The European Data Relay System (EDRS) system is a European constellation of GEO satellites that relay information and data between satellites, spacecraft, UAVs, and ground stations. The first components (a payload and dedicated GEO satellite) were launched in 2016 and 2019.
The designers intend the system to provide almost full-time communication, even with satellites in low Earth orbit that often have reduced visibility from ground stations. It makes on-demand data available to, for example, rescue workers who want near-real-time satellite data of a crisis region.
There are a number of key services that will benefit from this system's infrastructure:
Earth Observation applications in support of time-critical and/or data-intensive services; e.g., change detection, environmental monitoring.
Government and security services that need images from key European space systems such as Global Monitoring for Environment and Security.
Emergency response and crisis intervention applications that need information and data over areas affected by natural or man-made disasters.
Security forces that transmit data to Earth observation satellites, aircraft and unmanned aerial observation vehicles, to reconfigure such systems in real time.
Weather satellite services that require the fast delivery of large quantities of data around the world.
The system has been developed as part of the ARTES 7 programme and is intended to be an independent, European satellite system that reduces time delays in the transmission of large quantities of data. The programme is similar to the American Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System that was set up to support the Space Shuttle—but EDRS is using a new generation Laser Communication Terminal (LCT) which carries data at a much larger bit rate: the laser terminal transmits 1.8 Gbit/s across 45,000 km (the distance of a LEO-GEO link),[1] while the TDRSS provides ground reception rates of 600 Mbit/s in the S-band and 800 Mbit/s in the Ku- and Ka-bands.[2]
Such a terminal was successfully tested in 2007/8 during in-orbit verification between the German radar satellite TerraSAR-X and the American NFIRE satellite, both in LEO, when it achieved 5.5 gigabits per second.[3] A similar LCT was installed on the commercial telecommunication satellite Alphasat.[4]
NetworkEdit
EDRS infrastructure consists of two geostationary optical payloads and a Ka band payload, a ground system consisting of a satellite control centre, a mission and operations centre, a feeder link ground station (FLGS), and four data ground stations.
Space SegmentEdit
The first EDRS payload, EDRS-A, comprising a laser communication terminal and a Ka band inter-satellite link, was placed on-board Eutelsat commercial telecommunication satellite, called Eutelsat 9B (COSPAR 2016-005A). The satellite was launched in January 2016 by a Proton-M rocket and will be positioned at 9°E.[5][6]
A second EDRS payload was launched aboard a dedicated spacecraft. The EDRS-C (COSPAR 2019-049A), which is also carrying a laser communication terminal, was launched on 6 August 2019[7][8] and will be positioned at 31°E.[1][9] The satellite also carries a payload meant for commercial communication satellite use, the HYLAS 3 payload. Thus the satellite is sometimes referred to as EDRS-C/HYLAS 3 or something similar.
The EDRS A and C form the initial core space infrastructure that provides direct coverage for LEO satellites over Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Americas, Asia, and the Poles. The initial plan was to develop two further spacecraft to complement the system from 2020 onwards, affording a complete coverage of the Earth and providing long-term system redundancy beyond 2030.
The EDRS-A payload as well as the EDRS-C satellite are operated by the German Space Operations Center (GSOC) of the German Aerospace Center in Oberpfaffenhofen near Munich, Germany.
Communications functionalityEdit
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (October 2021)
OperationsEdit
The first users for EDRS were the Sentinel-1 and -2 satellites of the Copernicus Programme (formerly the Global Monitoring for Environment and Security or GMES). The Sentinel satellites provide data for the operational provision of geo-information products and services throughout Europe and the globe. EDRS provides the data relay services for the Sentinel satellites since 2016, facilitating a rapid downlink of large volumes of data (including imagery, voice, and video).[11]
ImplementationEdit
EDRS is being implemented as a Public Private Partnership (PPP) between the European Space Agency (ESA) and Airbus Defence & Space (ADS, former Astrium).[12] ESA funds the infrastructure development and is the anchor customer through the Sentinel satellite missions. ADS will carry the overall responsibility for the implementation of the space segment including launch, as well as the ground segment. ADS will then[when?] take over ownership of EDRS and will provide the data transmission services to ESA and customers worldwide. [needs update]
As of May 2023[update], EDRS has over one million minutes of communications[11] with more than 75,000 successful inter-satellite links.[13][14][15]
^Williams, Matt (26 Aug 2019). "The ISS Now Has Better Internet Than Most of Us After Its Latest Upgrade". ScienceAlert. Universe Today. Retrieved 2020-06-23.
^Two years of successful operation for Germany's TerraSAR-X, the Earth observation satellite DLR June 2009
^ Alphasat Archived 2009-12-23 at the Portuguese Web Archive
^"Lift-off for Europe's space laser network". bbc.com. 30 January 2016. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
^"Arianespace selected by Airbus Defence and Space to launch EDRS-C satellite". Arianespace. 19 March 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2015.
^"Europe's EDRS-C/Hylas-3 satellite launch set for early 2018". Space Intel Report. 15 April 2017. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
^Hauschildt, Harald (2012). "European Data Relay System – one year to go!" (PDF). International Conference on Space Optical Systems and Applications (ICSOS). Retrieved 2015-09-07.
^"AUTO-TDS: ENABLING LASER COMMUNICATION NETWORKS TO AUTO DETECT INCOMING LINKS, SECURING CONNECTION AND AUTO-ROUTING THE DATA". ResearchGate. 2022-09-18. Retrieved 2023-05-04.
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EDRS SpaceDataHighway
October 20, 2023
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The European Data Relay System EDRS system is a European constellation of GEO satellites that relay information and data between satellites spacecraft UAVs and ground stations The first components a payload and dedicated GEO satellite were launched in 2016 and 2019 European Data Relay SystemMission typeData transmissionOperatorGerman Aerospace CenterWebsiteEuropean Data Relay System Contents 1 Purpose and context 2 Network 2 1 Space Segment 2 2 Ground Segment 3 Communications functionality 4 Operations 5 Implementation 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksPurpose and context EditThe designers intend the system to provide almost full time communication even with satellites in low Earth orbit that often have reduced visibility from ground stations It makes on demand data available to for example rescue workers who want near real time satellite data of a crisis region There are a number of key services that will benefit from this system s infrastructure Earth Observation applications in support of time critical and or data intensive services e g change detection environmental monitoring Government and security services that need images from key European space systems such as Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Emergency response and crisis intervention applications that need information and data over areas affected by natural or man made disasters Security forces that transmit data to Earth observation satellites aircraft and unmanned aerial observation vehicles to reconfigure such systems in real time Weather satellite services that require the fast delivery of large quantities of data around the world The system has been developed as part of the ARTES 7 programme and is intended to be an independent European satellite system that reduces time delays in the transmission of large quantities of data The programme is similar to the American Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System that was set up to support the Space Shuttle but EDRS is using a new generation Laser Communication Terminal LCT which carries data at a much larger bit rate the laser terminal transmits 1 8 Gbit s across 45 000 km the distance of a LEO GEO link 1 while the TDRSS provides ground reception rates of 600 Mbit s in the S band and 800 Mbit s in the Ku and Ka bands 2 Such a terminal was successfully tested in 2007 8 during in orbit verification between the German radar satellite TerraSAR X and the American NFIRE satellite both in LEO when it achieved 5 5 gigabits per second 3 A similar LCT was installed on the commercial telecommunication satellite Alphasat 4 Network EditEDRS infrastructure consists of two geostationary optical payloads and a Ka band payload a ground system consisting of a satellite control centre a mission and operations centre a feeder link ground station FLGS and four data ground stations Space Segment Edit The first EDRS payload EDRS A comprising a laser communication terminal and a Ka band inter satellite link was placed on board Eutelsat commercial telecommunication satellite called Eutelsat 9B COSPAR 2016 005A The satellite was launched in January 2016 by a Proton M rocket and will be positioned at 9 E 5 6 A second EDRS payload was launched aboard a dedicated spacecraft The EDRS C COSPAR 2019 049A which is also carrying a laser communication terminal was launched on 6 August 2019 7 8 and will be positioned at 31 E 1 9 The satellite also carries a payload meant for commercial communication satellite use the HYLAS 3 payload Thus the satellite is sometimes referred to as EDRS C HYLAS 3 or something similar The EDRS A and C form the initial core space infrastructure that provides direct coverage for LEO satellites over Europe the Middle East Africa the Americas Asia and the Poles The initial plan was to develop two further spacecraft to complement the system from 2020 onwards affording a complete coverage of the Earth and providing long term system redundancy beyond 2030 Ground Segment Edit The ground segment of EDRS includes three ground receiving stations located at Weilheim Germany Redu Belgium and Harwell UK The prime Mission Operations Centre is in Ottobrunn Germany while a backup centre is installed in Redu Belgium 10 The EDRS A payload as well as the EDRS C satellite are operated by the German Space Operations Center GSOC of the German Aerospace Center in Oberpfaffenhofen near Munich Germany Communications functionality EditThis section is empty You can help by adding to it October 2021 Operations EditThe first users for EDRS were the Sentinel 1 and 2 satellites of the Copernicus Programme formerly the Global Monitoring for Environment and Security or GMES The Sentinel satellites provide data for the operational provision of geo information products and services throughout Europe and the globe EDRS provides the data relay services for the Sentinel satellites since 2016 facilitating a rapid downlink of large volumes of data including imagery voice and video 11 Implementation EditEDRS is being implemented as a Public Private Partnership PPP between the European Space Agency ESA and Airbus Defence amp Space ADS former Astrium 12 ESA funds the infrastructure development and is the anchor customer through the Sentinel satellite missions ADS will carry the overall responsibility for the implementation of the space segment including launch as well as the ground segment ADS will then when take over ownership of EDRS and will provide the data transmission services to ESA and customers worldwide needs update As of May 2023 update EDRS has over one million minutes of communications 11 with more than 75 000 successful inter satellite links 13 14 15 See also EditTracking and Data Relay Satellite System of USA Artemis satellite ESA GEO satellite 2005 2014 includes optical relay Laser Communications Relay Demonstration NASA payload launched in 2021 Indian Data Relay Satellite SystemReferences Edit a b Ariane 5 VA249 Intelsat 39 EDRS C press kit PDF Aug 2019 Williams Matt 26 Aug 2019 The ISS Now Has Better Internet Than Most of Us After Its Latest Upgrade ScienceAlert Universe Today Retrieved 2020 06 23 Two years of successful operation for Germany s TerraSAR X the Earth observation satellite DLR June 2009 Alphasat Archived 2009 12 23 at the Portuguese Web Archive Lift off for Europe s space laser network bbc com 30 January 2016 Retrieved 30 January 2016 ILS to Launch Eutelsat 9B Satellite in 2015 Arianespace selected by Airbus Defence and Space to launch EDRS C satellite Arianespace 19 March 2015 Retrieved 4 October 2015 Europe s EDRS C Hylas 3 satellite launch set for early 2018 Space Intel Report 15 April 2017 Retrieved 18 August 2017 Hauschildt Harald 2012 European Data Relay System one year to go PDF International Conference on Space Optical Systems and Applications ICSOS Retrieved 2015 09 07 EDRS Operations Center a b EDRS reached 1 000 000 minutes of communications Airbus 2023 04 25 Retrieved 2023 05 04 EDRS An independent data relay system for Europe becoming reality SpaceDataHighway reaches milestone of 50 000 successful laser connections Airbus 2021 06 24 Retrieved 2023 05 04 AUTO TDS ENABLING LASER COMMUNICATION NETWORKS TO AUTO DETECT INCOMING LINKS SECURING CONNECTION AND AUTO ROUTING THE DATA ResearchGate 2022 09 18 Retrieved 2023 05 04 Heine Frank Brzoska Andrej Gregory Mark Hiemstra T Mahn Robert Pimentel Patricia Martin Zech Herwig 2023 03 15 Status on laser communication activities at Tesat Spacecom Free Space Laser Communications XXXV SPIE 12413 83 93 doi 10 1117 12 2648425 External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to European Data Relay System EDRS SpaceDataHighway EDRS at ESA website Redefining Satellite Data Transfer Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title European Data Relay System amp oldid 1180840717, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
