El Pilar is an ancient Maya city center located on the Belize-Guatemala border. The site is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) north of San Ignacio, Belize and can be accessed through the San Ignacio and Bullet Tree Falls on the Belize River. [1] The name "El Pilar" is Spanish for "watering basin", reflecting the abundance of streams around the site and below its escarpment, which is rare in the Maya area.
El Pilar
Tzunu'un, a Maya house site surrounded by forest vegetation at El Pilar
The monuments of El Pilar are at the center of a 5,000 acres (2,000 ha) protected area known as El Pilar Archeological Reserve for Maya Flora and Fauna, declared a cultural monument in both Belize and Guatemala in 1998. El Pilar is the largest Maya site in the Belize River area with over 25 plazas and hundreds of other major buildings, covering about 120 acres (49 ha). [2]
Archaeologist Anabel Ford first mapped El Pilar in 1983 [3] in the course of her Belize River Archaeological Settlement Survey or BRASS project. Settlement patterns in the region suggest a hierarchy of community size and composition that was directly related to farmland. [4] One of the most extensive areas was of farmlands discovered at El Pilar, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of the Belize River on the edge of the major upland escarpment that leads 47 kilometres (29 mi) to the major center of Tikal.
History
Since 1993, a major archaeological field survey excavation project marked the initial examination of El Pilar. [5] Under the direction of Anabel Ford, the detailed map was executed with engineering survey instruments and excavations focused on access ways, stairs, and doorways. When the monuments were mapped, the team verified the causeway system that linked from the east to the west uniting one ancient Maya center in two modern nations: Belize and Guatemala. Later excavations tunneled into major temple revealing a 2000 years construction history. Ford and her team are currently working with Lidar in order to map the area more extensively.
The city grew from Middle Preclassic period (800 BC), with the first small temples and plazas identified in the main eastern temple of Plaza Copal. [6] The civic area was expanded, reaching its greatest extent before 1000 AD. [7] At its height in the Late Classic, the total population of El Pilar is estimated to have exceeded 180,000.[8]
Ford and her team have excavated many of the plazas, temples and palaces of the monumental civic area. Surrounding the monuments is the residence that made up the ancient Maya community. Tzunu’un, a residential unit discovered, mapped and tested in 1984, became the focus of a major investigation that excavated, exposed, and consolidated an elite Maya house. This is the only archaeological house that the public has access to today. Working with Master Maya forest gardeners, the team has developed a forest garden around the house site. The forest gardens of El Pilar are now maintained by the Maya farmers as part of the El Pilar Forest Garden Network.
Conservation and ecotourism
The El Pilar Archeological Reserve for Maya Flora and Fauna is open to the public and has a series of trails providing access throughout the site.[9] Tourists can take a taxi from Bullet Tree Falls directly into the Maya site. Intrepid visitors [10] can experience both ancient and contemporary aspects of Maya life promoting Maya culture in the area.[11] There is an active initiative to make El Pilar of Belize and Guatemala the first archaeological peace park in the world.[12] While El Pilar is protected in Belize and Guatemala and rangers are on site, it remains under threat by looters and was placed on the World Monument Fund's 1996 list of 100 Most Endangered Sites in the World.[13] Ford’s conservation strategy, called Archaeology Under the Canopy, promotes the conservation of ancient Maya monuments in the context of their natural environmental context. Sheltered under the forest canopy after 1000 years of neglect, El Pilar and all the Maya monuments are best maintained in the shade. This preserves Maya cultural heritage along with the forest gardens the Maya created.[14]
Notes
"Maya Forest Garden". The El Pilar Forest Garden Network. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
"Mesoamerican Research Center". MesoAmerican Research Center. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
^"El Pilar Archaeological Reserve for Maya Flora and Fauna". Retrieved September 25, 2015.
^(PDF). World Monuments Watch. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 20, 2013. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
^"El Pilar Archaeological Reserve for Maya Flora and Fauna". Exploring Solutions Past. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
^"Survey Interpretations". MesoAmerican Research Center. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
^"Origins of the Maya City of El Pilar". MesoAmerican Research Center. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
^Ford, Anabel. "Archaeology at El Pilar: A Report on the 1995 Field Season" (PDF). The BRASS/El Pilar Program. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
^"El Pilar Unveiled". MesoAmerican Research Center. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
^Ford, Anabel; Nigh, Ronald (June 30, 2015). Maya Forest Garden: Eight Millennia of Sustainable Cultivation of the Tropical Woodlands. Walnut Creek, California: Left Coast Press. p. 116. ISBN9781611329988.
^"Mayan Ruin". Trip Advisor. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
^"Ecotourism at El Pilar". MesoAmerican Research Center. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
^Estrada, Andrea (October 20, 2008). "Agreement Paves the Way for Archaeological Peace Park at El Pilar". Vol. 19, no. 4. University of California, Santa Barbara. 93106. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
^(PDF). World Monuments Watch. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 20, 2013. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
^"Adaptive Management". Exploring Solutions Past. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
March 04, 2023
pilar, confused, with, cathedral, basilica, lady, pillar, ancient, maya, city, center, located, belize, guatemala, border, site, located, kilometres, north, ignacio, belize, accessed, through, ignacio, bullet, tree, falls, belize, river, name, spanish, waterin. Not to be confused with Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar El Pilar is an ancient Maya city center located on the Belize Guatemala border The site is located 12 kilometres 7 5 mi north of San Ignacio Belize and can be accessed through the San Ignacio and Bullet Tree Falls on the Belize River 1 The name El Pilar is Spanish for watering basin reflecting the abundance of streams around the site and below its escarpment which is rare in the Maya area El PilarTzunu un a Maya house site surrounded by forest vegetation at El PilarLocationBelizeCoordinates17 15 24 N 89 09 19 W 17 25667 N 89 15528 W 17 25667 89 15528 Coordinates 17 15 24 N 89 09 19 W 17 25667 N 89 15528 W 17 25667 89 15528Area20 km2 7 7 sq mi Elevation200 m 660 ft VisitorsallowedThe monuments of El Pilar are at the center of a 5 000 acres 2 000 ha protected area known as El Pilar Archeological Reserve for Maya Flora and Fauna declared a cultural monument in both Belize and Guatemala in 1998 El Pilar is the largest Maya site in the Belize River area with over 25 plazas and hundreds of other major buildings covering about 120 acres 49 ha 2 Contents 1 Archeological discovery 2 History 3 Conservation and ecotourism 4 Notes 5 ReferencesArcheological discovery EditArchaeologist Anabel Ford first mapped El Pilar in 1983 3 in the course of her Belize River Archaeological Settlement Survey or BRASS project Settlement patterns in the region suggest a hierarchy of community size and composition that was directly related to farmland 4 One of the most extensive areas was of farmlands discovered at El Pilar 10 kilometres 6 2 mi north of the Belize River on the edge of the major upland escarpment that leads 47 kilometres 29 mi to the major center of Tikal History EditSince 1993 a major archaeological field survey excavation project marked the initial examination of El Pilar 5 Under the direction of Anabel Ford the detailed map was executed with engineering survey instruments and excavations focused on access ways stairs and doorways When the monuments were mapped the team verified the causeway system that linked from the east to the west uniting one ancient Maya center in two modern nations Belize and Guatemala Later excavations tunneled into major temple revealing a 2000 years construction history Ford and her team are currently working with Lidar in order to map the area more extensively The city grew from Middle Preclassic period 800 BC with the first small temples and plazas identified in the main eastern temple of Plaza Copal 6 The civic area was expanded reaching its greatest extent before 1000 AD 7 At its height in the Late Classic the total population of El Pilar is estimated to have exceeded 180 000 8 Ford and her team have excavated many of the plazas temples and palaces of the monumental civic area Surrounding the monuments is the residence that made up the ancient Maya community Tzunu un a residential unit discovered mapped and tested in 1984 became the focus of a major investigation that excavated exposed and consolidated an elite Maya house This is the only archaeological house that the public has access to today Working with Master Maya forest gardeners the team has developed a forest garden around the house site The forest gardens of El Pilar are now maintained by the Maya farmers as part of the El Pilar Forest Garden Network Conservation and ecotourism EditThe El Pilar Archeological Reserve for Maya Flora and Fauna is open to the public and has a series of trails providing access throughout the site 9 Tourists can take a taxi from Bullet Tree Falls directly into the Maya site Intrepid visitors 10 can experience both ancient and contemporary aspects of Maya life promoting Maya culture in the area 11 There is an active initiative to make El Pilar of Belize and Guatemala the first archaeological peace park in the world 12 While El Pilar is protected in Belize and Guatemala and rangers are on site it remains under threat by looters and was placed on the World Monument Fund s 1996 list of 100 Most Endangered Sites in the World 13 Ford s conservation strategy called Archaeology Under the Canopy promotes the conservation of ancient Maya monuments in the context of their natural environmental context Sheltered under the forest canopy after 1000 years of neglect El Pilar and all the Maya monuments are best maintained in the shade This preserves Maya cultural heritage along with the forest gardens the Maya created 14 Notes Edit Maya Forest Garden The El Pilar Forest Garden Network Retrieved September 25 2015 Mesoamerican Research Center MesoAmerican Research Center Retrieved September 25 2015 Exploring Solutions Past Exploring Solutions Past References Edit El Pilar Archaeological Reserve for Maya Flora and Fauna Retrieved September 25 2015 List of 100 Most Endangered Sites 1996 PDF World Monuments Watch Archived from the original PDF on March 20 2013 Retrieved September 25 2015 El Pilar Archaeological Reserve for Maya Flora and Fauna Exploring Solutions Past Retrieved September 25 2015 Survey Interpretations MesoAmerican Research Center Retrieved September 25 2015 Origins of the Maya City of El Pilar MesoAmerican Research Center Retrieved September 25 2015 Ford Anabel Archaeology at El Pilar A Report on the 1995 Field Season PDF The BRASS El Pilar Program Retrieved September 25 2015 El Pilar Unveiled MesoAmerican Research Center Retrieved September 25 2015 Ford Anabel Nigh Ronald June 30 2015 Maya Forest Garden Eight Millennia of Sustainable Cultivation of the Tropical Woodlands Walnut Creek California Left Coast Press p 116 ISBN 9781611329988 Welcome to El Pilar Mayan Ruin Trip Advisor Retrieved September 25 2015 Ecotourism at El Pilar MesoAmerican Research Center Retrieved September 25 2015 Estrada Andrea October 20 2008 Agreement Paves the Way for Archaeological Peace Park at El Pilar Vol 19 no 4 University of California Santa Barbara 93106 Retrieved September 25 2015 List of 100 Most Endangered Sites 1996 PDF World Monuments Watch Archived from the original PDF on March 20 2013 Retrieved September 25 2015 Adaptive Management Exploring Solutions Past Retrieved September 25 2015 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title El Pilar amp oldid 1080281370, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
