In the UK, the sugar content was reduced in 2017 to 4.6g per 100ml in the standard version (non-sugar free) to ensure that the product was below the 5g that would incur the country's sugary drink tax. This was a third lower than the recipe used before 2016, as some of the sugar was replaced by sweeteners.[16]
In Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Poland, Serbia, Romania, Sweden, and some other European countries, there is Fanta Shokata (a wordplay on "soc" which means both "elderberry" and "shock" in Romanian) based on an elderflower blossom extract drink. In Russia, however, "Shokata" is the rebranding of Fanta Citrus, which is more like a common lemonade. This version of the drink is clear, like ordinary lemonade, while the bottle is blue-colored.[17]
In early February 2023, The Coca Cola Company announced that Lilt (a pineapple and grapefruit soft drink sold in countries such as the UK and the Republic of Ireland) would be rebranded as Fanta Pineapple and Grapefruit flavor on 14 February 2023.[18]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Oord, Christian (February 6, 2019). "Was Fanta Really Invented in Germany?". warhistoryonline.com.
- ^ a b c d Mikkelson, Barbara (April 29, 2011). "The Reich Stuff?". Snopes. Retrieved March 11, 2012.
- ^ a b c d Pendergrast, Mark (1993). For God, Country and Coca-Cola: The Unauthorized History of the Great American Soft Drink and the Company That Makes it. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. ISBN 9780684193472.
- ^ "Nederlandse oorlogs-Fanta | Peter Zwaal".
- ^ Petit, Zachary. "Exclusive: Fanta's new logo ditches the fruit, just like its soda". Fast Company. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
- ^ "Why do foreigners like Fanta so much". Slate. August 2010.
- ^ "Remember Fanta? : Business World | the Journal Record". March 6, 2002.
- ^ "How Fanta was invented in Nazi Germany to quench people's thirst for Coke". www.thelocal.de. May 23, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2019.
- ^ . www.sibeg.it. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2019.
- ^ . The Coca-Cola Company (in Italian). Archived from the original on July 17, 2019. Retrieved March 17, 2019.
- ^ . Universal Media. Archived from the original on November 27, 2014. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
- ^ "Coca-Cola pulls German Fanta ad over Nazi controversy". AOL Money. March 5, 2015.
- ^ Snyder, Benjamin (March 3, 2015). "Coke pulls Fanta ad over Nazi controversy". Fortune. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
- ^ "Fanta Orange". Retrieved July 31, 2018.
- ^ . smartlabel.coca-colaproductfacts.com. Archived from the original on July 29, 2018. Retrieved July 31, 2018.
- ^ "Fanta changes recipe to swerve sugar tax as part of 'biggest shakeup in brand's history'".
- ^ "В России появился новый вкус Fanta Shokata Цитрус".
- ^ "Lilt drink brand to be scrapped and renamed Fanta". www.bbc.co.uk. BBC News. February 13, 2023. Retrieved February 13, 2023.
External links edit
- Official website
- "Why Coca-Cola Invented Fanta In Nazi Germany". Business Insider. November 8, 2019. Archived from the original on December 21, 2021.
- "Coca Cola and the war". Digger History.