Elizabethan architecture refers to buildings of a certain style constructed during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland from 1558–1603.[1] Historically, the era sits between the long era of the dominant architectural style of religious buildings by the Catholic Church, which ended abruptly at the Dissolution of the Monasteries from c.1536, and the advent of a court culture of pan-European artistic ambition under James I (1603–25). Stylistically, Elizabethan architecture is notably pluralistic. It came at the end of insular traditions in design and construction called the Perpendicular style in the church building, the fenestration, vaulting techniques, and open truss designs of which often affected the detail of larger domestic buildings. However, English design had become open to the influence of early printed architectural texts (namely Vitruvius and Alberti) imported to England by members of the church as early as the 1480s. Into the 16th century, illustrated continental pattern-books introduced a wide range of architectural exemplars, fueled by the archaeology of classical Rome which inspired myriad printed designs of increasing elaboration and abstraction.
English Renaissance: Hardwick Hall (1590–1597), a classic prodigy house. The numerous and large mullioned windows are typically English Renaissance, while the loggia is Italian.Burghley House, completed in 1587Wollaton Hall, Nottingham, England completed in 1588 for Sir Francis Willoughby by the Elizabethan architect Robert Smythson.
As church building turned to the construction of great houses for courtiers and merchants, these novelties accompanied a nostalgia for native history as well as huge divisions in religious identity, plus the influence of continental mercantile and civic buildings. Insular traditions of construction, detail and materials never entirely disappeared. These varied influences on patrons who could favor conservatism or great originality confound attempts to neatly classify Elizabethan architecture. This era of cultural upheaval and fusions corresponds to what is often termed Mannerism and Late Cinquecento in Italy, French Renaissance architecture in France, and the Plateresque style in Spain.[1]
In contrast to her father Henry VIII, Elizabeth commissioned no new royal palaces, and very few new churches were built, but there was a great boom in building domestic houses for the well-off, largely due to the redistribution of ecclesiastical lands after the Dissolution. The most characteristic type, for the very well-off, is the showy prodigy house, using styles and decoration derived from Northern Mannerism, but with elements retaining signifies of medieval castles, such as the normally busy roof-line.
The Elizabethan era saw growing prosperity, and contemporaries remarked on the pace of secular building among the well-off. The somewhat tentative influence of Renaissance architecture is mainly seen in the great houses of courtiers, but lower down the social scale large numbers of sizeable and increasingly comfortable houses were built in developing vernacular styles by farmers and townspeople. Civic and institutional buildings were also becoming increasingly common.
Renaissance architecture had achieved some influence in England during the reign of, and mainly in the palaces of, Henry VIII, who imported a number of Italian artists. Unlike Henry, Elizabeth built no new palaces, instead encouraging her courtiers to build extravagantly and house her on her summer progresses. The style they adopted was more influenced by the Northern Mannerism of the Low countries than Italy, among other features it used versions of the Dutch gable, and Flemishstrapwork in geometric designs. Both of these features can be seen on the towers of Wollaton Hall and again at Montacute House. Flemish craftsmen succeeded the Italians that had influenced Tudor architecture; the original Royal Exchange in London (1566–1570) is one of the first important buildings designed by Henri de Paschen, an architect from Antwerp.[1] However, most continental influences came from books, and there were a number of English "master masons" who were in effect architects and in great demand, so that their work is often widely spread around the country.
Important examples of Elizabethan architecture include:
In England, the Renaissance first manifested itself mainly in the distinct form of the prodigy house, large, square, and tall houses such as Longleat House, built by courtiers who hoped to attract the queen for a ruinously expensive stay, and so advance their careers. Often these buildings have an elaborate and fanciful roofline, hinting at the evolution from medieval fortified architecture.
It was also at this time that the long gallery became popular (for the Aristocracy) in English houses. This was apparently mainly used for walking in, and a growing range of parlours and withdrawing rooms supplemented the main living room for the family, the great chamber. The great hall was now mostly used by the servants, and as an impressive point of entry to the house.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Elizabethan architecture.
Shaw, Henry (1839). Details of Elizabethan architecture. London: William Pickering – plates of architectural details
October 21, 2023
elizabethan, architecture, this, article, technical, most, readers, understand, please, help, improve, make, understandable, experts, without, removing, technical, details, august, 2019, learn, when, remove, this, template, message, refers, buildings, certain,. This article may be too technical for most readers to understand Please help improve it to make it understandable to non experts without removing the technical details August 2019 Learn how and when to remove this template message Elizabethan architecture refers to buildings of a certain style constructed during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England and Ireland from 1558 1603 1 Historically the era sits between the long era of the dominant architectural style of religious buildings by the Catholic Church which ended abruptly at the Dissolution of the Monasteries from c 1536 and the advent of a court culture of pan European artistic ambition under James I 1603 25 Stylistically Elizabethan architecture is notably pluralistic It came at the end of insular traditions in design and construction called the Perpendicular style in the church building the fenestration vaulting techniques and open truss designs of which often affected the detail of larger domestic buildings However English design had become open to the influence of early printed architectural texts namely Vitruvius and Alberti imported to England by members of the church as early as the 1480s Into the 16th century illustrated continental pattern books introduced a wide range of architectural exemplars fueled by the archaeology of classical Rome which inspired myriad printed designs of increasing elaboration and abstraction English Renaissance Hardwick Hall 1590 1597 a classic prodigy house The numerous and large mullioned windows are typically English Renaissance while the loggia is Italian Burghley House completed in 1587Wollaton Hall Nottingham England completed in 1588 for Sir Francis Willoughby by the Elizabethan architect Robert Smythson As church building turned to the construction of great houses for courtiers and merchants these novelties accompanied a nostalgia for native history as well as huge divisions in religious identity plus the influence of continental mercantile and civic buildings Insular traditions of construction detail and materials never entirely disappeared These varied influences on patrons who could favor conservatism or great originality confound attempts to neatly classify Elizabethan architecture This era of cultural upheaval and fusions corresponds to what is often termed Mannerism and Late Cinquecento in Italy French Renaissance architecture in France and the Plateresque style in Spain 1 In contrast to her father Henry VIII Elizabeth commissioned no new royal palaces and very few new churches were built but there was a great boom in building domestic houses for the well off largely due to the redistribution of ecclesiastical lands after the Dissolution The most characteristic type for the very well off is the showy prodigy house using styles and decoration derived from Northern Mannerism but with elements retaining signifies of medieval castles such as the normally busy roof line Contents 1 History 2 Surveyors architects active in this period 3 See also 4 References 5 Sources 6 External linksHistory EditThe Elizabethan era saw growing prosperity and contemporaries remarked on the pace of secular building among the well off The somewhat tentative influence of Renaissance architecture is mainly seen in the great houses of courtiers but lower down the social scale large numbers of sizeable and increasingly comfortable houses were built in developing vernacular styles by farmers and townspeople Civic and institutional buildings were also becoming increasingly common Renaissance architecture had achieved some influence in England during the reign of and mainly in the palaces of Henry VIII who imported a number of Italian artists Unlike Henry Elizabeth built no new palaces instead encouraging her courtiers to build extravagantly and house her on her summer progresses The style they adopted was more influenced by the Northern Mannerism of the Low countries than Italy among other features it used versions of the Dutch gable and Flemish strapwork in geometric designs Both of these features can be seen on the towers of Wollaton Hall and again at Montacute House Flemish craftsmen succeeded the Italians that had influenced Tudor architecture the original Royal Exchange in London 1566 1570 is one of the first important buildings designed by Henri de Paschen an architect from Antwerp 1 However most continental influences came from books and there were a number of English master masons who were in effect architects and in great demand so that their work is often widely spread around the country Important examples of Elizabethan architecture include Audley End Blickling Hall Charterhouse London Condover Hall Shropshire Danny House Hatfield House Longleat House Wollaton Hall Rainthorpe HallIn England the Renaissance first manifested itself mainly in the distinct form of the prodigy house large square and tall houses such as Longleat House built by courtiers who hoped to attract the queen for a ruinously expensive stay and so advance their careers Often these buildings have an elaborate and fanciful roofline hinting at the evolution from medieval fortified architecture It was also at this time that the long gallery became popular for the Aristocracy in English houses This was apparently mainly used for walking in and a growing range of parlours and withdrawing rooms supplemented the main living room for the family the great chamber The great hall was now mostly used by the servants and as an impressive point of entry to the house Surveyors architects active in this period EditRobert Adams 1540 1595 William Arnold fl 1595 1637 Simon Basil fl 1590 1615 Robert Lyminge fl 1607 1628 Robert Smythson 1535 1614 John Thorpe or Thorp c 1565 1655 fl 1570 1618 See also Edit nbsp architecture portalTudorbethan and Jacobethan revivals derived in part from Elizabethan architectureReferences Edit a b c Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Elizabethan Style Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 9 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 288 Sources EditAirs Malcolm The Buildings of Britain A Guide and Gazetteer Tudor and Jacobean 1982 Barrie amp Jenkins London ISBN 0091478316 Girouard Mark Life in the English Country House A Social and Architectural History 1978 Yale Penguin etc Jenkins Simon England s Thousand Best Houses 2003 Allen Lane ISBN 0713995963 Summerson John Architecture in Britain 1530 to 1830 1993 edition Yale University Press Pelican History of Art Yale University Press ISBN 0300058861 ISBN 9780300058864External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Elizabethan architecture Shaw Henry 1839 Details of Elizabethan architecture London William Pickering plates of architectural details Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Elizabethan architecture amp oldid 1151473465, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
