fbpx
Wikipedia

E Bukura e Dheut

March 14, 2023

E Bukura e Dheut (the "Beauty of the Earth" or "Earthly Beauty") is a character in Albanian mythology and folklore,[1] depicted in some traditions as a crafty fairy, and in other traditions as a chthonic/earth goddess, the counterpart of e Bukura e Detit (the Beauty of the Sea) and i Bukuri i Qiellit (the Beauty of the Sky).[2] In some Albanian traditions she is regarded as the sister of e Bukura e Detit and the consort of Baba Tomor.[3][4]

The quest for the e Bukura e Dheut is a very popular and frequent motif in Albanian folktales:[5][6] the princely hero must search for or rescue the Earthly Beauty, even going into her mystical underworld palace.[7]

Role

E Bukura e Dheut is beauty itself, golden-haired,[8] but may also appear in the form of an arap with black skin. She may be a good spirit or (more often) evil, with magical powers the derive from her dress,[9][10] and lives in the underworld, where her palace is guarded by a three-headed dog,[1] a kuçedra and all sorts of other weird and wonderful creatures. She is sometimes described as always ready to help, and so powerful that she can undertake tasks that would normally be the province of God or of an angel.[11]

In some traditions e Bukura e Dheut is a chthonic goddess of the underworld or earth goddess,[12][a] The ancestors of the Albanians presumably had in common with the Ancient Greek theogony the tripartite division of the administration of the world into heaven, sea, and underworld, and in the same functions as the Greek deities Zeus, Poseidon, and Hades, they would have worshiped the deities referred to as the Beauty of the Sky (i Bukuri i Qiellit), the Beauty of the Sea (e Bukura e Detit), and the Beauty of the Earth (e Bukura e Dheut). The phrases "the Beauty of the Sea" and "the Beauty of the Earth" are kept to refer to figures of Albanian folk beliefs and fairy tales, "the Beauty of the Sky" continues to be used in Albanian to refer to the monotheistic God.[14][15] In central Albanian folklore, e Bukura e Dheut is the wife of Baba Tomor.[4]

Appearances in folktales

Albanologist Robert Elsie and Janice Mathie-Heck stated that the character is very popular in Albanian myths and fairy tales.[16] The quest for the e Bukura e Dheut is a very popular and frequent motif in Albanian folktales:[5][6] the princely hero must search for or rescue the Earthly Beauty, even going into her mystical underworld palace.[7]

English traveller Lucy Mary Jane Garnett noted the character is present in Albanian and Greek folktales as "Beauty of the Earth" or "[Beauty of] the World".[17]

In Albania

Her name is given as "Beautiful of the Earth" by Martin Camaj[18] and she is present as a character in Albanian Wonder Tales, by George Post Wheeler:[19] The Boy who killed the Dîf, The Boy who took the Letter to the World where the Dead live, The Boy who was fated to be a King and The Boy who was Brother to the Drague. This last tale is an English translation of the epic The Twins, the story of brothers Zjermi and Handa.[20]

Her name is translated as "Belle of the Earth" in another variant of tale type ATU 707, identified as the "Albanian version" of the story, collected in Auguste Dozon's Contes Albanais (Paris, 1881) and published in Variants and analogues of the tales in Vol. III of Sir R. F. Burton's Supplemental Arabian Nights (1887), by W. A. Clouston. Dozon himself had collected three tales with the character, named La Belle de la Terre: Tale II - Les Soeurs Jaleuses[21] ("The Envious Sisters"),[22] Tale V - La Belle de la Terre ("The Beauty of the World")[23] and Tale XII - La Loubie et la Belle de la Terre.[24]

Parisian professor André Mazon published a study on Balkan folklore, with four tales of The Beauty of the Earth, whose name he wrote down as lepinata zemiâtuj or lepinata zemjëtuj: La Chevrette Merveilleuse, Belle de la Terre, Les Trois Soeurs and Le Fils de L'Ourse.[25]

French comparativist Emmanuel Cosquin, in his folklore analysis, cited her as La Belle de la Terre (the French translation of her name), in a tale collected by Holger Pedersen:[26] a youth, son of a hunter, touches four pieces of flesh hanging from a tree; they reform into the Beauty of Earth, who explains she has been a captive of a "dark elf" for 10 years.[27] Cosquin also quoted the tale where the Beauty of the Earth disguises herself in her "dark skin" and assumes another identity. The motif of the magical dress or garment also happens in a story where her suitor brings home to his mother the magical dress.[28]

German albanologist Robert Elsie translated her name as "Earthly Beauty", in his book Albanian Folktales and Legends,[29] and she appears in six tales of his compilation: The Youth and the Maiden with Stars on their Foreheads and Crescents on their Breasts, The three friends and the Earthly Beauty, The Boy and the Earthly Beauty, The Scurfhead (as a trio of Earthly Beauties living in an underground kingdom), The Stirrup Moor (as the true identity of the Moor and helper of the hero) and The King's Daughter and the Skull (as a fairy who disenchants the skull).[30]

This character's name is translated as Schöne der Erde in German translations by linguist August Leskien, in his book of Balkan folktales: "Die Lubi und die Schöne der Erde", "Die Schöne der Erde", "Die neidischen Schwestern" (a variant of the ATU 707 tale type), and in "Die Nachtigall Gisar" (where she appears as the owner of the nightingale Gisar).[31] She also appears in Das Haar der Schönen der Erde ("The Hair of the Beauty of the Earth"), in von Hahn's book of Albanian fairy tales,[32] and in Die drei Gesellen, from author Gustav Meyer.[33] Lucy Mary Jane Garnett translated Leskien's Albanian tale as The Liouvía and the Beauty of The Earth.[34]

The Beauty of the Earth also appears in the tale Peshkatari dhe e Bukura e dheut ("The Fisherman and the Beauty of the World"), collected by Anton Çetta in his Përralla, Vol II,[35] and in the compilation by Donat Kurti, in the story of "The Beauty of the Earth and the Shtriga" (e Bukura e dheut dhe shtriga).[36]

Folklorist Anton Berisha published another Albanian language tale with the character, titled "Djali i vogël i padishajt dhe e bukura e dheut që bahesh skile".[37]

In Greece

This mythological figure has been found in the Arvanitika dialect of Albanian, in Greece, with the name written in Greek derived script: Ε μπούκουρα ε δέουτ.[38]

A character named "Beauty of the Land" appears in a fairy tale variant of the Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index 707, The Three Golden Children (The Dancing Water, the Singing Apple, and the Speaking Bird), collected in the village of Zagori, Epirus, by J. G. Von Hahn in his Griechische und Albanische Märchen (Leipzig, 1864), and analysed by Arthur Bernard Cook in his Zeus, a Study in Ancient Religion.[39]

In the tale The Twin Brothers (tale type ATU 303, "The Twins or Blood Brothers"), published (as unsourced) by Andrew Lang in his The Grey Fairy Book and compiled by scholar Georgios A. Megas in his book Folktales of Greece, an old woman reveals that the infertility of a fisherman's wife can be cured by ingesting the flesh of a gold-fish, and after some should be given to her she-dogs and mares. Male twins are born, two foals and two puppies - each brother getting a hound and a horse. A pair of cypress trees also sprout in the fisherman's garden and act as their life token. When one of the twins leaves home, he arrives at a kingdom and tries to woo the princess of this kingdom, by performing three tasks for her father. The princess's name is given as "Fairest in the Land" in Lang's translation, and as "Beauty of the Country" in Megas's version.[40][41] This tale was originally collected in German by Austrian consul Johann Georg von Hahn from Negades, Zagori. with the title Die Zwillingsbrüder. In Hahn's version, the princess is named "Schönen des Landes".[42]

In another tale collected by Georgios A. Megas, The Navel of the Earth, a dying king makes his sons promise to wed his three sisters to whoever passes by their castle after his death. The youngest marries his sisters off, respectively, to a lame man, a one-eyed man and a man in rags. Later, he decides to win the "Beauty of the World" as his bride, despite her dangerous reputation.[43]

In Italy

In the heroic tale "The Twins" (Albanian: Binoshët; Italian: I Gemelli) collected by Giuseppe Schirò in Piana degli Albanesi and published in his 1923 Canti tradizionali ed altri saggi delle colonie albanesi di Sicilia, e Bukura e Dheut is translated in Italian as "la Bella della Terra".[44]

According to Albanologist Robert Elsie, Bernardo Bilotta, an Italian poet and writer of Arbëresh descent, has composed unpublished narrative poems with fairy tale motifs, based on the legend of "The Beauty of the Earth":[45] E bukura e Jetës (La Bella del Mondo)[46] (1894) and La Bella Gioia (1896).[47][48]

See also

Sources

Footnotes

  1. ^ In a German-language review of a book of Albanian folktales, the reviewer cited that many figures of Albanian mythology appear in the book. He also described Bukura e Dheut in the following terms: die Schone der Erde, d. i. die Gottin der Unterwelt, des Frühlings und des Wachstums ("the Beauty of the Earth, i.e., the Goddess of the Underworld, of Spring and of Growth").[13]

Citations

  1. ^ a b Poghirc 1987, p. 179.
  2. ^ Fishta & Lambertz 1958, p. 284; Bane 2013, p. 70; Elsie 2001a, pp. 79–81; Çabej 1975, p. 120; Halimi 1972, p. 132; Ushaku 1988, p. 101; Lüthi 1987, pp. 5–6; Noygues 2008, p. 86.
  3. ^ Bane 2013, p. 70.
  4. ^ a b Elsie 2001a, pp. 252–254.
  5. ^ a b Norris 1993, p. 63.
  6. ^ a b Lambertz 1922, pp. 40–45.
  7. ^ a b Pojani 2017, pp. 1–16.
  8. ^ Sánchez Lizarralde 2004, p. 103.
  9. ^ Clouston, W. A. Popular tales and fictions: their migrations and transformations. Edinburgh; London: W. Blackwood. 1887. p. 188-189.
  10. ^ Dozon, Auguste. Contes Albanais. Paris: Leroux. 1881. p. xxii.
  11. ^ Lurker 2005, p. 38.
  12. ^ Lüthi 1987, pp. 5–6.
  13. ^ Glück, J. F. Review: [Reviewed Work: Die geflügelte Schwester und die Dunklender Erde. Albanische Volksmärchen by Maximilian Lambertz]. Zeitschrift Für Ethnologie 78, no. 1 (1953): 150-51. Accessed March 5, 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25840161.
  14. ^ Fishta & Lambertz 1958, p. 284
  15. ^ Lurker 2005, p. 38
  16. ^ Elsie, Robert; Mathie-Heck, Janice (2004). Songs of the Frontier Warriors. Wauconda, Illinois: Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Incorporated. p. 369. ISBN 0-86516-412-6.
  17. ^ Garnett, Lucy Mary Jane and Stuart-Glennie, John S. The Women of Turkey and Their Folk-lore. Vol. 2: The Jewish and Moslem Women. London: David Nutt. 1891. p. 304.
  18. ^ Camaj, Martin. Albanian Grammar: With Exercises, Chrestomathy and Glossaries. Collab. on and translated by Leonard Fox. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. 1984. p. 305. ISBN 3-447-02467-4.
  19. ^ Wheeler 1936, pp. XV–XVIII.
  20. ^ Wheeler 1936, pp. 247–280.
  21. ^ Dozon, Auguste (1881). Contes Albanais. Paris: Leroux. pp. 7–16.
  22. ^ “The Jealous Sisters: An Albanian Folk Tale”. In: The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 9, no. 26, 1930, pp. 308–311. JSTOR. [www.jstor.org/stable/4202524]. Accessed 11 Apr. 2020.
  23. ^ Dozon, Auguste (1881). Contes Albanais. Paris: Leroux. pp. 35–40.
  24. ^ Dozon, Auguste (1881). Contes Albanais. Paris: Leroux. pp. 83–96.
  25. ^ Mazon 1936.
  26. ^ Cosquin, Emmanuel. Les contes indiens et l'occident: petites monographies folkloriques à propos de contes Maures. Paris: Champion. 1922. pp. 25, 250-252, and 422-423.
  27. ^ Krappe, Alexander Haggerty. "[www.persee.fr/doc/roma_0035-8029_1932_num_58_230_4087 Sur un épisode de l'Atre périlleux"]. In: Romania, tome 58 n°230, 1932. p. 264. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.3406/roma.1932.4087]
  28. ^ Clouston, W. A. Popular tales and fictions: their migrations and transformations. Edinburgh; London: W. Blackwood. 1887. p. 188-189.
  29. ^ Elsie 2001b.
  30. ^ Elsie 2001b, pp. 10, 26, 42.
  31. ^ Leskien, August. Balkanmärchen aus Albanien, Bulgarien, Serbien und Kroatien. Jena, E. Diederichs. 1919. pp. 216-222, 244-251, 265-270 and 228-236.
  32. ^ Hahn, Johann Georg von. Griechische und Albanesische Märchen 1-2. München/Berlin: Georg Müller. 1918. pp. 131-133.
  33. ^ Meyer, Gustav. "Albanische Märchen". In: Archiv für Litteraturgeschichte. nr. 12. 1884. pp. 96-105.
  34. ^ Garnett, Lucy Mary Jane and Stuart-Glennie, John S. The Women of Turkey and Their Folk-lore. Vol. 2: The Jewish and Moslem Women. London: David Nutt. 1891. pp. 305-313.
  35. ^ Çetta, Anton. Përralla II. Prishtinë: Instituti Albanologjik. 1982. pp. 189-192.
  36. ^ Kurti, Donat. Prralla kombëtare: mbledhë prej gojës së popullit I. 2. vyd. Shkodër: A. Gj. Fishta. 1942. pp. 51-57.
  37. ^ Berisha, Anton. Antologji e përrallës shqipe. Rilindja, 1982. pp. 151-156.
  38. ^ ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΟΣ, ΤΣΟΠΑΝΗΣ. ΚΟΚΚΙΝΗ ΚΛΩΣΤΗ ΔΕΜΕΝΗ, ΣΤΑ ΜΕΣΟΓΕΙΑ ΠΛΕΓΜΕΝΗ...: ΑΡΒΑΝΙΤΙΚΑ ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΙΑ ΤΩΝ ΜΕΣΟΓΕΙΩΝ. Prima Materia. 2018. ISBN 9786188328211
  39. ^ "Appendix F". In: Cook, Arthur Bernard. Zeus, A Study In Ancient Religion. Cambridge University Press. 1925. Vol. II: Zeus, God of the Dark Sky (Thunder and Lightning). Part II: Appendixes and Index. pp. 1006-1007.
  40. ^ Lang, Andrew. The Grey Fairy Book. New York: Longmans, Green. 1905. pp. 322-331.
  41. ^ Megas, Geōrgios A. Folktales of Greece. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. 1970. p. 37ff (tale nr. 21).
  42. ^ Hahn, Johann Georg von. Griechische und Albanesische Märchen 1-2. München/Berlin: Georg Müller, 1918 [1864]. pp. 122-130.
  43. ^ Megas, Geōrgios A. Folktales of Greece. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. 1970. p. 93ff (tale nr. 34).
  44. ^ Schirò 1923, pp. 411–439.
  45. ^ Elsie, Robert. HISTORI E LETËRSISË SHQIPTARE. 1997
  46. ^ Metani, Idriz. "Rreth "Fjalorit të Arbëreshëve të Italisë" të Emanuele Giordanos". In: SEMINARI NDËRKOMBËTAR PËR GJUHËN, LETËRSINË DHE KULTURËN SHQIPTARE (INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR FOR ALBANIAN LANGUAGE, LITERATURE AND CULTURE). REVISTË / JOURNAL 37. Prishtinë/Tirana: FAKULTETI I FILOLOGJISË/FACULTY OF HISTORY-PHILOLOGY. 2018. p. 233. ISSN 2521-3687 [1]
  47. ^ "Cultura".
  48. ^ "Emanuele Giordano Homepage".

Bibliography

  • Bane, Theresa (2013). Encyclopedia of Fairies in World Folklore and Mythology. McFarland. ISBN 9781476612423.
  • Çabej, Eqrem (1975). Studime gjuhësore: Gjuhë. Folklor. Letërsi. Diskutime (in Albanian). Vol. 5. Rilindja.
  • Clouston, W. A. Variants and analogues of the tales in Vol. III of Sir R. F. Burton's Supplemental Arabian Nights. 1887. pp. 617–648.
  • Cook, Arthur Bernard. Zeus, A Study In Ancient Religion. Cambridge University Press. 1925. Vol. II, Part I. Appendix F. pp. 1003–1019.
  • Folktales and Fairy Tales: Traditions and Texts from around the World. 2nd Edition. Vol I: A-F. Edited by: Anne E. Duggan and Donald Haase, with Helen J. Callow. Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. 2016. pp. 22–23.
  • Elsie, Robert (2001a). A Dictionary of Albanian Religion, Mythology and Folk Culture. London: Hurst & Company. ISBN 1-85065-570-7.
  • Elsie, Robert (2001b). Albanian Folktales and Legends. Dukagjini Publishing House.
  • Hahn, Johann Georg von. Griechische und albanesische Märchen. Leipzig: W. Engelmann. 1864.
  • Fishta, Gjergj; Lambertz, Maximilian (1958). "Die Laute des Hochlandes (Lahuta e malcis)". Südosteuropäische Arbeiten. R. Oldenbourg. 51. ISSN 0933-6850.
  • Halimi, Mehmet (1972). "Vëzhgime mbi të folmen e Moravës së Poshtme". Gjurmime Albanologjike. Albanological Institute of Prishtina. 1–4.
  • Lambertz, Maximilian (1922). Albanische Märchen (und andere Texte zur albanischen Volkskunde). Wien: A. Hölder.
  • Lurker, Manfred (2005). The Routledge Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses, Devils and Demons. Routledge, Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-203-64351-8.
  • Lüthi, Max (1987). The Fairytale as Art Form and Portrait of Man. Translated by John Erickson. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-32099-2.
  • Leskien, August. Balkanmärchen aus Albanien, Bulgarien, Serbien und Kroatien. Jena, E. Diederichs. 1919.
  • Mazon, André (1936). Documents, Contes et Chansons Slaves de l'Albanie du Sud (PDF). Bibliothèque d'Études Balkaniques. Vol. 5. Paris: Librarie Droz.
  • Norris, Harry Thirlwall (1993). Islam in the Balkans: Religion and Society Between Europe and the Arab World. University of South Carolina Press. ISBN 0-87249-977-4.
  • Noygues, Évelyne (2008). Les contes dans la culture albanaise: Le thème de l'emmurement à travers Marguerite Yourcenar et Ismail Kadaré. Orients - Bulletin de l’association des anciens élèves et amis des langues orientales. pp. 81–89.
  • Poghirc, Cicerone (1987). "Albanian Religion". In Mircea Eliade (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Religion. Vol. 1. New York: MacMillan Publishing Co. pp. 178–180.
  • Pojani, Dorina (2017). "Cities as story: Redevelopment projects in authoritarian and hybrid regimes" (PDF). Journal of Urban Affairs. 40 (5): 1–16. doi:10.1080/07352166.2017.1360737. S2CID 158909752.
  • Sánchez Lizarralde, Ramón (2004). Ramón Sánchez Lizarralde (ed.). El agradecimiento del muerto: Cuentos populares albaneses. Translated by Ramón Sánchez Lizarralde. Alberdania: Alga Narrativa. ISBN 84-95589-96-6.
  • Schirò, Giuseppe (1923). Canti tradizionali ed altri saggi delle colonie albanesi di Sicilia. Stab. tip. L. Pierro.
  • Ushaku, Ruzhdi (1988). "Mbi strukturën leksiko-semantike dhe etimologjike të tipit të togfjalëshit të shqipes burri i dheut (Mundësia për një rindërtim)". Gjurmime Albanologjike. Albanological Institute of Prishtina. 17–18: 63–76.
  • Wheeler, G. Post (1936). Albanian Wonder Tales. New York: The Junior Literary Guild and Doubleday, Doran and Company, Inc. pp. 247–280.

March 14, 2023
bukura, dheut, beauty, earth, earthly, beauty, character, albanian, mythology, folklore, depicted, some, traditions, crafty, fairy, other, traditions, chthonic, earth, goddess, counterpart, bukura, detit, beauty, bukuri, qiellit, beauty, some, albanian, tradit. E Bukura e Dheut the Beauty of the Earth or Earthly Beauty is a character in Albanian mythology and folklore 1 depicted in some traditions as a crafty fairy and in other traditions as a chthonic earth goddess the counterpart of e Bukura e Detit the Beauty of the Sea and i Bukuri i Qiellit the Beauty of the Sky 2 In some Albanian traditions she is regarded as the sister of e Bukura e Detit and the consort of Baba Tomor 3 4 The quest for the e Bukura e Dheut is a very popular and frequent motif in Albanian folktales 5 6 the princely hero must search for or rescue the Earthly Beauty even going into her mystical underworld palace 7 Contents 1 Role 2 Appearances in folktales 2 1 In Albania 2 2 In Greece 2 3 In Italy 3 See also 4 Sources 4 1 Footnotes 4 2 Citations 4 3 BibliographyRole EditE Bukura e Dheut is beauty itself golden haired 8 but may also appear in the form of an arap with black skin She may be a good spirit or more often evil with magical powers the derive from her dress 9 10 and lives in the underworld where her palace is guarded by a three headed dog 1 a kucedra and all sorts of other weird and wonderful creatures She is sometimes described as always ready to help and so powerful that she can undertake tasks that would normally be the province of God or of an angel 11 In some traditions e Bukura e Dheut is a chthonic goddess of the underworld or earth goddess 12 a The ancestors of the Albanians presumably had in common with the Ancient Greek theogony the tripartite division of the administration of the world into heaven sea and underworld and in the same functions as the Greek deities Zeus Poseidon and Hades they would have worshiped the deities referred to as the Beauty of the Sky i Bukuri i Qiellit the Beauty of the Sea e Bukura e Detit and the Beauty of the Earth e Bukura e Dheut The phrases the Beauty of the Sea and the Beauty of the Earth are kept to refer to figures of Albanian folk beliefs and fairy tales the Beauty of the Sky continues to be used in Albanian to refer to the monotheistic God 14 15 In central Albanian folklore e Bukura e Dheut is the wife of Baba Tomor 4 Appearances in folktales EditAlbanologist Robert Elsie and Janice Mathie Heck stated that the character is very popular in Albanian myths and fairy tales 16 The quest for the e Bukura e Dheut is a very popular and frequent motif in Albanian folktales 5 6 the princely hero must search for or rescue the Earthly Beauty even going into her mystical underworld palace 7 English traveller Lucy Mary Jane Garnett noted the character is present in Albanian and Greek folktales as Beauty of the Earth or Beauty of the World 17 In Albania Edit Her name is given as Beautiful of the Earth by Martin Camaj 18 and she is present as a character in Albanian Wonder Tales by George Post Wheeler 19 The Boy who killed the Dif The Boy who took the Letter to the World where the Dead live The Boy who was fated to be a King and The Boy who was Brother to the Drague This last tale is an English translation of the epic The Twins the story of brothers Zjermi and Handa 20 Her name is translated as Belle of the Earth in another variant of tale type ATU 707 identified as the Albanian version of the story collected in Auguste Dozon s Contes Albanais Paris 1881 and published in Variants and analogues of the tales in Vol III of Sir R F Burton s Supplemental Arabian Nights 1887 by W A Clouston Dozon himself had collected three tales with the character named La Belle de la Terre Tale II Les Soeurs Jaleuses 21 The Envious Sisters 22 Tale V La Belle de la Terre The Beauty of the World 23 and Tale XII La Loubie et la Belle de la Terre 24 Parisian professor Andre Mazon published a study on Balkan folklore with four tales of The Beauty of the Earth whose name he wrote down as lepinata zemiatuj or lepinata zemjetuj La Chevrette Merveilleuse Belle de la Terre Les Trois Soeurs and Le Fils de L Ourse 25 French comparativist Emmanuel Cosquin in his folklore analysis cited her as La Belle de la Terre the French translation of her name in a tale collected by Holger Pedersen 26 a youth son of a hunter touches four pieces of flesh hanging from a tree they reform into the Beauty of Earth who explains she has been a captive of a dark elf for 10 years 27 Cosquin also quoted the tale where the Beauty of the Earth disguises herself in her dark skin and assumes another identity The motif of the magical dress or garment also happens in a story where her suitor brings home to his mother the magical dress 28 German albanologist Robert Elsie translated her name as Earthly Beauty in his book Albanian Folktales and Legends 29 and she appears in six tales of his compilation The Youth and the Maiden with Stars on their Foreheads and Crescents on their Breasts The three friends and the Earthly Beauty The Boy and the Earthly Beauty The Scurfhead as a trio of Earthly Beauties living in an underground kingdom The Stirrup Moor as the true identity of the Moor and helper of the hero and The King s Daughter and the Skull as a fairy who disenchants the skull 30 This character s name is translated as Schone der Erde in German translations by linguist August Leskien in his book of Balkan folktales Die Lubi und die Schone der Erde Die Schone der Erde Die neidischen Schwestern a variant of the ATU 707 tale type and in Die Nachtigall Gisar where she appears as the owner of the nightingale Gisar 31 She also appears in Das Haar der Schonen der Erde The Hair of the Beauty of the Earth in von Hahn s book of Albanian fairy tales 32 and in Die drei Gesellen from author Gustav Meyer 33 Lucy Mary Jane Garnett translated Leskien s Albanian tale as The Liouvia and the Beauty of The Earth 34 The Beauty of the Earth also appears in the tale Peshkatari dhe e Bukura e dheut The Fisherman and the Beauty of the World collected by Anton Cetta in his Perralla Vol II 35 and in the compilation by Donat Kurti in the story of The Beauty of the Earth and the Shtriga e Bukura e dheut dhe shtriga 36 Folklorist Anton Berisha published another Albanian language tale with the character titled Djali i vogel i padishajt dhe e bukura e dheut qe bahesh skile 37 In Greece Edit This mythological figure has been found in the Arvanitika dialect of Albanian in Greece with the name written in Greek derived script E mpoykoyra e deoyt 38 A character named Beauty of the Land appears in a fairy tale variant of the Aarne Thompson Uther Index 707 The Three Golden Children The Dancing Water the Singing Apple and the Speaking Bird collected in the village of Zagori Epirus by J G Von Hahn in his Griechische und Albanische Marchen Leipzig 1864 and analysed by Arthur Bernard Cook in his Zeus a Study in Ancient Religion 39 In the tale The Twin Brothers tale type ATU 303 The Twins or Blood Brothers published as unsourced by Andrew Lang in his The Grey Fairy Book and compiled by scholar Georgios A Megas in his book Folktales of Greece an old woman reveals that the infertility of a fisherman s wife can be cured by ingesting the flesh of a gold fish and after some should be given to her she dogs and mares Male twins are born two foals and two puppies each brother getting a hound and a horse A pair of cypress trees also sprout in the fisherman s garden and act as their life token When one of the twins leaves home he arrives at a kingdom and tries to woo the princess of this kingdom by performing three tasks for her father The princess s name is given as Fairest in the Land in Lang s translation and as Beauty of the Country in Megas s version 40 41 This tale was originally collected in German by Austrian consul Johann Georg von Hahn from Negades Zagori with the title Die Zwillingsbruder In Hahn s version the princess is named Schonen des Landes 42 In another tale collected by Georgios A Megas The Navel of the Earth a dying king makes his sons promise to wed his three sisters to whoever passes by their castle after his death The youngest marries his sisters off respectively to a lame man a one eyed man and a man in rags Later he decides to win the Beauty of the World as his bride despite her dangerous reputation 43 In Italy Edit In the heroic tale The Twins Albanian Binoshet Italian I Gemelli collected by Giuseppe Schiro in Piana degli Albanesi and published in his 1923 Canti tradizionali ed altri saggi delle colonie albanesi di Sicilia e Bukura e Dheut is translated in Italian as la Bella della Terra 44 According to Albanologist Robert Elsie Bernardo Bilotta an Italian poet and writer of Arberesh descent has composed unpublished narrative poems with fairy tale motifs based on the legend of The Beauty of the Earth 45 E bukura e Jetes La Bella del Mondo 46 1894 and La Bella Gioia 1896 47 48 See also EditAlbanian folk beliefsSources EditFootnotes Edit In a German language review of a book of Albanian folktales the reviewer cited that many figures of Albanian mythology appear in the book He also described Bukura e Dheut in the following terms die Schone der Erde d i die Gottin der Unterwelt des Fruhlings und des Wachstums the Beauty of the Earth i e the Goddess of the Underworld of Spring and of Growth 13 Citations Edit a b Poghirc 1987 p 179 Fishta amp Lambertz 1958 p 284 Bane 2013 p 70 Elsie 2001a pp 79 81 Cabej 1975 p 120 Halimi 1972 p 132 Ushaku 1988 p 101 Luthi 1987 pp 5 6 Noygues 2008 p 86 Bane 2013 p 70 a b Elsie 2001a pp 252 254 a b Norris 1993 p 63 a b Lambertz 1922 pp 40 45 a b Pojani 2017 pp 1 16 Sanchez Lizarralde 2004 p 103 Clouston W A Popular tales and fictions their migrations and transformations Edinburgh London W Blackwood 1887 p 188 189 Dozon Auguste Contes Albanais Paris Leroux 1881 p xxii Lurker 2005 p 38 Luthi 1987 pp 5 6 Gluck J F Review Reviewed Work Die geflugelte Schwester und die Dunklender Erde Albanische Volksmarchen by Maximilian Lambertz Zeitschrift Fur Ethnologie 78 no 1 1953 150 51 Accessed March 5 2021 http www jstor org stable 25840161 Fishta amp Lambertz 1958 p 284 Lurker 2005 p 38 Elsie Robert Mathie Heck Janice 2004 Songs of the Frontier Warriors Wauconda Illinois Bolchazy Carducci Publishers Incorporated p 369 ISBN 0 86516 412 6 Garnett Lucy Mary Jane and Stuart Glennie John S The Women of Turkey and Their Folk lore Vol 2 The Jewish and Moslem Women London David Nutt 1891 p 304 Camaj Martin Albanian Grammar With Exercises Chrestomathy and Glossaries Collab on and translated by Leonard Fox Wiesbaden Harrassowitz 1984 p 305 ISBN 3 447 02467 4 Wheeler 1936 pp XV XVIII Wheeler 1936 pp 247 280 Dozon Auguste 1881 Contes Albanais Paris Leroux pp 7 16 The Jealous Sisters An Albanian Folk Tale In The Slavonic and East European Review vol 9 no 26 1930 pp 308 311 JSTOR www jstor org stable 4202524 Accessed 11 Apr 2020 Dozon Auguste 1881 Contes Albanais Paris Leroux pp 35 40 Dozon Auguste 1881 Contes Albanais Paris Leroux pp 83 96 Mazon 1936 Cosquin Emmanuel Les contes indiens et l occident petites monographies folkloriques a propos de contes Maures Paris Champion 1922 pp 25 250 252 and 422 423 Krappe Alexander Haggerty www persee fr doc roma 0035 8029 1932 num 58 230 4087 Sur un episode de l Atre perilleux In Romania tome 58 n 230 1932 p 264 DOI https doi org 10 3406 roma 1932 4087 Clouston W A Popular tales and fictions their migrations and transformations Edinburgh London W Blackwood 1887 p 188 189 Elsie 2001b Elsie 2001b pp 10 26 42 Leskien August Balkanmarchen aus Albanien Bulgarien Serbien und Kroatien Jena E Diederichs 1919 pp 216 222 244 251 265 270 and 228 236 Hahn Johann Georg von Griechische und Albanesische Marchen 1 2 Munchen Berlin Georg Muller 1918 pp 131 133 Meyer Gustav Albanische Marchen In Archiv fur Litteraturgeschichte nr 12 1884 pp 96 105 Garnett Lucy Mary Jane and Stuart Glennie John S The Women of Turkey and Their Folk lore Vol 2 The Jewish and Moslem Women London David Nutt 1891 pp 305 313 Cetta Anton Perralla II Prishtine Instituti Albanologjik 1982 pp 189 192 Kurti Donat Prralla kombetare mbledhe prej gojes se popullit I 2 vyd Shkoder A Gj Fishta 1942 pp 51 57 Berisha Anton Antologji e perralles shqipe Rilindja 1982 pp 151 156 KWNSTANTINOS TSOPANHS KOKKINH KLWSTH DEMENH STA MESOGEIA PLEGMENH ARBANITIKA PARAMY8IA TWN MESOGEIWN Prima Materia 2018 ISBN 9786188328211 Appendix F In Cook Arthur Bernard Zeus A Study In Ancient Religion Cambridge University Press 1925 Vol II Zeus God of the Dark Sky Thunder and Lightning Part II Appendixes and Index pp 1006 1007 Lang Andrew The Grey Fairy Book New York Longmans Green 1905 pp 322 331 Megas Geōrgios A Folktales of Greece Chicago University of Chicago Press 1970 p 37ff tale nr 21 Hahn Johann Georg von Griechische und Albanesische Marchen 1 2 Munchen Berlin Georg Muller 1918 1864 pp 122 130 Megas Geōrgios A Folktales of Greece Chicago University of Chicago Press 1970 p 93ff tale nr 34 Schiro 1923 pp 411 439 Elsie Robert HISTORI E LETERSISE SHQIPTARE 1997 Metani Idriz Rreth Fjalorit te Arberesheve te Italise te Emanuele Giordanos In SEMINARI NDERKOMBETAR PER GJUHEN LETERSINE DHE KULTUREN SHQIPTARE INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR FOR ALBANIAN LANGUAGE LITERATURE AND CULTURE REVISTE JOURNAL 37 Prishtine Tirana FAKULTETI I FILOLOGJISE FACULTY OF HISTORY PHILOLOGY 2018 p 233 ISSN 2521 3687 1 Cultura Emanuele Giordano Homepage Bibliography Edit Bane Theresa 2013 Encyclopedia of Fairies in World Folklore and Mythology McFarland ISBN 9781476612423 Cabej Eqrem 1975 Studime gjuhesore Gjuhe Folklor Letersi Diskutime in Albanian Vol 5 Rilindja Clouston W A Variants and analogues of the tales in Vol III of Sir R F Burton s Supplemental Arabian Nights 1887 pp 617 648 Cook Arthur Bernard Zeus A Study In Ancient Religion Cambridge University Press 1925 Vol II Part I Appendix F pp 1003 1019 Folktales and Fairy Tales Traditions and Texts from around the World 2nd Edition Vol I A F Edited by Anne E Duggan and Donald Haase with Helen J Callow Santa Barbara California Greenwood 2016 pp 22 23 Elsie Robert 2001a A Dictionary of Albanian Religion Mythology and Folk Culture London Hurst amp Company ISBN 1 85065 570 7 Elsie Robert 2001b Albanian Folktales and Legends Dukagjini Publishing House Hahn Johann Georg von Griechische und albanesische Marchen Leipzig W Engelmann 1864 Fishta Gjergj Lambertz Maximilian 1958 Die Laute des Hochlandes Lahuta e malcis Sudosteuropaische Arbeiten R Oldenbourg 51 ISSN 0933 6850 Halimi Mehmet 1972 Vezhgime mbi te folmen e Moraves se Poshtme Gjurmime Albanologjike Albanological Institute of Prishtina 1 4 Lambertz Maximilian 1922 Albanische Marchen und andere Texte zur albanischen Volkskunde Wien A Holder Lurker Manfred 2005 The Routledge Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses Devils and Demons Routledge Taylor amp Francis ISBN 0 203 64351 8 Luthi Max 1987 The Fairytale as Art Form and Portrait of Man Translated by John Erickson Indiana University Press ISBN 0 253 32099 2 Leskien August Balkanmarchen aus Albanien Bulgarien Serbien und Kroatien Jena E Diederichs 1919 Mazon Andre 1936 Documents Contes et Chansons Slaves de l Albanie du Sud PDF Bibliotheque d Etudes Balkaniques Vol 5 Paris Librarie Droz Norris Harry Thirlwall 1993 Islam in the Balkans Religion and Society Between Europe and the Arab World University of South Carolina Press ISBN 0 87249 977 4 Noygues Evelyne 2008 Les contes dans la culture albanaise Le theme de l emmurement a travers Marguerite Yourcenar et Ismail Kadare Orients Bulletin de l association des anciens eleves et amis des langues orientales pp 81 89 Poghirc Cicerone 1987 Albanian Religion In Mircea Eliade ed The Encyclopedia of Religion Vol 1 New York MacMillan Publishing Co pp 178 180 Pojani Dorina 2017 Cities as story Redevelopment projects in authoritarian and hybrid regimes PDF Journal of Urban Affairs 40 5 1 16 doi 10 1080 07352166 2017 1360737 S2CID 158909752 Sanchez Lizarralde Ramon 2004 Ramon Sanchez Lizarralde ed El agradecimiento del muerto Cuentos populares albaneses Translated by Ramon Sanchez Lizarralde Alberdania Alga Narrativa ISBN 84 95589 96 6 Schiro Giuseppe 1923 Canti tradizionali ed altri saggi delle colonie albanesi di Sicilia Stab tip L Pierro Ushaku Ruzhdi 1988 Mbi strukturen leksiko semantike dhe etimologjike te tipit te togfjaleshit te shqipes burri i dheut Mundesia per nje rindertim Gjurmime Albanologjike Albanological Institute of Prishtina 17 18 63 76 Wheeler G Post 1936 Albanian Wonder Tales New York The Junior Literary Guild and Doubleday Doran and Company Inc pp 247 280 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title E Bukura e Dheut amp oldid 1144432522, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.