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Johan Ernst Gunnerus

Johan Ernst Gunnerus (26 February 1718 – 25 September 1773) was a Norwegian bishop and botanist. Gunnerus was born at Christiania. He was bishop of the Diocese of Nidaros from 1758 until his death and also a professor of theology at the University of Copenhagen.

Right Reverend

Johan Ernst Gunnerus
Born(1718-02-26)26 February 1718
Died25 September 1773(1773-09-25) (aged 55)
EducationUniversity of Copenhagen, University of Halle, University of Jena
Known forFlora Norvegica
TitleBishop
Parent(s)Erasmus Gunnerus and
Anna Gerhard
AwardsForeign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science
Scientific career
FieldsBishop, botanist, zoologist
InstitutionsBishop of the Diocese of Nidaros, Trondheim; University of Copenhagen
Author abbrev. (botany)Gunnerus
Author abbrev. (zoology)Gunnerus

Biography Edit

Gunnerus was born and raised in Christiania in Norway. He enrolled at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark in 1737, but had to postpone his studies for three years because of poverty. He studied in Copenhagen from 1740, at Halle in Germany from 1742, and at Jena from 1744, where he received his Magister degree in 1745 and in 1753 was admitted to the Faculty of Philosophy. At Jena he published extensively, notably a work on natural and international law in eight volumes. In 1754 he was recalled to Denmark and appointed Professor and Rector at Herlufsholm. In 1758 he became Bishop of the Diocese of Nidaros in Trondheim, Norway.[1]

Gunnerus was very interested in natural history and accumulated a large collection of specimens from visits to central and northern Norway. He also encouraged others to send him specimens. Together with the historians Gerhard Schöning and Peter Frederik Suhm he founded the Trondheim Society in 1760. In 1767 it received royal recognition and became the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters.

Gunnerus was vice President and Director Perpetuus of the Society from 1767 to 1773. The society began publishing its journal in 1761, entitled Det Trondhiemske Selskabs Skrifter, still published today as Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter. In 1765 Gunnerus published a description of a basking shark in this journal, giving it the scientific name Squalus maximius.

Gunnerus was the author of Flora Norvegica (1766–1776). He contributed notes on the ornithology of northern Norway to Knud Leem's Beskrivelse over Finmarkens Lapper (1767), translated into English in 1808 as An Account of the Laplanders of Finmark. In this Gunnerus was the first person to give a scientific name to the Greenshank. Gunnerus discussed a number of his findings with Carolus Linnæus, mainly known as Carl von Linné, with whom he was in correspondence. The original letters from Carolus Linnæus are held at the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters in Trondheim, while the ones from Gunnerus to Linnæus are found at the Linnean Society of London.[2]

Gunnerus was the first to suggest that since the northern lights were caused by the Sun, there also had to be auroras around the moon, Venus and Mercury.

In 1766, Gunnerus was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

Legacy Edit

The plant genus Gunnera was named after him,[a] as well as the Gunnerus Library.

See also Edit

Notes Edit

  1. ^

References Edit

  1. ^ Nordisk familjebok, p. 641.
  2. ^ A translation of Bishop Gunnerus’ description of the species Hydroides norvegicus with comments on his Serpula triquetra
  3. ^ International Plant Names Index.  Gunnerus.

External links Edit

  • Publications by Gunnerus at the Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum
  • Books by and about Gunnerus on WorldCat
  • Biography at the Nordisk familjebok (p. 641)
Religious titles
Preceded by Bishop of Trondhjem
1758–1773
Succeeded by


johan, ernst, gunnerus, february, 1718, september, 1773, norwegian, bishop, botanist, gunnerus, born, christiania, bishop, diocese, nidaros, from, 1758, until, death, also, professor, theology, university, copenhagen, right, reverendborn, 1718, february, 1718c. Johan Ernst Gunnerus 26 February 1718 25 September 1773 was a Norwegian bishop and botanist Gunnerus was born at Christiania He was bishop of the Diocese of Nidaros from 1758 until his death and also a professor of theology at the University of Copenhagen Right ReverendJohan Ernst GunnerusBorn 1718 02 26 26 February 1718Christiania NorwayDied25 September 1773 1773 09 25 aged 55 Christiania NorwayEducationUniversity of Copenhagen University of Halle University of JenaKnown forFlora NorvegicaTitleBishopParent s Erasmus Gunnerus andAnna GerhardAwardsForeign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of ScienceScientific careerFieldsBishop botanist zoologistInstitutionsBishop of the Diocese of Nidaros Trondheim University of CopenhagenAuthor abbrev botany GunnerusAuthor abbrev zoology Gunnerus Contents 1 Biography 2 Legacy 3 See also 4 Notes 5 References 6 External linksBiography EditGunnerus was born and raised in Christiania in Norway He enrolled at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark in 1737 but had to postpone his studies for three years because of poverty He studied in Copenhagen from 1740 at Halle in Germany from 1742 and at Jena from 1744 where he received his Magister degree in 1745 and in 1753 was admitted to the Faculty of Philosophy At Jena he published extensively notably a work on natural and international law in eight volumes In 1754 he was recalled to Denmark and appointed Professor and Rector at Herlufsholm In 1758 he became Bishop of the Diocese of Nidaros in Trondheim Norway 1 Gunnerus was very interested in natural history and accumulated a large collection of specimens from visits to central and northern Norway He also encouraged others to send him specimens Together with the historians Gerhard Schoning and Peter Frederik Suhm he founded the Trondheim Society in 1760 In 1767 it received royal recognition and became the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters Gunnerus was vice President and Director Perpetuus of the Society from 1767 to 1773 The society began publishing its journal in 1761 entitled Det Trondhiemske Selskabs Skrifter still published today as Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter In 1765 Gunnerus published a description of a basking shark in this journal giving it the scientific name Squalus maximius Gunnerus was the author of Flora Norvegica 1766 1776 He contributed notes on the ornithology of northern Norway to Knud Leem s Beskrivelse over Finmarkens Lapper 1767 translated into English in 1808 as An Account of the Laplanders of Finmark In this Gunnerus was the first person to give a scientific name to the Greenshank Gunnerus discussed a number of his findings with Carolus Linnaeus mainly known as Carl von Linne with whom he was in correspondence The original letters from Carolus Linnaeus are held at the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters in Trondheim while the ones from Gunnerus to Linnaeus are found at the Linnean Society of London 2 Gunnerus was the first to suggest that since the northern lights were caused by the Sun there also had to be auroras around the moon Venus and Mercury In 1766 Gunnerus was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Legacy EditThe plant genus Gunnera was named after him a as well as the Gunnerus Library See also EditCategory Taxa named by Johan Ernst GunnerusNotes Edit The standard author abbreviation Gunnerus is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name 3 References Edit Nordisk familjebok p 641 A translation of Bishop Gunnerus description of the species Hydroides norvegicus with comments on his Serpula triquetra International Plant Names Index Gunnerus External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Johan Ernst Gunnerus Publications by Gunnerus at the Gottinger Digitalisierungszentrum Books by and about Gunnerus on WorldCat Biography at the Nordisk familjebok p 641 Religious titlesPreceded byFrederik Nannestad Bishop of Trondhjem1758 1773 Succeeded byMarcus Fredrik Bang Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Johan Ernst Gunnerus amp oldid 1094752478, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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