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École Biblique

École biblique et archéologique française de Jérusalem, commonly known as École Biblique, is a French academic establishment in Jerusalem specializing in archaeology and Biblical exegesis.

Saint-Étienne priory, home of the École Biblique

History

Foundation

The school was founded in 1890 under the name École pratique d’études bibliques by Marie-Joseph Lagrange, a Dominican priest. Its studies were officially sanctioned by Pope Leo XIII in his papal encyclical Providentissimus Deus in 1893.

Modernist crisis

The election of Pope Pius X in 1903 saw the beginning of a conservative reaction against perceived "Modernists" inside the Catholic Church. Père Lagrange, like other scholars involved in the 19th-century renaissance of biblical studies, was suspected of being a Modernist.[1] The historical-critical method was considered suspect by the Vatican. His 1904 book, The Historical Method, drew criticism. In 1905, the Pontifical Biblical Commission issued a caution about two of his methodological principles.

The situation worsened with the enactment of the papal decree Lamentabili sane exitu and the papal encyclical Pascendi Dominici gregis by Pius X in 1907, both of which condemned Modernism as heretical. In 1909, conflict between the Dominicans and the Jesuits, common at the time, resulted in the Pope's creation of the Pontifical Biblical Institute, as a Jesuit rival to the school.[2] In 1912 Lagrange was given an order of silence for the Revue Biblique to cease publication and to return to France. The École itself was closed for a year, but was then re-opened by the new Pope Benedict XV and Lagrange was allowed to return to Jerusalem continue its work.

Subsequent years

In 1920 the school took its current name, following its recognition, by the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, as a national archaeological school in France. The enactment of the papal encyclical Divino afflante Spiritu by Pope Pius XII in 1943 officially sanctioned the use of historical criticism in the study of the Bible, ending previous tensions between the school and the Vatican.

Following the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, the scholars at the school have been heavily involved in the translation and interpretation of the texts. In 1956 the School published La Bible de Jérusalem, a work which strove both for critical translational rigour and for quality as a piece of literature; a second, revised version, was published in 1998.

Activities

The school is part of the Dominican St. Stephen's Priory, French: "Couvent de Saint-Étienne". Most of the teachers of the École Biblique are Dominican friars, and all members of the Dominican priory are involved in the work of the École.[3]

The priory is centred around the modern Basilica of St Stephen (Saint-Étienne) built over the ruins of an ancient predecessor, to which the supposed relics of Saint Stephen were transferred in 439, making the Byzantine-period church the centre of the cult of this particular saint.

Since its creation, the school has been involved in the exegesis of biblical text, and has carried out archaeological research, in a complementary manner and without secrecy, in Palestine and the adjacent territories. Its principal disciplines are epigraphy, the Semitic languages, Assyriology, Egyptology, other aspects of ancient history, geography, and ethnography.

It has the power to confer official doctorates in Holy Scripture. It publishes the Revue Biblique, which is a diverse collection of scholarship from its fields of excellence, and it also publishes material addressed to larger audiences, including a particular French translation of the Bible, known as the Jerusalem Bible (a work which strove both for critical translational rigour and for quality as a piece of literature).

Notable members

Among its most illustrious members, in addition to Marie-Joseph Lagrange, are Marie-Emile Boismard, Roland de Vaux, Raymond-Jacques Tournay, Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, and Pierre Benoit.

References

  1. ^ "Our Founder",, École biblique et archéologique française de Jerusalem
  2. ^ Bernard Montagnes, Les séquelles de la crise moderniste. L'Ecole biblique au lendemain de la Grande Guerre, in Revue thomiste, XCVIIIth year vol. XC, n°2, pp. 245–270, 1990
  3. ^ Aviva Bar-Am, St. Stephen’s Monastary [sic] – The brothers' work, Jerusalem Post, 14 September 2009 [1]

External links

  • Official website  

Coordinates: 31°47′06″N 35°13′49″E / 31.78500°N 35.23028°E / 31.78500; 35.23028

École, biblique, École, biblique, archéologique, française, jérusalem, commonly, known, french, academic, establishment, jerusalem, specializing, archaeology, biblical, exegesis, saint, Étienne, priory, home, contents, history, foundation, modernist, crisis, s. Ecole biblique et archeologique francaise de Jerusalem commonly known as Ecole Biblique is a French academic establishment in Jerusalem specializing in archaeology and Biblical exegesis Saint Etienne priory home of the Ecole Biblique Contents 1 History 1 1 Foundation 1 2 Modernist crisis 1 3 Subsequent years 2 Activities 3 Notable members 4 References 5 External linksHistory EditFoundation Edit The school was founded in 1890 under the name Ecole pratique d etudes bibliques by Marie Joseph Lagrange a Dominican priest Its studies were officially sanctioned by Pope Leo XIII in his papal encyclical Providentissimus Deus in 1893 Modernist crisis Edit The election of Pope Pius X in 1903 saw the beginning of a conservative reaction against perceived Modernists inside the Catholic Church Pere Lagrange like other scholars involved in the 19th century renaissance of biblical studies was suspected of being a Modernist 1 The historical critical method was considered suspect by the Vatican His 1904 book The Historical Method drew criticism In 1905 the Pontifical Biblical Commission issued a caution about two of his methodological principles The situation worsened with the enactment of the papal decree Lamentabili sane exitu and the papal encyclical Pascendi Dominici gregis by Pius X in 1907 both of which condemned Modernism as heretical In 1909 conflict between the Dominicans and the Jesuits common at the time resulted in the Pope s creation of the Pontifical Biblical Institute as a Jesuit rival to the school 2 In 1912 Lagrange was given an order of silence for the Revue Biblique to cease publication and to return to France The Ecole itself was closed for a year but was then re opened by the new Pope Benedict XV and Lagrange was allowed to return to Jerusalem continue its work Subsequent years Edit In 1920 the school took its current name following its recognition by the Academie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres as a national archaeological school in France The enactment of the papal encyclical Divino afflante Spiritu by Pope Pius XII in 1943 officially sanctioned the use of historical criticism in the study of the Bible ending previous tensions between the school and the Vatican Following the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls the scholars at the school have been heavily involved in the translation and interpretation of the texts In 1956 the School published La Bible de Jerusalem a work which strove both for critical translational rigour and for quality as a piece of literature a second revised version was published in 1998 Activities EditThe school is part of the Dominican St Stephen s Priory French Couvent de Saint Etienne Most of the teachers of the Ecole Biblique are Dominican friars and all members of the Dominican priory are involved in the work of the Ecole 3 The priory is centred around the modern Basilica of St Stephen Saint Etienne built over the ruins of an ancient predecessor to which the supposed relics of Saint Stephen were transferred in 439 making the Byzantine period church the centre of the cult of this particular saint Since its creation the school has been involved in the exegesis of biblical text and has carried out archaeological research in a complementary manner and without secrecy in Palestine and the adjacent territories Its principal disciplines are epigraphy the Semitic languages Assyriology Egyptology other aspects of ancient history geography and ethnography It has the power to confer official doctorates in Holy Scripture It publishes the Revue Biblique which is a diverse collection of scholarship from its fields of excellence and it also publishes material addressed to larger audiences including a particular French translation of the Bible known as the Jerusalem Bible a work which strove both for critical translational rigour and for quality as a piece of literature Notable members EditAmong its most illustrious members in addition to Marie Joseph Lagrange are Marie Emile Boismard Roland de Vaux Raymond Jacques Tournay Jerome Murphy O Connor and Pierre Benoit Felix Marie Abel 1878 1953 pl Charles Couasnon led the 1961 1977 excavations at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre Jean Baptiste Humbert born 1940 Louis Hugues Vincent 1872 1960 References Edit Our Founder Ecole biblique et archeologique francaise de Jerusalem Bernard Montagnes Les sequelles de la crise moderniste L Ecole biblique au lendemain de la Grande Guerre in Revue thomiste XCVIIIth year vol XC n 2 pp 245 270 1990 Aviva Bar Am St Stephen s Monastary sic The brothers work Jerusalem Post 14 September 2009 1 External links EditOfficial website Coordinates 31 47 06 N 35 13 49 E 31 78500 N 35 23028 E 31 78500 35 23028 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ecole Biblique amp oldid 1066574366, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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