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Extreme Light Infrastructure

February 16, 2024

The Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI ERIC) is a research organization with the world's largest collection of high power-lasers.[1] ELI operates several high-power, high-repetition-rate laser systems which enable the research of physical, chemical, materials, and medical sciences.[2]

The ELI Beamlines Facility located in Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic

The organization consists of three complementary facilities,[3] as well as collaborations with universities and research labs across the world. One of the facilities is ELI Beamlines, located outside of Prague in Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic;[4] another facility, ELI Alps, is located in Szeged, Hungary;[5] and the third facility is located in Măgurele, Romania (ELI Nuclear Physics, abbreviated as ELI NP).[6]

History edit

The Extreme Light Infrastructure project started as a bottom-up initiative by the European scientific laser community and the network of large national laser facilities, LASERLAB-EUROPE. In 2005, Gérard Mourou, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2018, first proposed the idea of building lasers with 10 to even 100 petawatt output power. In 2006, ELI joined the ESFRI roadmap.[7] From 2007 to 2010 ELI entered into a European-Commission-funded preparatory phase, comprising 40 laboratories from 13 countries. Gérard Mourou, the initiator of the ELI project, was the coordinator of the preparatory phase. During this 3-year Preparatory Phase, the 'ELI White Book' was compiled in a coordinated effort by more than 100 scientific authors from 13 countries under the leadership of Gérard Mourou.[8] In addition, the ELI Consortium was set up.[9]

At the meeting of the Steering Committee in October 2009 in Prague, the ELI Preparatory Phase Consortium officially gave the mandate to the Czech Republic, Hungary and Romania to proceed towards the construction of ELI.[10] On December 10, 2010, at the end of the preparatory phase, the project was fully handed over to the ELI Delivery Consortium, consisting of representatives from the three host countries. ERDF funding of the ELI-Beamlines facility in the Czech Republic was granted by the European Commission on April 20, 2011, followed by ELI-Nuclear Physics in Romania on September 18, 2012. Funding for the ELI-ALPS facility in Hungary was granted in early 2014.

The ELI Delivery Consortium International Association (ELI-DC) was founded on April 11, 2013, as an international non-profit association under Belgian law (AISBL). The Association's purpose was to promote the development of the project, and to support the coordinated implementation of the ELI research facilities. ELI-DC was also responsible for the establishment of the ELI European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC).

On the 30th of April 2021, the European Commission granted ELI the legal status of an ERIC.[11]

ELI research facilities edit

ELI Beamlines edit

 
The ELI Beamlines facility, located in the Czech Republic

ELI Beamlines is located in Dolní Břežany near Prague, Czech Republic. ELI Beamlines operates high peak-power femtosecond laser systems with high-energy and high-repetition-rate capability, as well as secondary sources (X-rays and accelerated particles).[12] The facility opened in 2015. User experiments started in 2018. There are four primary sources at ELI Beamlines, seven secondary sources and five scientific endstations and experimental platforms.[13]

ELI Beamlines Primary Sources

L1 ALLEGRA – TW laser, 100 millijoule, 1 kHz – status: in operation - The L1 ALLEGRA laser was developed in house by the ELI Beamlines laser team.[14] The concept of the laser is based entirely on amplification of frequency chirped picosecond pulses in an optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) chain consisting of a total of seven amplifiers. The OPCPA amplifier stages are pumped by precisely synchronized picosecond pulses generated by state-of-the-art thin-disk-based Yb:YAG laser systems.[15]

L2 AMOS – 100TW laser, 2 joule, 50 Hz - status: in development - The L2 AMOS laser is designed to provide 100 TW-level pulses at a high repetition rate (50 Hz) at 820 nm, falling between L1-ALLEGRA and L3-HAPLS in terms of peak power.[16] L2-DUHA is the newest of the ELI Beamlines laser systems and is currently in development with expected completion in the first half of 2024.[17]

L3 HAPLS – 1PW laser, 30 joule, 10 Hz – status: in operation - This laser system was developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, with ELI Beamlines cooperating on the development of the PW pulse compressor, the short-pulse diagnostics, and the short-pulse part controls and timing.[18] These are the highest peak-power pulsed laser diode arrays in the world.[19]

L4 ATON – 10PW laser, 2 kilojoule – status: in operation - This laser system is designed to generate an extremely high peak power of 10 PW (Petawatt) in pulses with duration of 150 fs, pulse energy 1.5 kJ and repetition rate 1 shot per minute.[20] The laser was built by the consortium of National Energetics (USA) and EKSPLA (Lithuania), with major contribution of ELI Beamlines, which developed the 10 PW compressor and participated in development of numerous subsystems including the OPCPA preamplifiers, diagnostics or integrated electronic control system.[21]

ELI-ALPS edit

ELI-ALPS is located in Szeged, in southern Hungary. The ELI-ALPS research facility in Szeged, Hungary, houses lasers which are used for the generation of ultra-intense, ultrashort pulses of laser light and various electromagnetic particles.[22] These ultrafast, high-repetition-rate bursts span a broad electromagnetic spectrum, ranging from terahertz frequencies (  Hz) to X-ray wavelengths (  to  Hz).[23] The facility contains a variety of powerful laser systems, allowing for in-depth studies of the dynamics involved in interactions between light and matter. These studies encompass both non-relativistic and relativistic speeds, allowing for the study of phenomena occurring on timescales as brief as a few femtoseconds.[24] The facility opened in 2017. User experiments started in 2018.

ELI-ALPS laser systems
Laser Source Central Wavelength Pulse Energy Pulse Duration Repetition Rate Peak Power Average Power
HR 1 1030 nm 1 mJ 7 fs 100 kHz 200 GW 100 W
HR 2 1030 nm 5 mJ 6.7 fs 100 kHz 1 TW 500 W
SYLOS 2 900 nm 35 mJ 7 fs 1 kHz 5 TW 35 W
SYLOS ALIGNMENT 850 nm 40 mJ 12 fs 10 Hz 3 TW 0.4 W
HF PW 800 nm 34 J 17 fs 10 Hz 2 PW 340 W
MIR 2.8–4 μm 150 μJ 40 fs 100 kHz 3 GW 15 W
THz pump 1 μm 500 mJ 500 fs 50 Hz 1 TW 25 W

ELI NP edit

ELI NP (Nuclear Physics) is located in Măgurele, Romania. It will host two machines, a very high intensity laser, where beams from two 10 PW lasers are coherently added to get intensities of the order of   –   W/  , and a very intense, brilliant gamma beam obtained by incoherent Compton back scattering of a laser light off a brilliant electron beam from a conventional linear accelerator.[25] Applications include frontier fundamental physics, new nuclear physics, astrophysics, nuclear materials and radioactive waste management. ELI NP is the largest investment ever made in scientific research in Romania , co-financed by the European Commission and the Romanian Government from Structural Funds via the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).[26]

In a decision made during ELI ERIC's 8th General Assembly (GA) Meeting on 13 June 2023, Romania was accepted as a Founding Observer to ELI ERIC.[27] The facility will be integrated into the ELI ERIC organization over the next three years.[28]

ELI-NP Controversy edit

Romania's journey to join the ELI ERIC consortium has been controversial due to a protracted legal disagreement over the construction of a gamma beam at the ELI-NP facility.[29] Romania's national institute of physics, IFIN-HH, and the EuroGammaS consortium became embroiled in this dispute,[30] which spiraled into a larger legal dispute involving contractual disagreements. The contention reached a climax when the Franco-Italian consortium EuroGammaS halted work on the gamma beam,[31][32] alleging non-compliance of the building with equipment specifications. In response, IFIN-HH sought delay penalties and even hinted at canceling the €67 million contract. As counteraction, EuroGammaS initiated a legal battle in Bucharest, demanding contract extensions and fine reimbursements.[33]

Such disagreements led to Romania's omission from the ELI-ERIC consortium when it was officially launched in 2021. In May 2021, a significant turn of events occurred when the Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, and Lithuania, with the UK as a founding observer, applied to the European Commission to form the ELI-ERIC, excluding Romania.[34] This exclusion was met with resistance from the management of ELI-NP, which criticized the decision as an attempt to "isolate" the Bucharest facility and called for the application's rejection.[35] The ongoing litigation and political nuances created a divide. Romania felt blindsided by the decision to proceed without them, whereas the consortium claimed Romanian stakeholders were informed. Additionally, there were differing visions about the operational autonomy of each laser site within the ERIC. While the Czech Republic and Hungary advocated for an integrated international facility, Romania sought greater autonomy, aiming to leverage its funding surplus to aid local research projects.[36]

Romania has since secured a "founding observer" status in the consortium, which may eventually lead to full membership in the organization.[37] Following the EuroGammaS contract's termination, the responsibility was passed to a US company, Lyncean Technologies, with a €42 million deal. The controversy continued as Lyncean declared bankruptcy, leaving the gamma beam project in limbo.[38][39] Financial pressures also loom large, with the €300 million project heavily reliant on EU structural funds, necessitating its completion by 2023 to preserve funding.[40]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. 2022. p. 10.
  2. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. 2022. p. 10.
  3. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. pp. 10–11.
  4. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. p. 10.
  5. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. p. 11.
  6. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. p. 52.
  7. ^ "ELI ERIC Extreme Light Infrastructure | ESFRI Roadmap 2021". ESFRI.
  8. ^ "ELI Background and History". ELI ERIC.
  9. ^ "ELI Background and History". ELI ERIC.
  10. ^ "Final Report Summary - ELI-PP (Extreme Light Infrastructure Preparatory Phase)". European Commission.
  11. ^ "ELI granted ERIC status". European Commission. 22 June 2021.
  12. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. p. 36.
  13. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). 2022. pp. 40–43.
  14. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. 2022. p. 39.
  15. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. 2022. p. 39.
  16. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. 2022. p. 39.
  17. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. 2022. p. 39.
  18. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). 2022. p. 39.
  19. ^ "Lawrence Livermore deploys world's highest peak-power laser diode arrays". Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. 2015-03-12.
  20. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. 2022. p. 39.
  21. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. 2022. p. 39.
  22. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. 2022. p. 24.
  23. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. 2022. p. 24.
  24. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). 2022. p. 24.
  25. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. 2022. p. 52.
  26. ^ "ELI-NP in a nutshell". ELI-NP. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
  27. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. 2022. p. 52.
  28. ^ "The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022-2023" (PDF). ELI ERIC. 2022. p. 52.
  29. ^ Brent, Thomas (15 June 2023). "Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium". Science Business.
  30. ^ Brent, Thomas (15 June 2023). "Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium". Science Business.
  31. ^ Brent, Thomas (15 June 2023). "Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium". Science Business.
  32. ^ Zubascu, Florin (15 February 2022). "From the archives: Laser wars drag on at eastern Europe's largest research infrastructure". Science Business.
  33. ^ Brent, Thomas (15 June 2023). "Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium". Science Business.
  34. ^ Zubascu, Florin (15 February 2022). "From the archives: Laser wars drag on at eastern Europe's largest research infrastructure". Science Business.
  35. ^ "ELI-NP position regarding the application for ELI-ERIC" (PDF). ELI NP. p. 2.
  36. ^ Zubascu, Florin (15 February 2022). "From the archives: Laser wars drag on at eastern Europe's largest research infrastructure". Science Business.
  37. ^ Brent, Thomas (15 June 2023). "Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium". Science Business.
  38. ^ Cartlidge, Edwin (2 March 2022). "European laser project rocked by potential loss of gamma ray beam". Science.
  39. ^ Brent, Thomas (15 June 2023). "Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium". Science Business.
  40. ^ Brent, Thomas (15 June 2023). "Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium". Science Business.

External links edit

 
Scholia has an organization profile for Extreme Light Infrastructure.

February 16, 2024
extreme, light, infrastructure, eric, research, organization, with, world, largest, collection, high, power, lasers, operates, several, high, power, high, repetition, rate, laser, systems, which, enable, research, physical, chemical, materials, medical, scienc. The Extreme Light Infrastructure ELI ERIC is a research organization with the world s largest collection of high power lasers 1 ELI operates several high power high repetition rate laser systems which enable the research of physical chemical materials and medical sciences 2 The ELI Beamlines Facility located in Dolni Brezany Czech RepublicThe organization consists of three complementary facilities 3 as well as collaborations with universities and research labs across the world One of the facilities is ELI Beamlines located outside of Prague in Dolni Brezany Czech Republic 4 another facility ELI Alps is located in Szeged Hungary 5 and the third facility is located in Măgurele Romania ELI Nuclear Physics abbreviated as ELI NP 6 Contents 1 History 2 ELI research facilities 2 1 ELI Beamlines 2 2 ELI ALPS 2 3 ELI NP 3 ELI NP Controversy 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksHistory editThe Extreme Light Infrastructure project started as a bottom up initiative by the European scientific laser community and the network of large national laser facilities LASERLAB EUROPE In 2005 Gerard Mourou who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2018 first proposed the idea of building lasers with 10 to even 100 petawatt output power In 2006 ELI joined the ESFRI roadmap 7 From 2007 to 2010 ELI entered into a European Commission funded preparatory phase comprising 40 laboratories from 13 countries Gerard Mourou the initiator of the ELI project was the coordinator of the preparatory phase During this 3 year Preparatory Phase the ELI White Book was compiled in a coordinated effort by more than 100 scientific authors from 13 countries under the leadership of Gerard Mourou 8 In addition the ELI Consortium was set up 9 At the meeting of the Steering Committee in October 2009 in Prague the ELI Preparatory Phase Consortium officially gave the mandate to the Czech Republic Hungary and Romania to proceed towards the construction of ELI 10 On December 10 2010 at the end of the preparatory phase the project was fully handed over to the ELI Delivery Consortium consisting of representatives from the three host countries ERDF funding of the ELI Beamlines facility in the Czech Republic was granted by the European Commission on April 20 2011 followed by ELI Nuclear Physics in Romania on September 18 2012 Funding for the ELI ALPS facility in Hungary was granted in early 2014 The ELI Delivery Consortium International Association ELI DC was founded on April 11 2013 as an international non profit association under Belgian law AISBL The Association s purpose was to promote the development of the project and to support the coordinated implementation of the ELI research facilities ELI DC was also responsible for the establishment of the ELI European Research Infrastructure Consortium ERIC On the 30th of April 2021 the European Commission granted ELI the legal status of an ERIC 11 ELI research facilities editELI Beamlines edit nbsp The ELI Beamlines facility located in the Czech RepublicELI Beamlines is located in Dolni Brezany near Prague Czech Republic ELI Beamlines operates high peak power femtosecond laser systems with high energy and high repetition rate capability as well as secondary sources X rays and accelerated particles 12 The facility opened in 2015 User experiments started in 2018 There are four primary sources at ELI Beamlines seven secondary sources and five scientific endstations and experimental platforms 13 ELI Beamlines Primary SourcesL1 ALLEGRA TW laser 100 millijoule 1 kHz status in operation The L1 ALLEGRA laser was developed in house by the ELI Beamlines laser team 14 The concept of the laser is based entirely on amplification of frequency chirped picosecond pulses in an optical parametric chirped pulse amplification OPCPA chain consisting of a total of seven amplifiers The OPCPA amplifier stages are pumped by precisely synchronized picosecond pulses generated by state of the art thin disk based Yb YAG laser systems 15 L2 AMOS 100TW laser 2 joule 50 Hz status in development The L2 AMOS laser is designed to provide 100 TW level pulses at a high repetition rate 50 Hz at 820 nm falling between L1 ALLEGRA and L3 HAPLS in terms of peak power 16 L2 DUHA is the newest of the ELI Beamlines laser systems and is currently in development with expected completion in the first half of 2024 17 L3 HAPLS 1PW laser 30 joule 10 Hz status in operation This laser system was developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory with ELI Beamlines cooperating on the development of the PW pulse compressor the short pulse diagnostics and the short pulse part controls and timing 18 These are the highest peak power pulsed laser diode arrays in the world 19 L4 ATON 10PW laser 2 kilojoule status in operation This laser system is designed to generate an extremely high peak power of 10 PW Petawatt in pulses with duration of 150 fs pulse energy 1 5 kJ and repetition rate 1 shot per minute 20 The laser was built by the consortium of National Energetics USA and EKSPLA Lithuania with major contribution of ELI Beamlines which developed the 10 PW compressor and participated in development of numerous subsystems including the OPCPA preamplifiers diagnostics or integrated electronic control system 21 ELI ALPS edit ELI ALPS is located in Szeged in southern Hungary The ELI ALPS research facility in Szeged Hungary houses lasers which are used for the generation of ultra intense ultrashort pulses of laser light and various electromagnetic particles 22 These ultrafast high repetition rate bursts span a broad electromagnetic spectrum ranging from terahertz frequencies 10 12 displaystyle 10 12 nbsp Hz to X ray wavelengths 10 18 displaystyle 10 18 nbsp to 10 19 displaystyle 10 19 nbsp Hz 23 The facility contains a variety of powerful laser systems allowing for in depth studies of the dynamics involved in interactions between light and matter These studies encompass both non relativistic and relativistic speeds allowing for the study of phenomena occurring on timescales as brief as a few femtoseconds 24 The facility opened in 2017 User experiments started in 2018 ELI ALPS laser systems Laser Source Central Wavelength Pulse Energy Pulse Duration Repetition Rate Peak Power Average PowerHR 1 1030 nm 1 mJ 7 fs 100 kHz 200 GW 100 WHR 2 1030 nm 5 mJ 6 7 fs 100 kHz 1 TW 500 WSYLOS 2 900 nm 35 mJ 7 fs 1 kHz 5 TW 35 WSYLOS ALIGNMENT 850 nm 40 mJ 12 fs 10 Hz 3 TW 0 4 WHF PW 800 nm 34 J 17 fs 10 Hz 2 PW 340 WMIR 2 8 4 mm 150 mJ 40 fs 100 kHz 3 GW 15 WTHz pump 1 mm 500 mJ 500 fs 50 Hz 1 TW 25 WELI NP edit ELI NP Nuclear Physics is located in Măgurele Romania It will host two machines a very high intensity laser where beams from two 10 PW lasers are coherently added to get intensities of the order of 10 23 displaystyle 10 23 nbsp 10 24 displaystyle 10 24 nbsp W c m 2 displaystyle cm 2 nbsp and a very intense brilliant gamma beam obtained by incoherent Compton back scattering of a laser light off a brilliant electron beam from a conventional linear accelerator 25 Applications include frontier fundamental physics new nuclear physics astrophysics nuclear materials and radioactive waste management ELI NP is the largest investment ever made in scientific research in Romania co financed by the European Commission and the Romanian Government from Structural Funds via the European Regional Development Fund ERDF 26 In a decision made during ELI ERIC s 8th General Assembly GA Meeting on 13 June 2023 Romania was accepted as a Founding Observer to ELI ERIC 27 The facility will be integrated into the ELI ERIC organization over the next three years 28 ELI NP Controversy editRomania s journey to join the ELI ERIC consortium has been controversial due to a protracted legal disagreement over the construction of a gamma beam at the ELI NP facility 29 Romania s national institute of physics IFIN HH and the EuroGammaS consortium became embroiled in this dispute 30 which spiraled into a larger legal dispute involving contractual disagreements The contention reached a climax when the Franco Italian consortium EuroGammaS halted work on the gamma beam 31 32 alleging non compliance of the building with equipment specifications In response IFIN HH sought delay penalties and even hinted at canceling the 67 million contract As counteraction EuroGammaS initiated a legal battle in Bucharest demanding contract extensions and fine reimbursements 33 Such disagreements led to Romania s omission from the ELI ERIC consortium when it was officially launched in 2021 In May 2021 a significant turn of events occurred when the Czech Republic Hungary Italy and Lithuania with the UK as a founding observer applied to the European Commission to form the ELI ERIC excluding Romania 34 This exclusion was met with resistance from the management of ELI NP which criticized the decision as an attempt to isolate the Bucharest facility and called for the application s rejection 35 The ongoing litigation and political nuances created a divide Romania felt blindsided by the decision to proceed without them whereas the consortium claimed Romanian stakeholders were informed Additionally there were differing visions about the operational autonomy of each laser site within the ERIC While the Czech Republic and Hungary advocated for an integrated international facility Romania sought greater autonomy aiming to leverage its funding surplus to aid local research projects 36 Romania has since secured a founding observer status in the consortium which may eventually lead to full membership in the organization 37 Following the EuroGammaS contract s termination the responsibility was passed to a US company Lyncean Technologies with a 42 million deal The controversy continued as Lyncean declared bankruptcy leaving the gamma beam project in limbo 38 39 Financial pressures also loom large with the 300 million project heavily reliant on EU structural funds necessitating its completion by 2023 to preserve funding 40 See also editStation of Extreme LightReferences edit The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC 2022 p 10 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC 2022 p 10 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC pp 10 11 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC p 10 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC p 11 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC p 52 ELI ERIC Extreme Light Infrastructure ESFRI Roadmap 2021 ESFRI ELI Background and History ELI ERIC ELI Background and History ELI ERIC Final Report Summary ELI PP Extreme Light Infrastructure Preparatory Phase European Commission ELI granted ERIC status European Commission 22 June 2021 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC p 36 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF 2022 pp 40 43 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC 2022 p 39 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC 2022 p 39 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC 2022 p 39 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC 2022 p 39 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF 2022 p 39 Lawrence Livermore deploys world s highest peak power laser diode arrays Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 2015 03 12 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC 2022 p 39 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC 2022 p 39 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC 2022 p 24 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC 2022 p 24 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF 2022 p 24 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC 2022 p 52 ELI NP in a nutshell ELI NP Retrieved 18 September 2023 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC 2022 p 52 The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Annual Report 2022 2023 PDF ELI ERIC 2022 p 52 Brent Thomas 15 June 2023 Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium Science Business Brent Thomas 15 June 2023 Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium Science Business Brent Thomas 15 June 2023 Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium Science Business Zubascu Florin 15 February 2022 From the archives Laser wars drag on at eastern Europe s largest research infrastructure Science Business Brent Thomas 15 June 2023 Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium Science Business Zubascu Florin 15 February 2022 From the archives Laser wars drag on at eastern Europe s largest research infrastructure Science Business ELI NP position regarding the application for ELI ERIC PDF ELI NP p 2 Zubascu Florin 15 February 2022 From the archives Laser wars drag on at eastern Europe s largest research infrastructure Science Business Brent Thomas 15 June 2023 Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium Science Business Cartlidge Edwin 2 March 2022 European laser project rocked by potential loss of gamma ray beam Science Brent Thomas 15 June 2023 Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium Science Business Brent Thomas 15 June 2023 Romania to gain observer status in European laser facility consortium Science Business External links edit nbsp Scholia has an organization profile for Extreme Light Infrastructure Official website ELI Beamlines website https www eli alps hu Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Extreme Light Infrastructure amp oldid 1203573833, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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