The Emperor Shenzong of Song (25 May 1048 – 1 April 1085), personal name Zhao Xu, was the sixth emperor of the Song dynasty of China. His original personal name was Zhao Zhongzhen but he changed it to "Zhao Xu" after his accession to the throne. He reigned from 1067 until his death in 1085.[citation needed]
During his reign in 1068, Emperor Shenzong became interested in Wang Anshi's policies and appointed Wang as the Chancellor. Wang implemented his famous New Policies aimed at improving the situation for the peasantry and unemployed. These acts became the hallmark reform of Emperor Shenzong's reign.
Emperor Shenzong's other notable act as emperor was his attempt to weaken the Tangut-led Western Xia state by invading and expelling the Western Xia forces from Qing prefecture (庆州, today Qingyang, Gansu Province). The Song army was initially quite successful at these campaigns, but during the battle for the city of Yongle (永乐城), in 1082, Song forces were defeated. As a result, Western Xia grew more powerful and subsequently continued to be a thorn in the side of the Song Empire over the ensuing decades.
Emperor Shenzong hired Muslim warriors from Bukhara to fight against Khitan Liao dynasty. 5,300 Muslim men from Bukhara were encouraged and invited to move to China in 1070 by the Song emperor Shenzong to help battle the Liao empire in the northeast and repopulate areas ravaged by fighting.[2] The emperor hired these men as mercenaries in his campaign against the Liao empire. Later on these men were settled between the Song capital of Bianliang (today Kaifeng) and Yenching (modern Beijing). The circuits (道) of the north and north-east were settled in 1080 when 10,000 more Muslims were invited into China.[2][3]
During Emperor Shenzong's reign, Sima Guang, a minister interested in the history of the previous 1000 years, wrote a very influential history book, the Zizhi Tongjian or A Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government. This book records historical events from the Zhou dynasty to the Song dynasty. Another notable literary achievement which occurred during his reign was the compilation of the Seven Military Classics, including the alleged forgery of the Questions and Replies between Tang Taizong and Li Weigong.[4]
Aside from the ancient Roman embassies to Han and Three-Kingdoms era China, contact with Europe remained sparse if not nonexistent before the 13th century. However, from Chinese records it is known that Michael VII Doukas (Mie li yi ling kai sa 滅力伊靈改撒) of Fo lin (i.e. the Byzantine Empire) dispatched a diplomatic mission to China's Song dynasty that arrived in 1081, during the reign of Emperor Shenzong.[5]
Emperor Shenzong died in 1085 at the age of 36 from an unspecified illness and was succeeded by his son, Zhao Xu who took the throne as Emperor Zhezong. Emperor Zhezong was underage and so Shenzong’s mother Empress Gao ruled as regent until her death.
^Maspéro, Georges (2002). The Champa Kingdom: The History of an Extinct Vietnamese Culture. White Lotus Press. p. 71. ISBN978-974-7534-99-3.
^ abH., Hagras (2019-06-01). "Xi'an Daxuexi Alley Mosque: Historical and Architectural Study". Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies. 9 (1): 97–113. doi:10.21608/ejars.2019.38462. ISSN 2090-4940.
^Israeli, Raphael (2002). Islam in China : religion, ethnicity, culture, and politics. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books. p. 283. ISBN0-7391-0375-X. OCLC 49576635.
^Sawyer, Ralph D. (1993). The Seven Military Classics of Ancient China. Westview Press. p. 489. ISBN978-0-8133-1228-6.
^Sezgin, Fuat; Ehrig-Eggert, Carl; Mazen, Amawi; Neubauer, E. (1996). نصوص ودراسات من مصادر صينية حول البلدان الاسلامية. Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Institute for the History of Arabic-Islamic Science at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University. p. 25. ISBN9783829820479.
emperor, shenzong, song, 1048, april, 1085, personal, name, zhao, sixth, emperor, song, dynasty, china, original, personal, name, zhao, zhongzhen, changed, zhao, after, accession, throne, reigned, from, 1067, until, death, 1085, citation, needed, 宋神宗palace, po. The Emperor Shenzong of Song 25 May 1048 1 April 1085 personal name Zhao Xu was the sixth emperor of the Song dynasty of China His original personal name was Zhao Zhongzhen but he changed it to Zhao Xu after his accession to the throne He reigned from 1067 until his death in 1085 citation needed Emperor Shenzong of Song 宋神宗Palace portrait on a hanging scroll kept in the National Palace Museum Taipei TaiwanEmperor of the Song dynastyReign25 January 1067 1 April 1085Coronation25 January 1067PredecessorEmperor YingzongSuccessorEmperor ZhezongBornZhao Zhongzhen 1048 1067 Zhao Xu 1067 1085 25 May 1048Died1 April 1085 1085 04 01 aged 36 BurialYongyu Mausoleum 永裕陵 in present day Gongyi Henan ConsortsEmpress Qinsheng m 1066 1085 wbr Empress Qincheng m 1068 1085 wbr Empress Qinci before 1085 wbr IssueEmperor ZhezongZhao BiEmperor HuizongZhao YuZhao ShiZhao CaiPrincess XianmuPrincess XianxiaoPrincess XianjingEra datesXining 熙寧 1068 1077Yuanfeng 元豐 1078 1085Posthumous nameEmperor Tiyuan Xiandao Fagu Lixian Dide Wanggong Yingwen Liewu Qinren Shengxiao 體元顯道法古立憲帝德王功英文烈武欽仁聖孝皇帝 conferred in 1113 Temple nameShenzong 神宗 HouseZhaoDynastySong Northern Song FatherEmperor YingzongMotherEmpress XuanrenEmperor Shenzong of SongChinese宋神宗Literal meaning Spiritual Ancestor of the Song TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinSong ShenzōngZhao XuTraditional Chinese趙頊Simplified Chinese赵顼TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhao XuZhao ZhongzhenTraditional Chinese趙仲鍼Simplified Chinese赵仲针TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhao ZhongzhenIn this Chinese name the family name is Zhao Tomb guardian at Emperor Shenzong s tomb Contents 1 Reign 2 Family 3 Ancestry 4 See also 5 ReferencesReign editDuring his reign in 1068 Emperor Shenzong became interested in Wang Anshi s policies and appointed Wang as the Chancellor Wang implemented his famous New Policies aimed at improving the situation for the peasantry and unemployed These acts became the hallmark reform of Emperor Shenzong s reign Emperor Shenzong sent failed campaigns against the Vietnamese ruler Ly Nhan Tong of the Ly dynasty in 1076 1 Emperor Shenzong s other notable act as emperor was his attempt to weaken the Tangut led Western Xia state by invading and expelling the Western Xia forces from Qing prefecture 庆州 today Qingyang Gansu Province The Song army was initially quite successful at these campaigns but during the battle for the city of Yongle 永乐城 in 1082 Song forces were defeated As a result Western Xia grew more powerful and subsequently continued to be a thorn in the side of the Song Empire over the ensuing decades Emperor Shenzong hired Muslim warriors from Bukhara to fight against Khitan Liao dynasty 5 300 Muslim men from Bukhara were encouraged and invited to move to China in 1070 by the Song emperor Shenzong to help battle the Liao empire in the northeast and repopulate areas ravaged by fighting 2 The emperor hired these men as mercenaries in his campaign against the Liao empire Later on these men were settled between the Song capital of Bianliang today Kaifeng and Yenching modern Beijing The circuits 道 of the north and north east were settled in 1080 when 10 000 more Muslims were invited into China 2 3 During Emperor Shenzong s reign Sima Guang a minister interested in the history of the previous 1000 years wrote a very influential history book the Zizhi Tongjian or A Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government This book records historical events from the Zhou dynasty to the Song dynasty Another notable literary achievement which occurred during his reign was the compilation of the Seven Military Classics including the alleged forgery of the Questions and Replies between Tang Taizong and Li Weigong 4 Aside from the ancient Roman embassies to Han and Three Kingdoms era China contact with Europe remained sparse if not nonexistent before the 13th century However from Chinese records it is known that Michael VII Doukas Mie li yi ling kai sa 滅力伊靈改撒 of Fo lin i e the Byzantine Empire dispatched a diplomatic mission to China s Song dynasty that arrived in 1081 during the reign of Emperor Shenzong 5 Emperor Shenzong died in 1085 at the age of 36 from an unspecified illness and was succeeded by his son Zhao Xu who took the throne as Emperor Zhezong Emperor Zhezong was underage and so Shenzong s mother Empress Gao ruled as regent until her death Family editConsorts and Issue Empress Qinsheng of the Xiang clan 欽聖皇后 向氏 1046 1101 Princess Shuhuai 淑懷帝姬 1067 1078 1st daughter Empress Qincheng of the Zhu clan 欽成皇后 朱氏 1052 1102 Zhao Xu Zhezong 哲宗 趙煦 1077 1100 6th son Zhao Shi Prince Churongxian 楚榮憲王 趙似 1083 1106 13th son Princess Xianjing 賢靜帝姬 1085 1115 10th daughter Married Pan Yi 潘意 in 1104 and had issue two sons Empress Qinci of the Chen clan 欽慈皇后 陳氏 1058 1089 Zhao Ji Huizong 徽宗 趙佶 1082 1135 11th son Noble Consort Yimu of the Xing clan 懿穆貴妃 邢氏 d 1103 Zhao Jin Prince Hui 惠王 趙僅 1071 2nd son Zhao Xian Prince Ji 冀王 趙僩 1074 1076 5th son Zhao Jia Prince Yudaohui 豫悼惠王 趙價 1077 1078 7th son Zhao Ti Prince Xuchonghui 徐沖惠王 趙倜 1078 1081 8th son Noble Consort of the Yang clan 懿靜貴妃 楊氏 Noble Consort of the Song clan 貴妃 宋氏 d 1117 Zhao Yi Prince Cheng 成王 趙佾 1069 1st son Zhao Jun Prince Tang aixian 唐哀獻王 趙俊 1073 1077 3rd son Princess Xianxiao 賢孝帝姬 d 1108 4th daughter Married Wang Yu 王遇 in 1097 Pure Consort of the Zhang clan 懿靜淑妃 張氏 d 1105 Princess Xianke 賢恪帝姬 d 1072 2nd daughter Virtuous Consort of the Zhu clan 德妃 朱氏 Princess Xianmu 賢穆帝姬 d 1084 Able Consort of the Wu clan 惠穆賢妃 武氏 d 1107 Zhao Bi Prince Wurongmu 吳榮穆王 趙佖 1082 1106 9th son Princess Xianhe 賢和帝姬 d 1090 Able Consort of the Lin clan 賢妃 林氏 1052 1090 personal name Zhen 貞 Zhao Yu Prince Yan 燕王 趙俁 1083 1127 12th son Princess Xianling 賢令帝姬 d 1084 7th daughter Zhao Cai Prince Yue 越王 趙偲 1085 1129 14th son Cairen of the Guo clan 才人 郭氏 Zhao Wei Prince Yi 儀王 趙偉 1082 10th son Furen of the Xiang clan 夫人 向氏 Zhao Shen Prince Bao 褒王 趙伸 1074 4th son Unknown Princess Xianmu 賢穆帝姬 d 1111 3rd daughter Married Han Jiayan 韓嘉彥 d 1129 Princess Xiankang 賢康帝姬 d 1085 Princess Xianyi 賢宜帝姬 d 1085 Ancestry editEmperor Taizong of Song 939 997 Zhao Yuanfen 969 1005 Zhao Yunrang 995 1059 Li HanbinLady LiEmperor Yingzong of Song 1032 1067 Ren GuLady RenLady ZhangEmperor Shenzong of Song 1048 1085 Gao Qiong 935 1006 Gao Jixun 959 1036 Lady LiGao ZunfuEmpress Xuanren 1032 1093 Cao Bin 931 999 Cao QiLady GaoLady CaoLady FengSee also editChinese emperors family tree middle List of emperors of the Song dynasty Architecture of the Song dynasty Culture of the Song dynasty Economy of the Song dynasty History of the Song dynasty Society of the Song dynasty Technology of the Song dynasty Wang Anshi Shen KuoReferences edit Maspero Georges 2002 The Champa Kingdom The History of an Extinct Vietnamese Culture White Lotus Press p 71 ISBN 978 974 7534 99 3 a b H Hagras 2019 06 01 Xi an Daxuexi Alley Mosque Historical and Architectural Study Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies 9 1 97 113 doi 10 21608 ejars 2019 38462 ISSN 2090 4940 Israeli Raphael 2002 Islam in China religion ethnicity culture and politics Lanham Md Lexington Books p 283 ISBN 0 7391 0375 X OCLC 49576635 Sawyer Ralph D 1993 The Seven Military Classics of Ancient China Westview Press p 489 ISBN 978 0 8133 1228 6 Sezgin Fuat Ehrig Eggert Carl Mazen Amawi Neubauer E 1996 نصوص ودراسات من مصادر صينية حول البلدان الاسلامية Frankfurt am Main Germany Institute for the History of Arabic Islamic Science at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University p 25 ISBN 9783829820479 Emperor Shenzong of SongHouse of ZhaoBorn 25 May 1048 Died 1 April 1085Regnal titlesPreceded byEmperor Yingzong Emperor of the Northern Song dynasty1067 1085 Succeeded byEmperor Zhezong Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Emperor Shenzong of Song amp oldid 1181686836, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
