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The Entwicklungsring Nord (Northern development circle) - abbreviated ERNO - was a 1961 joint venture of Bremen-based Weserflug and Focke-Wulf with Hamburger Flugzeugbau to develop parts for rockets and get involved in space activities.
In 1961 work began on a small, jet-powered aircraft initially styled Erno-61-4. After Weserflug and Focke Wulf formally merged into Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke (VFW) in 1964, the machine was redesignated VFW 614. The draft design was amended to a STOL 40-44 passenger jet with overwing engines, for easier operation from unprepared runways. German government subsidies enabled development to start in earnest in 1966. The first prototype started in August 1968, but then VFW and Fokker of the Netherlands formed a joint transnational holding company.
The prototype flew on 14 July 1971 but crashed next February. Two more prototypes flew in 1972. German, FAA, and French DGA certifications completed in 1974, 1975, & 1976 respectively. The collaborative production arrangements involved Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm (MBB) in Germany, Fokker VFW in the Netherlands and SABCA and Avions Fairey in Belgium. The first sale was to Cimber Air, which started commercial flights in November 1975.
The VFW-Fokker alliance affected the VFW 614 negatively, as Fokker needed to sell its competing F27 and F28.[citation needed] National subsidies were diverted to the Airbus program, and the end came for the VFW 614. On 19 August 1977 the nineteenth (including prototypes) and last machine was completed.
Few VFW 614 aircraft remained in use: The German Luftwaffe (Koln/Bonn Flugbereitschaft) continued flying VFW 614 until they finally ceased in 1998. The Luftwaffe machines went on to serve EADS/Airbus at Bremen (one aircraft for fly-by-wire development for the A380), and DLR in Braunschweig for development and research duties – the final flight of the last airworthy VFW 614 was on 7 December 2012.
Space activitiesedit
Helios, TDedit
ERNO participated in several satellite programs mostly being responsible for structure and thermal control, propulsion. A mechanically very challenging item (i.e. the antenna of the German satellite HELIOS) was manufactured by ERNO.
Spacelabedit
The European Space Agency ESA in June 1974 named a consortium headed by ERNO-VFW Fokker (Zentralgesellschaft VFW-Fokker GmbH) to build pressurized modules called Spacelab. British Aerospace, under contract to ERNO-VFW Fokker, built five 10-foot (3.0 m)-long, unpressurized, U-shaped pallet segments.
West Germany provided 53.3% of Spacelab's cost and fulfilled 52.6% of all Spacelab work contracts. ERNO VFW Fokker, in competition with MBB, submitted the winning design, and became the prime contractor for Spacelab. MBB in 1981 took over VFW Fokker. The ERNO plant in Bremen continued as the headquarters for Spacelab design, production management, component testing, and assembly.
COLUMBUSedit
The Bremen team of the new MBB-ERNO prepared the first COLUMBUS proposal as Prime Contractor based on the experiences gained on Spacelab. As next step MBB-ERNO became a section of Daimler-Benz called DASA (Daimler-Benz Aerospace). Following it became a part of EADS Astrium Space Transportation, then Airbus Defence and Space. The engineering team for crewed space developments is responsible for Columbus operations and maintenance and involved in the development of NASA's Orion program.
The Bremen launcher team was split off and integrated in Airbus Safran Launchers part of ArianeGroup.
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This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article does not cite any sources Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Entwicklungsring Nord news newspapers books scholar JSTOR September 2023 Learn how and when to remove this message You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in German December 2016 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the German article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 9 118 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at de ERNO see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated de ERNO to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Learn how and when to remove this message The Entwicklungsring Nord Northern development circle abbreviated ERNO was a 1961 joint venture of Bremen based Weserflug and Focke Wulf with Hamburger Flugzeugbau to develop parts for rockets and get involved in space activities Contents 1 Jet powered aircraft VFW 614 2 Space activities 2 1 Helios TD 2 2 Spacelab 2 3 COLUMBUS 3 Products 4 External linksJet powered aircraft VFW 614 editIn 1961 work began on a small jet powered aircraft initially styled Erno 61 4 After Weserflug and Focke Wulf formally merged into Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke VFW in 1964 the machine was redesignated VFW 614 The draft design was amended to a STOL 40 44 passenger jet with overwing engines for easier operation from unprepared runways German government subsidies enabled development to start in earnest in 1966 The first prototype started in August 1968 but then VFW and Fokker of the Netherlands formed a joint transnational holding company The prototype flew on 14 July 1971 but crashed next February Two more prototypes flew in 1972 German FAA and French DGA certifications completed in 1974 1975 amp 1976 respectively The collaborative production arrangements involved Messerschmitt Bolkow Blohm MBB in Germany Fokker VFW in the Netherlands and SABCA and Avions Fairey in Belgium The first sale was to Cimber Air which started commercial flights in November 1975 The VFW Fokker alliance affected the VFW 614 negatively as Fokker needed to sell its competing F27 and F28 citation needed National subsidies were diverted to the Airbus program and the end came for the VFW 614 On 19 August 1977 the nineteenth including prototypes and last machine was completed Few VFW 614 aircraft remained in use The German Luftwaffe Koln Bonn Flugbereitschaft continued flying VFW 614 until they finally ceased in 1998 The Luftwaffe machines went on to serve EADS Airbus at Bremen one aircraft for fly by wire development for the A380 and DLR in Braunschweig for development and research duties the final flight of the last airworthy VFW 614 was on 7 December 2012 Space activities editHelios TD edit ERNO participated in several satellite programs mostly being responsible for structure and thermal control propulsion A mechanically very challenging item i e the antenna of the German satellite HELIOS was manufactured by ERNO Spacelab edit The European Space Agency ESA in June 1974 named a consortium headed by ERNO VFW Fokker Zentralgesellschaft VFW Fokker GmbH to build pressurized modules called Spacelab British Aerospace under contract to ERNO VFW Fokker built five 10 foot 3 0 m long unpressurized U shaped pallet segments West Germany provided 53 3 of Spacelab s cost and fulfilled 52 6 of all Spacelab work contracts ERNO VFW Fokker in competition with MBB submitted the winning design and became the prime contractor for Spacelab MBB in 1981 took over VFW Fokker The ERNO plant in Bremen continued as the headquarters for Spacelab design production management component testing and assembly COLUMBUS edit The Bremen team of the new MBB ERNO prepared the first COLUMBUS proposal as Prime Contractor based on the experiences gained on Spacelab As next step MBB ERNO became a section of Daimler Benz called DASA Daimler Benz Aerospace Following it became a part of EADS Astrium Space Transportation then Airbus Defence and Space The engineering team for crewed space developments is responsible for Columbus operations and maintenance and involved in the development of NASA s Orion program The Bremen launcher team was split off and integrated in Airbus Safran Launchers part of ArianeGroup Products editForschungsflugkorper sounding rocketExternal links editVFW Fokker VFW 614 Regional jet Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Entwicklungsring Nord amp oldid 1194341672, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
