The Latin phrase Epicuri de grege porcum (literally, "A pig from the herd of Epicurus") was a phrase first used by the Roman poet Horace. The phrase appears in an epistle to Albius Tibullus, giving advice to the moody fellow poet:[1]
inter spem curamque, timores inter et iras omnem crede diem tibi diluxisse supremum: grata superveniet quae non sperabitur hora. me pinguem et nitidum bene curata cute vises cum ridere voles, Epicuri de grege porcum.
Amid hopes and cares, amid fears and passions, believe that every day that has dawned is your last. Welcome will come to you another hour unhoped for. As for me, when you want a laugh, you will find me in fine fettle, fat and sleek, a hog from Epicurus’s herd.
Epicurus was an Ancient Greek philosopher who taught that pleasure was the natural aim of man (as well as of all living things). From the beginning, Epicureans were keen to extol man's pleasure above that of the beasts. For Epicurus, man alone had the pleasures of friendship and philosophy; indeed, philosophy gave man the important ability to drive out empty or unnatural desires.[4] The Epicurean philosopher Lucretius, in his De rerum natura, compared primitive men to "hairy boars" in their unhappiness. Only humans had the ability to cooperate and form societies which fostered pleasure.[5]Philodemus forcefully rebutted arguments that the animals, since they did not know of the Gods, were happier than humans (who fretted constantly of the Gods' existence). Animals, he alleged, had such anxieties but lacked the capacity of reason and therefore could not dispel them (as the Epicureans had succeeded at doing).[6]
Nonetheless, the Epicurean philosophy lent itself to uncharitable comparisons to the basest of animals. Epicurus's contemporary Timon of Phlius labelled him the "most piggish, most doggish" philosopher.[7] A silver cup of 30 AD uncovered at Boscoreale depicts Epicurus discoursing on pleasure as a greedy pig jumps up to steal food from the cooking pot.[8]Plutarch's humorous dialogue Gryllus has Odysseus debate with one of his men whom Circe has turned into a pig. The pig convinces him that, immune to unnatural desires and free from false beliefs, his new species's virtue and happiness is much greater than that of Odysseus's.[9]
Some Epicureans, like Horace, embraced this symbol. The pig was already a symbol of ataraxia (imperturbability) for the followers of Pyrrho, so did not have solely negative connotations. The Villa of the Papyri, the centre of a circle of Epicureans, featured a large bronze statue of a pig on its hind legs.[10]
Referencesedit
^Konstan, David (2012). "Epicurean Happiness: A Pig's Life?". Journal of Ancient Philosophy. VI (1): 1–2. doi:10.11606/issn.1981-9471.v6i1p1-22.
^Horace. Satires. Epistles. The Art of Poetry. Loeb Classical Library. Vol. 194. Translated by H. Rushton Fairclough. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1926.
^Warren, James (2002). Epicurus and Democritean Ethics. Cambridge University Press. pp. 129–130.
^Warren, Epicurus and Democritean Ethics, pp. 131-132
^ Diels, frag. 51 quoted in Warren, Epicurus and Democritean Ethics, p. 135. Timon, a Pyrrhonian, may not have meant this comment entirely negatively (see below for the association of Pyrrho with pigs).
^Warren, Epicurus and Democritean Ethics, pp. 133-134
May 04, 2024
epicuri, grege, porcum, latin, phrase, literally, from, herd, epicurus, phrase, first, used, roman, poet, horace, phrase, appears, epistle, albius, tibullus, giving, advice, moody, fellow, poet, bronze, statue, villa, papyri, centre, circle, epicureans, philod. The Latin phrase Epicuri de grege porcum literally A pig from the herd of Epicurus was a phrase first used by the Roman poet Horace The phrase appears in an epistle to Albius Tibullus giving advice to the moody fellow poet 1 A bronze statue of a pig in the Villa of the Papyri the centre of a circle of Epicureans led by Philodemus of Gadara Latin 2 English Loeb Classics 3 inter spem curamque timores inter et iras omnem crede diem tibi diluxisse supremum grata superveniet quae non sperabitur hora me pinguem et nitidum bene curata cute vises cum ridere voles Epicuri de grege porcum Amid hopes and cares amid fears and passions believe that every day that has dawned is your last Welcome will come to you another hour unhoped for As for me when you want a laugh you will find me in fine fettle fat and sleek a hog from Epicurus s herd Epicurus was an Ancient Greek philosopher who taught that pleasure was the natural aim of man as well as of all living things From the beginning Epicureans were keen to extol man s pleasure above that of the beasts For Epicurus man alone had the pleasures of friendship and philosophy indeed philosophy gave man the important ability to drive out empty or unnatural desires 4 The Epicurean philosopher Lucretius in his De rerum natura compared primitive men to hairy boars in their unhappiness Only humans had the ability to cooperate and form societies which fostered pleasure 5 Philodemus forcefully rebutted arguments that the animals since they did not know of the Gods were happier than humans who fretted constantly of the Gods existence Animals he alleged had such anxieties but lacked the capacity of reason and therefore could not dispel them as the Epicureans had succeeded at doing 6 Nonetheless the Epicurean philosophy lent itself to uncharitable comparisons to the basest of animals Epicurus s contemporary Timon of Phlius labelled him the most piggish most doggish philosopher 7 A silver cup of 30 AD uncovered at Boscoreale depicts Epicurus discoursing on pleasure as a greedy pig jumps up to steal food from the cooking pot 8 Plutarch s humorous dialogue Gryllus has Odysseus debate with one of his men whom Circe has turned into a pig The pig convinces him that immune to unnatural desires and free from false beliefs his new species s virtue and happiness is much greater than that of Odysseus s 9 Some Epicureans like Horace embraced this symbol The pig was already a symbol of ataraxia imperturbability for the followers of Pyrrho so did not have solely negative connotations The Villa of the Papyri the centre of a circle of Epicureans featured a large bronze statue of a pig on its hind legs 10 References edit Konstan David 2012 Epicurean Happiness A Pig s Life Journal of Ancient Philosophy VI 1 1 2 doi 10 11606 issn 1981 9471 v6i1p1 22 Horace Epistles 1 4 12 16 Horace Satires Epistles The Art of Poetry Loeb Classical Library Vol 194 Translated by H Rushton Fairclough Cambridge MA Harvard University Press 1926 Warren James 2002 Epicurus and Democritean Ethics Cambridge University Press pp 129 130 Warren Epicurus and Democritean Ethics pp 131 132 Warren Epicurus and Democritean Ethics p 139 Diels frag 51 quoted in Warren Epicurus and Democritean Ethics p 135 Timon a Pyrrhonian may not have meant this comment entirely negatively see below for the association of Pyrrho with pigs Warren Epicurus and Democritean Ethics p 131 Konstan Epicurean Happiness pp 5 6 Warren Epicurus and Democritean Ethics pp 133 134 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Epicuri de grege porcum amp oldid 1221783049, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
