Echinorhinidae are traditionally classified in the order Squaliformes, together with kitefin and gulper sharks.[2][3] However, a phylogenetic estimate based on gene capture data and mitochondrial data suggests that they are not squaliform sharks, but may be more likely to be appropriately classed in their own group, as a sister group to angel sharks and sawsharks.[4][5] Phylogenetic placement of Echinorhinidae has been ambiguous in morphological and molecular studies, either being included within Squaliformes, considered sister to Squaliformes, or placed in a separate group with Sawsharks (Pristiophoriformes) or angel sharks (Squatiniformes).[4] For this reason they are sometimes given their own order, Echinorhiniformes.
Etymologyedit
The name is from Greekechinos meaning "spiny" and rhinos meaning "nose".
This genus includes two extant species of uncommon, little-known sharks. Both species are relatively large sharks, at 3.1 to 4.0 m (10.2 to 13.1 ft) in body length. They are characterized by a short nose and by rough, thorn-like dermal denticles scattered over its body, some of which may be fused together. They have no anal fin. Two small spineless dorsal fins are positioned far back.
Biologyedit
They are ovoviviparous, with the mother retaining the egg-cases inside her body until they hatch, producing litters up to 24 pups.[6] They feed on smaller sharks, smaller bony fish, and on crabs and cephalopods.
Distributionedit
These sharks are found worldwide in cold temperate to tropical seas from the surface down to 900 m (3,000 ft).[6]
^ abStraube, Nicolas; Li, Chenhong; Claes, Julien M.; Corrigan, Shannon; Naylor, Gavin J. P. (2015). "Molecular phylogeny of Squaliformes and first occurrence of bioluminescence in sharks". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 15 (1): 162. doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0446-6. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC4537554. PMID 26277575.
^Naylor, G. J. P.; Caira, J. N.; Jensen, K.; Rosana, K. A. M.; Straube, N.; Lakner, C. (2012). Carrier, J. C.; Musick, J. A.; Heithaus, M. R. (eds.). Elasmobranch Phylogeny: A Mitochondrial Estimate Based on 595 Species. In: Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives. Boca Raton, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. p. 31-56. ISBN978-1-4398-3924-9.
^ abFroese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2009). "Echinorhinidae" in FishBase. January 2009 version.
Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Echinorhinidae" in FishBase. January 2006 version.
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2006). Species of Echinorhinus in FishBase. January 2006 version.
FAO Species Catalogue Volume 4 Parts 1 and 2 Sharks of the World
January 01, 1970
echinorhinus, ancestor, cartilaginous, fishes, like, sharks, acanthodii, only, extant, genus, family, echinorhinidae, temporal, range, preꞒ, campanian, present, bramble, shark, brucus, brucus, mounted, specimen, display, natural, history, museum, university, p. For the ancestor of cartilaginous fishes like sharks see Acanthodii Echinorhinus is the only extant genus in the family Echinorhinidae EchinorhinusTemporal range 84 0 Ma 1 PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Campanian to present Bramble shark Echinorhinus brucus Echinorhinus brucus mounted specimen on display at the Natural History Museum of the University of Pisa Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Chondrichthyes Subclass Elasmobranchii Subdivision Selachimorpha Order Squaliformes Family EchinorhinidaeT N Gill 1862 Genus EchinorhinusBlainville 1816 The distribution of the two Echinorhinus species Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 Etymology 3 Species 4 Description 5 Biology 6 Distribution 7 See also 8 ReferencesTaxonomy editEchinorhinidae are traditionally classified in the order Squaliformes together with kitefin and gulper sharks 2 3 However a phylogenetic estimate based on gene capture data and mitochondrial data suggests that they are not squaliform sharks but may be more likely to be appropriately classed in their own group as a sister group to angel sharks and sawsharks 4 5 Phylogenetic placement of Echinorhinidae has been ambiguous in morphological and molecular studies either being included within Squaliformes considered sister to Squaliformes or placed in a separate group with Sawsharks Pristiophoriformes or angel sharks Squatiniformes 4 For this reason they are sometimes given their own order Echinorhiniformes Etymology editThe name is from Greek echinos meaning spiny and rhinos meaning nose Species editEchinorhinus brucus Bonnaterre 1788 bramble shark Echinorhinus cookei Pietschmann 1928 prickly shark Description editThis genus includes two extant species of uncommon little known sharks Both species are relatively large sharks at 3 1 to 4 0 m 10 2 to 13 1 ft in body length They are characterized by a short nose and by rough thorn like dermal denticles scattered over its body some of which may be fused together They have no anal fin Two small spineless dorsal fins are positioned far back Biology editThey are ovoviviparous with the mother retaining the egg cases inside her body until they hatch producing litters up to 24 pups 6 They feed on smaller sharks smaller bony fish and on crabs and cephalopods Distribution editThese sharks are found worldwide in cold temperate to tropical seas from the surface down to 900 m 3 000 ft 6 See also edit nbsp Sharks portal List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera List of fish familiesReferences edit Sepkoski Jack 2002 A compendium of fossil marine animal genera Chondrichthyes entry Bulletins of American Paleontology 364 560 Archived from the original on 2012 05 10 Retrieved 2008 01 09 Compagno 2005 Sharks of the World ISBN 9780691120720 Echinorhinus brucus Florida Museum Retrieved 2022 01 29 a b Straube Nicolas Li Chenhong Claes Julien M Corrigan Shannon Naylor Gavin J P 2015 Molecular phylogeny of Squaliformes and first occurrence of bioluminescence in sharks BMC Evolutionary Biology 15 1 162 doi 10 1186 s12862 015 0446 6 ISSN 1471 2148 PMC 4537554 PMID 26277575 Naylor G J P Caira J N Jensen K Rosana K A M Straube N Lakner C 2012 Carrier J C Musick J A Heithaus M R eds Elasmobranch Phylogeny A Mitochondrial Estimate Based on 595 Species In Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives Boca Raton CRC Press Taylor amp Francis Group p 31 56 ISBN 978 1 4398 3924 9 a b Froese Rainer and Daniel Pauly eds 2009 Echinorhinidae in FishBase January 2009 version Echinorhinus Integrated Taxonomic Information System Retrieved 4 May 2006 Froese Rainer and Daniel Pauly eds 2006 Echinorhinidae in FishBase January 2006 version Froese Rainer and Pauly Daniel eds 2006 Species of Echinorhinus in FishBase January 2006 version FAO Species Catalogue Volume 4 Parts 1 and 2 Sharks of the World Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Echinorhinus amp oldid 1188055279, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
