Emil Kaufmann (1891 in Vienna – 1953 in Cheyenne, Wyoming) was an Austrianart and architecture historian. He was the son of Max Kaufmann (died 1902), a businessman, and Friederike Baumwald (Kaufmann) (born 1862). Kaufmann is best known for his studies of neo-classicism.
From 1913 he studied at both the University of Innsbruck and the University of Vienna. In Vienna he studied under Max Dvořák, Josef Strzygowski and Moriz Dreger in the spirit of the so-called Vienna School of Art History, such as Alois Riegl and Franz Wickhoff, who attempted to give greater objectivity to the study of art. Kaufmann fought as a soldier in World War I and afterwards attended to his studies intermittently because of illness. He received his Ph.D. in 1920, writing his dissertation under Dvořák on the development of the architecture of Ledoux and classicism.[1] After completing his studies, Kaufmann was unable to obtain an academic position and so earned a living as a bank clerk. In 1933, Kaufmann published the book Von Ledoux bis Le Corbusier, which argued for a formal aesthetic continuity between neoclassicism and modernism. It was regarded by established Austrian scholars such as Hans Sedlmayr as symptomatic of all that was bad about Modernism.[1] Christopher Wood, writing in the 2010s, called it "the most original art-historical thesis of the decade.[2]
After the Anschluss, the annexation of Austria by the Nazis, Kaufmann, a Jew, managed to emigrate to the US, where he taught art history at various universities. In 1952 he published the book Three Revolutionary Architects: Boullée, Ledoux, Lequeu. He died in Wyoming in 1953 while travelling to Los Angeles before his magnum opus, Architecture in the Age of Reason, could be completed. The work was published posthumously in 1955. His style of writing and scholarship is termed formalism, derived to an extent from the philosopher Immanuel Kant's notion of autonomy in art, from his work Critique of Judgement, where, in Kant's own words, art is "a mode of representation which is purposive for itself and which although devoid of a purpose, has the effect of advancing the culture of the mental powers in the interests of communication."[3] Kaufmann was influential on later formalistic architectural historians and critics such the British-American academic Colin Rowe in the 1950s and the Italian architect and theorist Aldo Rossi in the 1960s.
The works of Emil Kaufmannedit
Von Ledoux bis Le Corbusier. Ursprung und Entwicklung der Autonomen Architektur. Vienna: Passer, 1933.
Three Revolutionary Architects: Boullée, Ledoux and Lequeu. In Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 42, no. 3 (1952): pages 431–564.
Architecture in the Age of Reason. Baroque and Post-Baroque in England, Italy, and France. Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1955.
Die Entwürfe des Architekten Ledoux und die Àsthetik des Klassizismus. PhD dissertation Vienna,1920). Parts published as:
"Die Architekturtheorie der französischen Klassik und des Klassizismus." In: Repertorium für Kunstwissenschaft 44 (1924).
"Architektonisch Entwürfe aus der Zeit der französischen Revolution." In: Zeitschrift für bildende Kunst 64 (1929).
"Die Stadt des Architekten Ledoux: Zur Erkenntnis der autonomen Architektur. In: Kunstwissenschaftlichen Forschungen 2, no. 1 (1933).
Referencesedit
Panayotis Tournikiotis. The Historiography of Modern Architecture. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.
Gilbert Erouart, “Situations d’Emil Kaufmann." Introduction to Emil Kaufmann, Trois architectes révolutionnaires: Boullée, Ledoux, Lequeu. Paris, 1978 (Original English edition, 1952).
Meyer Schapiro, “The New Viennese School.” Review of Otto Pächt, Kunstwissenschaftliche Forschungen II. Art Bulletin 18, no. 2, (June 1936): pages 258–266.
Anthony Vidler, "Neoclassical Modernism: Emil Kaufmann", in Histories of the Immediate Present: Inventing Architectural Modernism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2008.
Notesedit
^ abPanayotis Tournikiotis, "The Historiography of Modern Architecture", MIT Press, 1999, 274. ISBN0-262-20117-8.
^Wood, Christopher S. (2019). A History of Art History. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 340. ISBN978-0-691-15652-1.
^Immanuel Kant, Critique of Judgement, Translated by James Creed Meredith, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007 (original publication date 1952), para. 44306. ISBN978-0-19-280617-8.
External linksedit
Kaufmann at the biographical Dictionary of Art Historians
January 01, 1970
emil, kaufmann, 1891, vienna, 1953, cheyenne, wyoming, austrian, architecture, historian, kaufmann, died, 1902, businessman, friederike, baumwald, kaufmann, born, 1862, kaufmann, best, known, studies, classicism, contents, career, works, references, notes, ext. Emil Kaufmann 1891 in Vienna 1953 in Cheyenne Wyoming was an Austrian art and architecture historian He was the son of Max Kaufmann died 1902 a businessman and Friederike Baumwald Kaufmann born 1862 Kaufmann is best known for his studies of neo classicism Contents 1 Career 2 The works of Emil Kaufmann 3 References 4 Notes 5 External linksCareer editFrom 1913 he studied at both the University of Innsbruck and the University of Vienna In Vienna he studied under Max Dvorak Josef Strzygowski and Moriz Dreger in the spirit of the so called Vienna School of Art History such as Alois Riegl and Franz Wickhoff who attempted to give greater objectivity to the study of art Kaufmann fought as a soldier in World War I and afterwards attended to his studies intermittently because of illness He received his Ph D in 1920 writing his dissertation under Dvorak on the development of the architecture of Ledoux and classicism 1 After completing his studies Kaufmann was unable to obtain an academic position and so earned a living as a bank clerk In 1933 Kaufmann published the book Von Ledoux bis Le Corbusier which argued for a formal aesthetic continuity between neoclassicism and modernism It was regarded by established Austrian scholars such as Hans Sedlmayr as symptomatic of all that was bad about Modernism 1 Christopher Wood writing in the 2010s called it the most original art historical thesis of the decade 2 After the Anschluss the annexation of Austria by the Nazis Kaufmann a Jew managed to emigrate to the US where he taught art history at various universities In 1952 he published the book Three Revolutionary Architects Boullee Ledoux Lequeu He died in Wyoming in 1953 while travelling to Los Angeles before his magnum opus Architecture in the Age of Reason could be completed The work was published posthumously in 1955 His style of writing and scholarship is termed formalism derived to an extent from the philosopher Immanuel Kant s notion of autonomy in art from his work Critique of Judgement where in Kant s own words art is a mode of representation which is purposive for itself and which although devoid of a purpose has the effect of advancing the culture of the mental powers in the interests of communication 3 Kaufmann was influential on later formalistic architectural historians and critics such the British American academic Colin Rowe in the 1950s and the Italian architect and theorist Aldo Rossi in the 1960s The works of Emil Kaufmann editVon Ledoux bis Le Corbusier Ursprung und Entwicklung der Autonomen Architektur Vienna Passer 1933 Three Revolutionary Architects Boullee Ledoux and Lequeu In Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 42 no 3 1952 pages 431 564 Architecture in the Age of Reason Baroque and Post Baroque in England Italy and France Cambridge Harvard University Press 1955 Die Entwurfe des Architekten Ledoux und die Asthetik des Klassizismus PhD dissertation Vienna 1920 Parts published as Die Architekturtheorie der franzosischen Klassik und des Klassizismus In Repertorium fur Kunstwissenschaft 44 1924 Architektonisch Entwurfe aus der Zeit der franzosischen Revolution In Zeitschrift fur bildende Kunst 64 1929 Die Stadt des Architekten Ledoux Zur Erkenntnis der autonomen Architektur In Kunstwissenschaftlichen Forschungen 2 no 1 1933 References editPanayotis Tournikiotis The Historiography of Modern Architecture Cambridge MA MIT Press 1999 Gilbert Erouart Situations d Emil Kaufmann Introduction to Emil Kaufmann Trois architectes revolutionnaires Boullee Ledoux Lequeu Paris 1978 Original English edition 1952 Meyer Schapiro The New Viennese School Review of Otto Pacht Kunstwissenschaftliche Forschungen II Art Bulletin 18 no 2 June 1936 pages 258 266 Anthony Vidler Neoclassical Modernism Emil Kaufmann in Histories of the Immediate Present Inventing Architectural Modernism Cambridge MA MIT Press 2008 Notes edit a b Panayotis Tournikiotis The Historiography of Modern Architecture MIT Press 1999 274 ISBN 0 262 20117 8 Wood Christopher S 2019 A History of Art History Princeton Princeton University Press p 340 ISBN 978 0 691 15652 1 Immanuel Kant Critique of Judgement Translated by James Creed Meredith Oxford Oxford University Press 2007 original publication date 1952 para 44306 ISBN 978 0 19 280617 8 External links editKaufmann at the biographical Dictionary of Art Historians Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Emil Kaufmann amp oldid 1120198042, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
