Barein (Baraïn) (B.4, including the Jalking or Jelkung dialect)
Peust (2018), however, has a somewhat different phylogenetic classification for East Chadic.[4] The most striking change is the repositioning of Mokilko (B.2) from East Chadic B to East Chadic A, where it now constitutes the first branch to separate, followed by Lele-Nancere (A.2.1). Within East Chadic B, he treats the Mubi group (B.1.2) as the first primary branching, with all the rest forming a subgroup divided between Dangla (B.1.1) in the north and Barain plus Sokoro (B.3 and B.4) in the south.
East Chadic A is distributed primarily in Tandjilé and neighbouring regions. East Chadic B is distributed primarily in Guéra and neighbouring regions.[10]
Numeralsedit
Comparison of numerals in individual languages:[11]
^Chapelle, Jean (1981). Le Peuple Tchadien: ses racines et sa vie quotidienne (in French). L'Harmattan. pp. 178–179. ISBN2-85802-169-4.
^ abPeust, Carsten (2018). "The subgrouping of East Chadic". Folia Orientalia (55). doi:10.24425/for.2018.124686.
^Blench, 2006. The Afro-Asiatic Languages: Classification and Reference List (ms); Buso deleted as a separate branch per Hammarström (2015)
^ abLanguages in both the Nancere and Gabri branches go by the names of Kimre and Gabri. The two branches together are sometimes also called Gabri.
^Lovestrand, Joseph (2012). "Classification and description of the Chadic languages of the Guéra (East Chadic B)" (PDF). SIL Electronic Working Papers 2012-004. SIL International.
^Kujargé appears to have ties with the Mubi languages, but perhaps not genetic ones. Its classification is uncertain.
^Oxfam and Office National de Développement Rural (ONDR). 2016. Atlas de la vulnérabilité dans le Guera. Première partie: synthèse regional. 2nd edition (updated from 2013 edition). PASISAT (Projet d'Appui à l'Amélioration du Système d'Information sur la Sécurité Alimentaire au Tchad).
^Chan, Eugene (2019). "The Afro-Asiatic Language Phylum". Numeral Systems of the World's Languages.
April 13, 2024
east, chadic, languages, three, dozen, chadic, family, spoken, chad, cameroon, east, chadicgeographicdistributionsouthern, chad, northern, cameroonlinguistic, classificationafro, asiaticchadiceast, chadicsubdivisionseast, chadic, east, chadic, bglottologeast26. The three dozen East Chadic languages of the Chadic family are spoken in Chad and Cameroon 1 East ChadicGeographicdistributionsouthern Chad and northern CameroonLinguistic classificationAfro AsiaticChadicEast ChadicSubdivisionsEast Chadic A East Chadic BGlottologeast2632East Chadic per Newman 1977 Speakers of various East Chadic languages are locally known as Hadjarai peoples 2 3 The largest East Chadic language is Nancere 4 Languages editThe branches of East Chadic go either by names or by letters and numbers in an outline format 5 The East Chadic B classification follows that of Lovestrand 2012 East Chadic A Sibine A 1 1 Mire Ndam Somrai Tumak Motun Mawer Miltu A 1 2 Boor Gadang Miltu Sarua Nancere A 2 1 6 Nancere Kimre Lele Gabri A 2 2 6 Gabri Kabalai Tobanga Kwang A 3 Kwang Kera East Chadic B 7 B 1 Dangla B 1 1 Bidiyo Bidiya Dangaleat Dangla Birgit Jonkor Bourmataguil Mabire Migaama Mogum Jegu Toram Mubi B 1 2 Mubi Kajakse Masmaje Zirenkel Zerenkel Kujarge B 1 3 8 Mokilko Mukulu Gergiko B 2 Sokoro B 3 Saba Sokoro Tamki Mawa Ubi 9 Barein Barain B 4 including the Jalking or Jelkung dialect Peust 2018 however has a somewhat different phylogenetic classification for East Chadic 4 The most striking change is the repositioning of Mokilko B 2 from East Chadic B to East Chadic A where it now constitutes the first branch to separate followed by Lele Nancere A 2 1 Within East Chadic B he treats the Mubi group B 1 2 as the first primary branching with all the rest forming a subgroup divided between Dangla B 1 1 in the north and Barain plus Sokoro B 3 and B 4 in the south East Chadic A is distributed primarily in Tandjile and neighbouring regions East Chadic B is distributed primarily in Guera and neighbouring regions 10 Numerals editComparison of numerals in individual languages 11 Classification Language 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10A A 1 Somrai me n se r subu wōde ji kubi wurɡe subu 4 3 de na se r 10 2 de na me n 10 1 mwatʃA A 1 Tumak me n hɛ sub wōri usi uɡi ɗaksub wawar 2 x 4 bisame n 10 1 kwarA A 2 Gabri pɔ n wɔ subu pɔ rbu bay ji jurɡu marɡe te nɡɛ se mɔ tʃA A 2 1 Kimre pɔn wɔ subu pɔrbu bai dʒi dʒurɡem marɡe diŋɡɛse mwɔdʒA A 2 1 Lele pina so suba poriŋ bay meneŋ matoliŋ juruɡu cela ɡoroA A 2 1 Nancere pe na suwœ sab pe ri bay me ne matal pe rpe nde tʃele ɡuware A A 3 Kera me na ɓasi soope waaɗe wiiɗiw suŋku me na ke ne ki seeɗa aseɡe n tambe la manhor suŋku ɓasiA A 3 Kwang Kwong mɪn rai sɪpai wuɗai wiʔyɪm sɪdeeŋ bʊkʊr kauda bɪdaamna rukopB B 1 1 Bidiya Bidiyo 1 ke siɗi subaŋ paɗaŋ beeyʼeŋ peŋkeyʼ 5 1 pisiɗaŋ 5 2 porpoɗ 2 x 4 peŋda orroB B 1 1 Bidiyo Bidiya 2 keʔeŋ masculine kaɗya feminine siɗi subaŋ paaɗaŋ beeʔeŋ penkeʔ 5 1 piisit 5 2 porpoɗ 2 x 4 penda ɔ rrɔ B B 1 1 Dangla Dangaleat ɾakki sɛ ɛrɔ subba pooɗi bɛɛɗyi bidyɡeɗy pɛ ɛ sira poɗpoɗ parka ɔ rɔ kiB B 1 1 Mawa 1 peni ɾap sup paːt bij byaːpat 5 1 byamat patpat 2 x 4 kwapinikara 10 1 kwaːjanB B 1 1 Mawa 2 penni rap sup pat bii biaapan 5 1 biamat patpat 2 x 4 kuapinikara 10 1 kuayanB B 1 1 Migama 1 kaƴi seera subba pooɗi beeƴa bizɡiƴI paysara poppoɗi 2 x 4 parnakaƴI 10 1 ʔorroB B 1 1 Migama 2 kaɗyi seera subba pooɗi beeɗya bizɡiɗyi paysara poppoɗi 2 x 4 parnakaɗyi 10 1 ʔorroB B 1 1 Mogum kɛ m ka f sɛ sup poot bey mik payse porpide barkɛt orrokB B 1 1 Ubi piina muɗu suɓa poɗa bɛɛja bɛɛpɛne 5 1 bɛɛmuɗu 5 2 porpoɗa 2 x 4 kojpane litː koj hand orokB B 1 2 Mubi 1 fini sir suɓa fada biɗya istala beesir farbat ferbini kurukB B 1 2 Mubi 2 fini sir suba fada bija istala besir farbad farbat ferbine kurukB B 1 2 Zerenkel pinne siiri subba paɗɗa biƴƴa istala beesiri paarpaɗi paarpino kurukiB B 2 Mukulu so o so o sire aɗo piɗe paa t zoo t sara t ɡessire ɡessa t kooma t B B 3 Barein paniŋ sidi subu pudu dawsu dasumaniŋ 5 1 dasisidi 5 2 dasusubu 5 3 dasumpudu 5 4 kurB B 3 Sokoro ketti ker i moɗu suba paʔaɗa biʔa bepini bemoɗu beʃiba bepʌɗʌ or kaReferences edit Glottolog 4 7 East Chadic glottolog org Retrieved 2022 12 27 Olson James Stuart 1996 The Peoples of Africa An Ethnohistorical Dictionary Greenwood Press p 213 ISBN 0 313 27918 7 Chapelle Jean 1981 Le Peuple Tchadien ses racines et sa vie quotidienne in French L Harmattan pp 178 179 ISBN 2 85802 169 4 a b Peust Carsten 2018 The subgrouping of East Chadic Folia Orientalia 55 doi 10 24425 for 2018 124686 Blench 2006 The Afro Asiatic Languages Classification and Reference List ms Buso deleted as a separate branch per Hammarstrom 2015 a b Languages in both the Nancere and Gabri branches go by the names of Kimre and Gabri The two branches together are sometimes also called Gabri Lovestrand Joseph 2012 Classification and description of the Chadic languages of the Guera East Chadic B PDF SIL Electronic Working Papers 2012 004 SIL International Kujarge appears to have ties with the Mubi languages but perhaps not genetic ones Its classification is uncertain Previously classified as Dangla Oxfam and Office National de Developpement Rural ONDR 2016 Atlas de la vulnerabilite dans le Guera Premiere partie synthese regional 2nd edition updated from 2013 edition PASISAT Projet d Appui a l Amelioration du Systeme d Information sur la Securite Alimentaire au Tchad Chan Eugene 2019 The Afro Asiatic Language Phylum Numeral Systems of the World s Languages Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title East Chadic languages amp oldid 1186019549, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
