Elbistan
Elbistan (Old Anatolian Turkish: Ablasta, Ablastayn, Ablastin, Ablistan;[3] Kurdish: Elbistan;[4] Arabic: البستان[5]) is a district in Kahramanmaraş Province in southern Turkey. Its population is 142,548 (2019)[6] and it is the most populous district of Kahramanmaraş province. It is also the largest district of the province by area and it has the fourth largest plain in the country.
Elbistan | |
|---|---|
General view of Elbistan | |
Elbistan | |
| Coordinates: 38°12′05″N 37°11′18″E / 38.20139°N 37.18833°ECoordinates: 38°12′05″N 37°11′18″E / 38.20139°N 37.18833°E | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Kahramanmaraş |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Mehmet Gürbüz (AKP) |
| • Kaymakam | Özkan Demir |
| Area | |
| • District | 2,319.08 km2 (895.40 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,150 m (3,770 ft) |
| Population (2012)[2] | 143,000 |
| • 2013Population | 139,855 |
| • 2013Population density | 60/km2 (160/sq mi) |
| Post code | 46300 |
| Website | www.elbistan.bel.tr |
Demographics
Evliya Çelebi noted that the majority of the town's population was Turkoman in his seyahatname.[7] Currently, the majority of the population of the district is Sunni Turkish[8] with a significant Alevi and Sunni Kurdish population.[9][10] Turkish Alevis are also present.[11] The Turkmen Alevism of the region is historically rooted in the Alevi Turcoman Beylik of Dulkadir in the 14th century.[3][12]
History
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (February 2022) |
Evliya Çelebi's Seyahatnâme gives information about the region that in the mountains and towns mostly reside Turkmens who originally migrated from Bukhara.[13][14] Elbistan was known as "vilayet-i Türkmân" in the Ottoman documents.[15]
The city used to be the capital city of the Dulkadirids after capturing from Eretnids in 1337. In 1277 the Mamluks led by Sultan Baibars defeated a Mongol army in the Battle of Elbistan. The region was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire shortly before the campaign against the Mameluks of Egypt in 1512, although some local chiefdoms were given varying degrees of autonomy, notably around the localities of Haticepınar and Kasanlı.
Etymology
The name "Elbistan" was pronounced similarly in Byzantine and Islamic sources. Elbistan was known as Ablasta (Armenian: Աբլաստա) according to Armenian historians in the early 11th century. According to Baldric of Dol the city was known as "Ablistan" till 15th century. Egyptian-Mamluk historian Muhammad ibn Iyas wrote the city's name as "Albistan". Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey from Dulkadirids used the name "Elbistan" in the official documents. After Dulkadirids decided to join the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century, the current name became prevalent. Among the rural people of Elbistan it is pronounced as "Albıstan". Albistan means "the orchard" in Arabic.[16]
Climate
| Climate data for Elbistan | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 2.2 (36.0) | 4.8 (40.6) | 10.4 (50.7) | 16.7 (62.1) | 21.7 (71.1) | 26.8 (80.2) | 31.2 (88.2) | 31.4 (88.5) | 27.5 (81.5) | 20.2 (68.4) | 12.2 (54.0) | 5.1 (41.2) | 17.5 (63.5) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −6.8 (19.8) | −4.2 (24.4) | −0.1 (31.8) | 4.3 (39.7) | 7.7 (45.9) | 10.4 (50.7) | 12.4 (54.3) | 11.9 (53.4) | 7.9 (46.2) | 4.4 (39.9) | 0.4 (32.7) | −3.0 (26.6) | 3.8 (38.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 53 (2.1) | 42 (1.7) | 58 (2.3) | 54 (2.1) | 46 (1.8) | 18 (0.7) | 5 (0.2) | 4 (0.2) | 10 (0.4) | 39 (1.5) | 52 (2.0) | 56 (2.2) | 437 (17.2) |
| Source: Climate-data.org | |||||||||||||
Economy
Coal mining
The Elbistan coalfield supplies lignite to the nearby Afşin-Elbistan power stations in Afşin.
Environment
It is said that air pollution in Turkey from the nearby coal-fired power stations also affects Elbistan, as well as smoke from landfill.[17] In late 2020 the oldest plant Afşin-Elbistan A, was said by opposition MP Ali Öztunç to be still operating without filters.[18]
Population
| Total population | Town Center |
|---|---|
| 137,283 | 95,037 |
Notable people
- Mazlum Çimen, ballet dancer, award-winning film score composer and folk singer
- Fidan Doğan
- Kemal Gözükara, mathematician, businessman and president of the Istanbul Arel University
See also
- İğde – a belde administered by Elbistan
References
- ^ "Area of regions (including lakes), km²". Regional Statistics Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. 2002. Retrieved 5 March 2013.
- ^ "Population of province/district centers and towns/villages by districts - 2012". Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS) Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
- ^ a b Aksüt, Ali. "On the Alevism of Elbistan, Nurhak, Ekinozu and Afsin - Elbistan Nurhak Ekinözü Afşin Aleviliği Üzerine - Zum Alevitentum in Elbistan, Nurhak, Ekinözü und Afşin" - Alevilik-Bektaşilik Araştırmaları Dergisi 2017 (No.15), pp.264-265, 279 doi:10.24082/abked.2017.15.011
- ^ Adem Avcıkıran (2009). Kürtçe Anamnez Anamneza bi Kurmancî (PDF) (in Turkish and Kurdish). p. 56. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
- ^ . geonames.org. Archived from the original on 11 December 2019.
- ^ "Elbistan". Elbistan Olay (in Turkish). Retrieved 16 July 2020.
- ^ Evliyâ Çelebi Seyahatnâmesi: III. p. 201. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
- ^ "'Maraş'ta Alevi Kürtlerin nüfusu yüzde 10'lara düştü'". 15 June 2017.
- ^ McDowall, Donald (November 2002). "Asylum seekers from Turkey II" (PDF). p. 64.
- ^ Turkish state (2014), Aşiretler Raporu (in Turkish) (3 ed.), Kaynak Yayınları, p. 205, ISBN 978-975-343-220-7
- ^ Dursun, Mehmet E.; Kirik, Esra. Elbistan Ağzı (Kahramanmaraş Ağızları - II). Turkish Studies - International Periodical For The Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic Volume 7/1 Winter 2012, p.1045 DOI:10.7827/TurkishStudies.3174 (PDF)
- ^ Aras, Bahtiyar Murat; Gökhan, İlyas. "Pazarcık Türkmen Alevileri" - Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Bölümleri [638]. pp.18, 30, 78, 94, 110-111, 156, 433, 439, 443-444,
- ^ Derviş Mehmet Zılli bin, Evliya Çelebi (2006). "Mar-iş (Maraş)". Seyahatname. Yeni Şafak Gazetesi. p. 297. ISBN 975-363-798-5.
- ^ "Elbistan" - Official website of the Kahramanmaras Governor (Kahramanmaraş Valiliği)
- ^ Akdeniz'in Altın Kenti Kahramanmaraş. Kahramanmaraş Valiliği İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü. p.33 ISBN 978-605-149-657-3 (PDF)
- ^ [1] Elbistan İsminin Tarihçesi
- ^ Sesi, Elbistanın. "Dumanı hem boğuyor hem zehirliyor, kokusu da cabası!". Elbistanın Sesi (in Turkish). Retrieved 5 October 2020.
- ^ Akdemir -, Özer (11 September 2020). "Afşin Elbistan Termik Santrali A Ünitesi hâlâ filtresiz çalışıyor! | Özer Akdemir". Ekoloji Birliği (in Turkish). Retrieved 5 October 2020.
External links
- Municipality's official website
- District Governor's official website
- Elbistan Araç Kiralama