Viola reichenbachiana, also known as the early dog-violet, pale wood violet, slender wood violet, hedge violet, or wood dog violet, is a species of flowering plant in the Viola genus.[1][2][3][4] This species hybridises with Viola riviniana, the common dog-violet, to produce Viola × bavarica.[5] The plant is named after the 19th century botanist Ludwig Reichenbach.[6] It is a rhizomatous herbaceousperennial that is widely known for its purple petals, and it typically resides along road banks or among other rich vegetation, as other wild pansies do.[1][7] The name dog violet refers to its lack of scent, making it supposedly only fit for dogs.[8][3]
Viola reichenbachiana grows to 5–15 cm (2.0–5.9 in) in height and 10–50 cm (3.9–19.7 in) in spread.[3] The leaf orientation is simple and grows alternately.[1][4] The plant has wide, heart-shaped blades with rounded, tooth-like ridges.[1][3][7] The leaves may be hairless or very slightly textured, and their tips may be pointed or hooked.[3][7] Its upper leaves tend to be smaller and darker in color.[4] Its leaf typically has 4 or 5 veins on either side of a main vein called the midrib.[4]
The flower of Viola reichenbachiana is bisexual, containing both male and female reproductive structures.[4] It has 3 or 5 narrow, non-overlapping petals that are a signature dull purple.[1][4] The flower typically has 5 small, pointed sepals, 5 stamens, and 1 carpel.[1] These flowers can range from 1.5 to 2 cm across.[4] They can be recognized by their star-like appearance due to the separated petals or their deep violet-blue spurs.[3][9] Pollination can occur via insects, self-pollination, or cross-pollination.[4]
Its seeds have rather thick cotyledons to nourish the embryo, and the fruits that develop around them usually have 3 lobes.[1] The roots have many root hairs for absorption and grow rhizomatously, meaning they propagate through above-ground runners known as stolons.[3][7]
Cultivationedit
Viola reichenbachiana is found throughout central Europe spanning all the way to parts of Asia around the Himalayan Mountains.[7] It resides in regions such as England, Scotland, Wales, North Africa, China, India, and Pakistan.[7] Its natural habitats include hardwood forests or other wooded areas with broad leaves.[1] It grows most successfully under maximum or partial sunlight and moderate watering, and the minimum temperature at which it can survive is -20 degrees Celsius.[3][9] It thrives in acidic to neutral fertile soil that is damp but well-drained.[9][10] They normally take approximately 3 years to reach maturity, and are grown mainly for the aesthetic of their distinct flowers.[3] Its flowers typically bloom between late February and May, and its fruits are produced from May to August.[7]
The plant faces predation by slugs, snails, red spider mites, gall midges, and aphids, and it is also the food source for fritillary butterfly larvae.[3][7][9][11] Common diseases include the browning of petals and leaves due to anthracnose fungus, powdery mildew, stem rot, rust on leaf undersides, and smut pustules on leaf stalks that discharge spores.[4][11]
RHS Hardinessedit
The Royal Horticultural Society recognizes V. reichenbachiana as an H6 on the Hardiness Scale, meaning that it is "hardy in all of UK and northern Europe," and its minimum temperature ranges are -20 to -15 degrees Celsius.[9]
^ abcdefghi“Viola Reichenbachiana Jordan Ex Boreau: Species.” Ganeshaiah, K. N., UAS, Bangalore, India.; Kailash, B. R., ATREE, Bangalore, India.; Royal Norwegian Embassy grants. Indian Bioresource Information Network (IBIN), Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. India Biodiversity Portal, IBP, https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/262252.
^Boreau, A.; Boreau, A. (1857). Flore du centre de la France et du bassin de la Loire, ou, Description des plantes qui croissent spontanément, ou qui sont cultivées en grand dans les départements arrosés par la Loire et ses affluents, avec l'analyse des genres et des espèces. Vol. 1857. (3e éd., très augm. ed.). Paris: Librairie encyclopédique de Roret.
Partridge, James (2007) Viola × bavarica: the punctual Dog-violet BSBI News 106:8-9 (illustrated with colour photographs on inside back cover of this edition)
Media related to Viola reichenbachiana at Wikimedia Commons
January 01, 1970
viola, reichenbachiana, also, known, early, violet, pale, wood, violet, slender, wood, violet, hedge, violet, wood, violet, species, flowering, plant, viola, genus, this, species, hybridises, with, viola, riviniana, common, violet, produce, viola, bavarica, pl. Viola reichenbachiana also known as the early dog violet pale wood violet slender wood violet hedge violet or wood dog violet is a species of flowering plant in the Viola genus 1 2 3 4 This species hybridises with Viola riviniana the common dog violet to produce Viola bavarica 5 The plant is named after the 19th century botanist Ludwig Reichenbach 6 It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial that is widely known for its purple petals and it typically resides along road banks or among other rich vegetation as other wild pansies do 1 7 The name dog violet refers to its lack of scent making it supposedly only fit for dogs 8 3 Viola reichenbachiana Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Clade Rosids Order Malpighiales Family Violaceae Genus Viola Species V reichenbachiana Binomial name Viola reichenbachianaJord ex Boreau 1857 Viola reichenbachiana MHNT Contents 1 Description 2 Cultivation 2 1 RHS Hardiness 3 ReferencesDescription editViola reichenbachiana grows to 5 15 cm 2 0 5 9 in in height and 10 50 cm 3 9 19 7 in in spread 3 The leaf orientation is simple and grows alternately 1 4 The plant has wide heart shaped blades with rounded tooth like ridges 1 3 7 The leaves may be hairless or very slightly textured and their tips may be pointed or hooked 3 7 Its upper leaves tend to be smaller and darker in color 4 Its leaf typically has 4 or 5 veins on either side of a main vein called the midrib 4 The flower of Viola reichenbachiana is bisexual containing both male and female reproductive structures 4 It has 3 or 5 narrow non overlapping petals that are a signature dull purple 1 4 The flower typically has 5 small pointed sepals 5 stamens and 1 carpel 1 These flowers can range from 1 5 to 2 cm across 4 They can be recognized by their star like appearance due to the separated petals or their deep violet blue spurs 3 9 Pollination can occur via insects self pollination or cross pollination 4 Its seeds have rather thick cotyledons to nourish the embryo and the fruits that develop around them usually have 3 lobes 1 The roots have many root hairs for absorption and grow rhizomatously meaning they propagate through above ground runners known as stolons 3 7 Cultivation editViola reichenbachiana is found throughout central Europe spanning all the way to parts of Asia around the Himalayan Mountains 7 It resides in regions such as England Scotland Wales North Africa China India and Pakistan 7 Its natural habitats include hardwood forests or other wooded areas with broad leaves 1 It grows most successfully under maximum or partial sunlight and moderate watering and the minimum temperature at which it can survive is 20 degrees Celsius 3 9 It thrives in acidic to neutral fertile soil that is damp but well drained 9 10 They normally take approximately 3 years to reach maturity and are grown mainly for the aesthetic of their distinct flowers 3 Its flowers typically bloom between late February and May and its fruits are produced from May to August 7 The plant faces predation by slugs snails red spider mites gall midges and aphids and it is also the food source for fritillary butterfly larvae 3 7 9 11 Common diseases include the browning of petals and leaves due to anthracnose fungus powdery mildew stem rot rust on leaf undersides and smut pustules on leaf stalks that discharge spores 4 11 RHS Hardiness edit The Royal Horticultural Society recognizes V reichenbachiana as an H6 on the Hardiness Scale meaning that it is hardy in all of UK and northern Europe and its minimum temperature ranges are 20 to 15 degrees Celsius 9 References edit a b c d e f g h Early Dog Violet Viola reichenbachiana Flowers NatureGate luontoportti com Retrieved 2024 04 09 Viola reichenbachiana Jord ex Boreau in GBIF Secretariat 2022 GBIF Backbone Taxonomy Checklist dataset doi 10 15468 39omei accessed via GBIF org a b c d e f g h i j Early Dog Violet Viola Reichenbachiana Plants Candide https candide com IE plants df534849 458c 4122 98bc 31d13f2f5891 a b c d e f g h i Viola Reichenbachiana Jordan Ex Boreau Species Ganeshaiah K N UAS Bangalore India Kailash B R ATREE Bangalore India Royal Norwegian Embassy grants Indian Bioresource Information Network IBIN Department of Biotechnology New Delhi India India Biodiversity Portal IBP https indiabiodiversity org species show 262252 Stace Clive A 2010 New flora of the British Isles Cambridge Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 70772 5 OCLC 647075102 Boreau A Boreau A 1857 Flore du centre de la France et du bassin de la Loire ou Description des plantes qui croissent spontanement ou qui sont cultivees en grand dans les departements arroses par la Loire et ses affluents avec l analyse des genres et des especes Vol 1857 3e ed tres augm ed Paris Librairie encyclopedique de Roret a b c d e f g h Viola Reichenbachiana Early Dog Violet FirstNature 2022 https www first nature com flowers viola reichenbachiana php Viola Riviniana Common Dog Violet FirstNature 2022 https www first nature com flowers viola riviniana php text Common 20Dog violets 20 28referred 20to 20as 20Dog violets 20because 20they as 20late 20as 20the 20start 20of 20July 20Uses a b c d e Viola Reichenbachiana RHS Gardening RHS Plant Finder amp Selector Royal Horticultural Society https www rhs org uk plants 98441 viola reichenbachiana details Viola Reichenbachiana Jordan Plants for a Future Database PFAF https pfaf org user Plant aspx LatinName Viola 2Breichenbachiana text The 20plant 20is 20used 20as sores 20and 20wounds 5B240 5D a b Viola Diseases Old House Web OHW Database 2022 https www oldhouseweb com gardening viola diseases shtml Partridge James 2007 Viola bavarica the punctual Dog violet BSBI News 106 8 9 illustrated with colour photographs on inside back cover of this edition nbsp Media related to Viola reichenbachiana at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Viola reichenbachiana amp oldid 1218067054, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
