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Élan Béarnais

Élan Béarnais Pau-Lacq-Orthez, also known as simply Élan Béarnais (French pronunciation: [e.lɑ̃ be.aʁ.nɛ]),[1] and formerly known as Élan Béarnais Pau-Orthez, is a French professional basketball club that is based in Pau.[2][3] They compete in the top-tier French league, the LNB Pro B. They are one of the most successful clubs in French basketball history, as they have won nine French League championships and have had European-wide successes as well.

Élan Béarnais Pau-Lacq-Orthez
NicknameEBPLO
LeaguesPro B
Founded1931; 93 years ago (1931)
HistoryÉlan Béarnais Orthez
(1931–1989)
Élan Béarnais Pau-Orthez
(1989–2008)
Élan Béarnais Pau-Lacq-Orthez
(2008–present)
ArenaPalais des Sports de Pau
Capacity7,707
LocationPau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France
Team colorsWhite and Turquoise
   
PresidentSébastien Ménard
General managerAudrey Sauret
Head coachEric Bartecheky
Championships1 Korać Cup
9 French Championships
4 French Cups
4 French League Cup
Websiteelan-bearnais.fr

History edit

 
D.J. Cooper, 2017

The Élan Béarnais was founded in 1931 in the town of Orthez in Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the southwest of France. The club first reached the top level of French professional basketball in 1973. They were immediately relegated back to the second division, but returned to the top flight in 1976. The club then made their European debut one year later, in 1977, by qualifying for the FIBA Korać Cup. Their ascent continued by winning the FIBA Korać Cup in 1984, defeating Crvena zvezda in the final in Paris (Palais des sports Pierre-de-Coubertin). This was the first of many pieces of silverware that would be added to the club's trophy cabinet over the next two decades.

More success followed as the Élan Béarnais were finally crowned champions of France for the first time, winning back-to-back titles in 1986 and 1987. This earned them entry into the FIBA European Champions' Cup (present-day Euroleague). Despite their status as newcomers, they were anything but intimidated, completing their maiden campaign of 1986-87 with a shock 3rd-place finish and a perfect record at home. It was a magical run, as they defeated European giants or traditional clubs of European basketball like Žalgiris, Maccabi Tel Aviv, Real Madrid, Zadar and that season's champions, Tracer Milano, on their home court, La Moutète. The Élan Béarnais would remain a fixture in European competition every season thereafter, until 2008, setting a European longevity record of 31 years in the process (1977–2008).

As this humble club from a village of 12,000 people at the foot of the Pyrénées blossomed into a power of European basketball, a move to a bigger city became necessary. The club changed its name in 1989, becoming the Élan Béarnais Pau-Orthez, and moved to the city of Pau, after the inauguration of the Palais des Sports in 1991. This move was made possible by the visionary efforts of two men: Pierre Seillant, the beloved longtime president of the club, and André Labarrère, then-mayor of Pau. Thanks to them, the Palais (still today the largest basketball-centric arena in France) was built, and the Élan were able to remain in their home region of Béarn.

With the relocation complete, the club carried on cementing their status as the dominant force of French basketball, winning seven more league championships over the next thirteen years. The club's total of nine championships ranks them third behind ASVEL and Limoges for the most of any team in the history of French professional basketball. The last one came in 2004, the second of back-to-back titles, and was the culmination of a golden-age for the club. The previous season, 2003, was arguably the most spectacular in the history of Pau-Orthez, when the breathtaking abilities of two homegrown, young talents named Boris Diaw and Mickaël Piétrus spearheaded the Élan Béarnais to a sweep of all three French trophies (Le Championnat, Coupe de France and Semaine des As). Diaw's campaign won him the League MVP award for French players, and following the season both he and Pietrus were drafted in the first round of the 2003 NBA draft.

Unfortunately, due to exodus of talent, a lack of coaching stability, and financial problems, the success of the club steadily waned from 2004 on, until rock-bottom was reached and the previously unthinkable happened: in 2009, the Élan Béarnais were relegated to the LNB Pro B after finishing in last place. It was their first stint in the second division since 1976. This disappointment was used as an opportunity to re-structure and re-strengthen the club, but although they earned immediate promotion back to the Pro A in 2010, their struggles continued, and they were relegated for a second time in 2012. However, the Élan once again wasted no time in climbing directly back to the top-flight, and in the 2013-14 season they narrowly missed out on qualifying for the playoffs for the first time since 2006. With club-legend Didier Gadou entrenched as the General Manager, and former title-winning head-coach Claude Bergeaud back at the helm on the sideline, the future is bright once-again for this proud club. They remain in a tussle for a playoff berth halfway through the 2014-15 season.

 
Élan playing Rasta Vechta in October 2019

In 2008, the club underwent a minor name-change for the second time in their history, becoming the Élan Béarnais Pau-Lacq-Orthez. The city of Lacq's inclusion in the name and entrance onto the director's board strengthened the club's Béarn identity. For their part, Lacq, located just north-west of Pau, now provides funding to the club.

Arena edit

 
The Palais des Sports, the home arena of the team

Pau-Orthez play their home games at the Palais des Sports de Pau since 1991, which has a seating capacity of 7,707 people.

At Orthez, the club played their home games at La Moutète.

Rivalries edit

The Élan Béarnais' biggest rival is Limoges CSP, another legendary French club, and they have been trading blows with one another for national supremacy on the hardwood, both figuratively and literally, since the early 1980s. In the 22 seasons between 1983 and 2004, the two clubs combined for 18 championships, and multiple games between the two teams resulted in fights amongst the players, including one that ended in a brawl between Élan supporters and Limoges players at their old Orthez venue, La Moutète. ASVEL is also a fierce rival of the Élan Béarnais, and games against both of these teams are referred to as the "Clasicos" of French basketball, receiving tremendous hype from the media and fans.

Players edit

Retired numbers edit

Élan Béarnais Pau-Lacq-Orthez retired numbers
No. Nat. Player Position Tenure
10   Didier Gadou F 1982–2002

Current roster edit

Note: Flags indicate national team eligibility at FIBA-sanctioned events. Players may hold other non-FIBA nationality not displayed.

Élan Béarnais Pau-Orthez roster
Players Coaches
Pos. No. Nat. Name Ht. Wt. Age
F 3   Munnings, Travis 1.98 m (6 ft 6 in) 91 kg (201 lb) 29 – (1994-09-14)14 September 1994
SF 5   Affo Mama, Dylan 1.98 m (6 ft 6 in) 24 – (1999-07-22)22 July 1999
C 32   Sané, Landing 2.07 m (6 ft 9 in) 100 kg (220 lb) 33 – (1990-10-19)19 October 1990
Head coach
  •   Eric Bartecheky
Assistant coach(es)
  •   Jimmy Vérove
  •   Jimmy Durand
Team manager
  •   Nicolas Pradelle

Legend
  • (C) Team captain
  •   Injured

  • Roster
Updated: January 8, 2024

Notable players edit

Note: Flags indicate national team eligibility at FIBA-sanctioned events. Players may hold other non-FIBA nationality not displayed.

Criteria

To appear in this section a player must have either:

  • Set a club record or won an individual award while at the club
  • Played at least one official international match for their national team at any time
  • Played at least one official NBA match at any time.

FIBA Hall of Famers edit

Élan Béarnais Hall of Famers
Players
No. Nat. Name Position Tenure Inducted
11   Antoine Rigaudeau G 1995–1997 2015[4]

Honours edit

Total titles: 19

Domestic competitions edit

Winners (9): 1985–86, 1986–87, 1991–92, 1995–96, 1997–98, 1998–99, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2003–04
Runners-up (4): 1988–89, 1992–93, 1994–95, 2001–02
Winners (4): 2001–02, 2002–03, 2006–07, 2021-22
Runners-up (2): 2000–01, 2003–04
Winners (4): 1990–91, 1991–92, 1992–93, 2002-03
Winners (1): 2007

European competitions edit

3rd place (1): 1986–87
Winners (1): 1983–84
Semifinalists (1): 1994–95
Runners-up (1): 1984

Season by season edit

Season Tier Division Pos. W–L French Cup European competitions
2009–10
2
Pro B
1st - Regular Season
33-8 - Playoffs Included
2010–11
1
Pro A
9th - Regular Season
13–17 - Regular Season
2011–12
1
Pro A
15th - Regular Season
7–23 - Regular Season
3 EuroChallenge
RS
1–5
2012–13
2
Pro B
2nd - Regular Season
28-11 - Playoffs Included
2013–14
1
Pro A
11th - Regular Season
15–15 - Regular Season
2014–15
1
Pro A
13th - Regular Season
13–21 - Regular Season
2015–16
1
Pro A
7th - Regular Season
21–15 - Playoffs Included
2016–17
1
Pro A
7th - Regular Season
23–14 - Playoffs Included
4 FIBA Europe Cup
R2
8–2
2017–18
1
Pro A
8th - Regular Season
18–18 - Playoffs Included
1st Round - (Lost 85-86 against Châlons-Reims)
2018–19
1
Jeep ELITE
5th - Regular Season
22–15 - Playoffs Included
2nd Round - (Lost 88-92 against Chalon-sur-Saône)
2019–20
1
Jeep ELITE
11th - Regular Season
10–15 - Regular Season (Less games due to COVID-19 Pandemic)
BCL
RS
5-9
2020–21
1
Jeep ELITE
11th - Regular Season
16–18 - Regular Season
1st Round - (Lost 81-83 against Tours)
2021–22
1
Betclic ELITE
5th - Regular Season
22–18 - Playoffs Included
1st - (Won 95-86 against Strasbourg)
2022–23
1
Betclic ELITE
14th - Regular Season (18 games left)
6–10 - 18 games left

In European and worldwide competitions edit

The road to the 1983–84 FIBA Korać Cup victory edit

Kit manufacturer edit

2017-2021: PEAK[5]
2021-2022: Adidas
2022-: Hummel

Difficulties edit

in 2022, a scandal escalated since Taqwa Pinero, a former player, then appointed CEO and General Manager had been brutally dismissed for a reason related to his religion.[6] Indeed, according to Sud-Ouest newspaper, Taqwa Pinero was notified in early August of his dismissal as manager of Elan Béarnais, the Pau basketball club, “for having displayed his Muslim faith on the social networks”.[7] According to the same source, the mayor of Pau, François Bayrou, would have pressured the owners of the club to oust Taqwa Pinero.[8]

References edit

  1. ^ "Élan Béarnais Twitter". Twitter.com. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
  2. ^ Official website
  3. ^ "Elan Bearnais Pau-Lacq-Orthez basketball, News, Roster, Rumors, Stats, Awards, Transactions, Details-eurobasket".
  4. ^ "FIBA.basketball". Retrieved 20 August 2019.
  5. ^ Pau-Lacq-Orthez FIBA Europe Cup 2017, FIBA.com, 18 January 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
  6. ^ g.blaise@sudouest.fr, Gabriel Blaise- (2022-01-09). "Basket : comment la foi musulmane de son directeur a posé problème à l'entourage de l'Elan Béarnais" (in French). ISSN 1760-6454. Retrieved 2022-09-22.
  7. ^ Twitter https://twitter.com/ajplusfrancais/status/1568632012860178433. Retrieved 2022-09-22. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. ^ "Taqwa Pinero (Pau-Orthez) : " Tout ce qu'il s'est passé ressemble à un mauvais film "". L'Équipe (in French). Retrieved 2022-09-22.

External links edit

  • Official website

Élan, béarnais, lacq, orthez, also, known, simply, french, pronunciation, formerly, known, orthez, french, professional, basketball, club, that, based, they, compete, tier, french, league, they, most, successful, clubs, french, basketball, history, they, have,. Elan Bearnais Pau Lacq Orthez also known as simply Elan Bearnais French pronunciation e lɑ be aʁ nɛ 1 and formerly known as Elan Bearnais Pau Orthez is a French professional basketball club that is based in Pau 2 3 They compete in the top tier French league the LNB Pro B They are one of the most successful clubs in French basketball history as they have won nine French League championships and have had European wide successes as well Elan Bearnais Pau Lacq OrthezNicknameEBPLOLeaguesPro BFounded1931 93 years ago 1931 HistoryElan Bearnais Orthez 1931 1989 Elan Bearnais Pau Orthez 1989 2008 Elan Bearnais Pau Lacq Orthez 2008 present ArenaPalais des Sports de PauCapacity7 707LocationPau Pyrenees Atlantiques FranceTeam colorsWhite and Turquoise PresidentSebastien MenardGeneral managerAudrey SauretHead coachEric BartechekyChampionships1 Korac Cup9 French Championships4 French Cups4 French League CupWebsiteelan bearnais frHomeAway Contents 1 History 2 Arena 3 Rivalries 4 Players 4 1 Retired numbers 4 2 Current roster 4 3 Notable players 4 4 FIBA Hall of Famers 5 Honours 5 1 Domestic competitions 5 2 European competitions 6 Season by season 7 In European and worldwide competitions 8 The road to the 1983 84 FIBA Korac Cup victory 9 Kit manufacturer 10 Difficulties 11 References 12 External linksHistory edit nbsp D J Cooper 2017 The Elan Bearnais was founded in 1931 in the town of Orthez in Pyrenees Atlantiques in the southwest of France The club first reached the top level of French professional basketball in 1973 They were immediately relegated back to the second division but returned to the top flight in 1976 The club then made their European debut one year later in 1977 by qualifying for the FIBA Korac Cup Their ascent continued by winning the FIBA Korac Cup in 1984 defeating Crvena zvezda in the final in Paris Palais des sports Pierre de Coubertin This was the first of many pieces of silverware that would be added to the club s trophy cabinet over the next two decades More success followed as the Elan Bearnais were finally crowned champions of France for the first time winning back to back titles in 1986 and 1987 This earned them entry into the FIBA European Champions Cup present day Euroleague Despite their status as newcomers they were anything but intimidated completing their maiden campaign of 1986 87 with a shock 3rd place finish and a perfect record at home It was a magical run as they defeated European giants or traditional clubs of European basketball like Zalgiris Maccabi Tel Aviv Real Madrid Zadar and that season s champions Tracer Milano on their home court La Moutete The Elan Bearnais would remain a fixture in European competition every season thereafter until 2008 setting a European longevity record of 31 years in the process 1977 2008 As this humble club from a village of 12 000 people at the foot of the Pyrenees blossomed into a power of European basketball a move to a bigger city became necessary The club changed its name in 1989 becoming the Elan Bearnais Pau Orthez and moved to the city of Pau after the inauguration of the Palais des Sports in 1991 This move was made possible by the visionary efforts of two men Pierre Seillant the beloved longtime president of the club and Andre Labarrere then mayor of Pau Thanks to them the Palais still today the largest basketball centric arena in France was built and the Elan were able to remain in their home region of Bearn With the relocation complete the club carried on cementing their status as the dominant force of French basketball winning seven more league championships over the next thirteen years The club s total of nine championships ranks them third behind ASVEL and Limoges for the most of any team in the history of French professional basketball The last one came in 2004 the second of back to back titles and was the culmination of a golden age for the club The previous season 2003 was arguably the most spectacular in the history of Pau Orthez when the breathtaking abilities of two homegrown young talents named Boris Diaw and Mickael Pietrus spearheaded the Elan Bearnais to a sweep of all three French trophies Le Championnat Coupe de France and Semaine des As Diaw s campaign won him the League MVP award for French players and following the season both he and Pietrus were drafted in the first round of the 2003 NBA draft Unfortunately due to exodus of talent a lack of coaching stability and financial problems the success of the club steadily waned from 2004 on until rock bottom was reached and the previously unthinkable happened in 2009 the Elan Bearnais were relegated to the LNB Pro B after finishing in last place It was their first stint in the second division since 1976 This disappointment was used as an opportunity to re structure and re strengthen the club but although they earned immediate promotion back to the Pro A in 2010 their struggles continued and they were relegated for a second time in 2012 However the Elan once again wasted no time in climbing directly back to the top flight and in the 2013 14 season they narrowly missed out on qualifying for the playoffs for the first time since 2006 With club legend Didier Gadou entrenched as the General Manager and former title winning head coach Claude Bergeaud back at the helm on the sideline the future is bright once again for this proud club They remain in a tussle for a playoff berth halfway through the 2014 15 season nbsp Elan playing Rasta Vechta in October 2019 In 2008 the club underwent a minor name change for the second time in their history becoming the Elan Bearnais Pau Lacq Orthez The city of Lacq s inclusion in the name and entrance onto the director s board strengthened the club s Bearn identity For their part Lacq located just north west of Pau now provides funding to the club Arena edit nbsp The Palais des Sports the home arena of the team Pau Orthez play their home games at the Palais des Sports de Pau since 1991 which has a seating capacity of 7 707 people At Orthez the club played their home games at La Moutete Rivalries editThe Elan Bearnais biggest rival is Limoges CSP another legendary French club and they have been trading blows with one another for national supremacy on the hardwood both figuratively and literally since the early 1980s In the 22 seasons between 1983 and 2004 the two clubs combined for 18 championships and multiple games between the two teams resulted in fights amongst the players including one that ended in a brawl between Elan supporters and Limoges players at their old Orthez venue La Moutete ASVEL is also a fierce rival of the Elan Bearnais and games against both of these teams are referred to as the Clasicos of French basketball receiving tremendous hype from the media and fans Players editRetired numbers edit Elan Bearnais Pau Lacq Orthez retired numbers No Nat Player Position Tenure 10 nbsp Didier Gadou F 1982 2002 Current roster edit Note Flags indicate national team eligibility at FIBA sanctioned events Players may hold other non FIBA nationality not displayed Elan Bearnais Pau Orthez roster Players Coaches Pos No Nat Name Ht Wt Age F 3 nbsp Munnings Travis 1 98 m 6 ft 6 in 91 kg 201 lb 29 1994 09 14 14 September 1994 SF 5 nbsp Affo Mama Dylan 1 98 m 6 ft 6 in 24 1999 07 22 22 July 1999 C 32 nbsp Sane Landing 2 07 m 6 ft 9 in 100 kg 220 lb 33 1990 10 19 19 October 1990 Head coach nbsp Eric Bartecheky Assistant coach es nbsp Jimmy Verove nbsp Jimmy Durand Team manager nbsp Nicolas Pradelle Legend C Team captain nbsp Injured Roster Updated January 8 2024 Notable players edit Note Flags indicate national team eligibility at FIBA sanctioned events Players may hold other non FIBA nationality not displayed Criteria To appear in this section a player must have either Set a club record or won an individual award while at the club Played at least one official international match for their national team at any time Played at least one official NBA match at any time nbsp Yannick Bokolo nbsp Howard Carter nbsp Leopold Cavaliere nbsp Boris Diaw nbsp Alain Digbeu nbsp Laurent Foirest nbsp Thomas Heurtel nbsp Cyril Julian nbsp Alpha Kaba nbsp Alain Koffi nbsp Ian Mahinmi nbsp Elie Okobo nbsp Johan Petro nbsp Mickael Pietrus nbsp Florent Pietrus nbsp Antoine Rigaudeau nbsp Stephane Risacher nbsp Thierry Rupert nbsp Laurent Sciarra nbsp Moustapha Sonko nbsp Khalid Boukichou nbsp Hristo Nikolov nbsp D J Strawberry nbsp Ricardo Greer nbsp Akos Keller nbsp Samad Nikkhah Bahrami nbsp Sek Henry nbsp Vojdan Stojanovski nbsp Chinemelu Elonu nbsp Gheorghe Mureșan nbsp Constantin Popa nbsp Dragan Lukovski nbsp Marko Simonovic nbsp Marcus Brown nbsp D J Cooper nbsp Corey Crowder nbsp Emanual Davis nbsp Justin Dentmon nbsp Andre Emmett nbsp Lawrence Funderburke nbsp Teddy Gipson nbsp Josh Grant nbsp Antonio Graves nbsp C J Harris nbsp Paul Henderson nbsp Mickey McConnell nbsp Conrad McRae nbsp Aaron Miles nbsp Ahmad Nivins nbsp Moochie Norris nbsp Orlando Phillips nbsp Taqwa Pinero nbsp Allan Ray nbsp Antywane Robinson nbsp Marc Salyers nbsp Tom Scheffler nbsp Rod Sellers nbsp Mustafa Shakur nbsp Michael Thompson nbsp C J Williams nbsp Michael Wright nbsp John Cox nbsp Donta Smith nbsp Vitalis Chikoko FIBA Hall of Famers edit Elan Bearnais Hall of Famers Players No Nat Name Position Tenure Inducted 11 nbsp Antoine Rigaudeau G 1995 1997 2015 4 Honours editTotal titles 19 Domestic competitions edit French League Winners 9 1985 86 1986 87 1991 92 1995 96 1997 98 1998 99 2000 01 2002 03 2003 04 Runners up 4 1988 89 1992 93 1994 95 2001 02 French Cup Winners 4 2001 02 2002 03 2006 07 2021 22 Runners up 2 2000 01 2003 04 Leaders Cup Winners 4 1990 91 1991 92 1992 93 2002 03 French Super Cup Winners 1 2007 European competitions edit EuroLeague 3rd place 1 1986 87 FIBA Korac Cup defunct Winners 1 1983 84 Semifinalists 1 1994 95 European Super Cup semi official defunct Runners up 1 1984Season by season editSeason Tier Division Pos W L French Cup European competitions 2009 10 2 Pro B 1st Regular Season 33 8 Playoffs Included 2010 11 1 Pro A 9th Regular Season 13 17 Regular Season 2011 12 1 Pro A 15th Regular Season 7 23 Regular Season 3 EuroChallenge RS 1 5 2012 13 2 Pro B 2nd Regular Season 28 11 Playoffs Included 2013 14 1 Pro A 11th Regular Season 15 15 Regular Season 2014 15 1 Pro A 13th Regular Season 13 21 Regular Season 2015 16 1 Pro A 7th Regular Season 21 15 Playoffs Included 2016 17 1 Pro A 7th Regular Season 23 14 Playoffs Included 4 FIBA Europe Cup R2 8 2 2017 18 1 Pro A 8th Regular Season 18 18 Playoffs Included 1st Round Lost 85 86 against Chalons Reims 2018 19 1 Jeep ELITE 5th Regular Season 22 15 Playoffs Included 2nd Round Lost 88 92 against Chalon sur Saone 2019 20 1 Jeep ELITE 11th Regular Season 10 15 Regular Season Less games due to COVID 19 Pandemic BCL RS 5 9 2020 21 1 Jeep ELITE 11th Regular Season 16 18 Regular Season 1st Round Lost 81 83 against Tours 2021 22 1 Betclic ELITE 5th Regular Season 22 18 Playoffs Included 1st Won 95 86 against Strasbourg 2022 23 1 Betclic ELITE 14th Regular Season 18 games left 6 10 18 games leftIn European and worldwide competitions editMain article Elan Bearnais Pau Lacq Orthez in European and worldwide competitionsThe road to the 1983 84 FIBA Korac Cup victory editRound Team Home Away 2nd round nbsp AEK 81 61 77 83 Top 16 nbsp Star Varese 92 82 77 75 nbsp Zadar 90 77 93 106 nbsp PAOK 73 58 78 83 Semi finals nbsp Olympique Antibes 75 68 69 71 Final nbsp Crvena zvezda 97 73Kit manufacturer edit2017 2021 PEAK 5 2021 2022 Adidas 2022 HummelDifficulties editin 2022 a scandal escalated since Taqwa Pinero a former player then appointed CEO and General Manager had been brutally dismissed for a reason related to his religion 6 Indeed according to Sud Ouest newspaper Taqwa Pinero was notified in early August of his dismissal as manager of Elan Bearnais the Pau basketball club for having displayed his Muslim faith on the social networks 7 According to the same source the mayor of Pau Francois Bayrou would have pressured the owners of the club to oust Taqwa Pinero 8 References edit Elan Bearnais Twitter Twitter com Retrieved 2 March 2018 Official website Elan Bearnais Pau Lacq Orthez basketball News Roster Rumors Stats Awards Transactions Details eurobasket FIBA basketball Retrieved 20 August 2019 Pau Lacq Orthez FIBA Europe Cup 2017 FIBA com 18 January 2017 Retrieved 30 March 2017 g blaise sudouest fr Gabriel Blaise 2022 01 09 Basket comment la foi musulmane de son directeur a pose probleme a l entourage de l Elan Bearnais in French ISSN 1760 6454 Retrieved 2022 09 22 Twitter https twitter com ajplusfrancais status 1568632012860178433 Retrieved 2022 09 22 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Missing or empty title help Taqwa Pinero Pau Orthez Tout ce qu il s est passe ressemble a un mauvais film L Equipe in French Retrieved 2022 09 22 External links editOfficial website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Elan Bearnais amp oldid 1222796074, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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