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Duke Peter Alexandrovich of Oldenburg

October 27, 2023

Duke Peter Alexandrovich of Oldenburg (21 November 1868 – 11 March 1924) was the first husband of Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia, the youngest sister of Tsar Nicholas II.

Duke Peter Alexandrovich
Peter of Oldenburg and his wife Olga
Born(1868-11-21)21 November 1868
Oldenburg Palace, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire
Died11 March 1924(1924-03-11) (aged 55)
Antibes, France
SpouseGrand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia
FatherDuke Alexander Petrovich of Oldenburg
MotherPrincess Eugenia Maximilianovna of Leuchtenberg

Biography edit

Early life edit

He was born in Saint Petersburg in the Oldenburg Palace (present-day site of Saint-Petersburg State University of Culture and Arts), the only child of Duke Alexander Petrovich of Oldenburg (1844–1932) and Princess Eugenia Maximilianovna of Leuchtenberg (1845–1925). His mother was a granddaughter of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia through Nicholas's daughter, Grand Duchess Maria Nikolayevna, and his father was a great-grandson of Tsar Paul I of Russia through his paternal grandmother Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna. He was known by the name of "Petya".[1]

Marriage edit

In 1900, he began to escort the 18-year-old Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna (1882–1960), the youngest daughter of the late Tsar Alexander III and younger sister to the reigning Tsar Nicholas II, to the theatre and opera.[1] His proposal of marriage the following year came as a surprise to Olga, who later explained, "I was so taken aback that all I could say was 'thank you'".[2] She assumed that Oldenburg was pushed into proposing by his ambitious mother.[3] Perhaps Olga accepted his proposal to gain independence from her mother, or avoid marriage into a foreign court.[1] The marriage was announced in May 1901, and was unexpected by many, as Oldenburg had shown no prior interest in women.[4] The Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna wrote to her son, Tsar Nicholas II, "I am sure you won't believe what has happened. Olga is engaged to Petya and both are very happy. I had to consent, but it was all done so quickly and unexpectedly that I still cannot believe it."[5] Tsar Nicholas replied to his mother, "...I cannot believe Olga is actually engaged to Petya. They were probably both drunk yesterday. ... We both laughed so much reading your note that we have not recovered yet."[5] A prenuptial agreement drawn up by a committee of the Tsar, the Oldenburg family, and government ministers, promised Olga an annuity of 100,000 rubles from the Tsar, and one million rubles to be deposited in a fund from which she could draw interest.[6]

On 9 August 1901, they were married at Saint Petersburg in a grand ceremony attended by family, government ministers, foreign ambassadors, and courtiers.[7] They honeymooned at the Ramon Palace, country estate of Oldenburg family near Voronezh, but the atmosphere was soured by a quarrel between Oldenburg and his father over gambling.[8] Oldenburg was an inveterate and well-known gambler.[9] The money he coaxed out of his wife was often lost at the table.[10] In the fall of 1901, they traveled on to Biarritz, where a fire at their hotel destroyed many of Oldenburg's uniforms and medals,[11] including a specially-commissioned Danish Order of the Elephant from Fabergé.[12] Olga's uncle-by-marriage, England's King Edward VII, lent them a yacht, in which they sailed to Sorrento.[13] On their return to Russia, they moved into a palatial 200-room house at 46 Sergievskaya street, Saint Petersburg, made available to them by the Tsar.[14]

Their marriage remained unconsummated,[15] and Oldenburg was believed by family and friends to be homosexual.[16] Two years after their marriage, Olga met a cavalry officer her own age, Nikolai Kulikovsky, member of Russian-Moldavian Kulikovsky noble family, to whom she was attracted.[17] She confronted Oldenburg and asked for a divorce, which he refused with the qualification that he might reconsider after seven years.[18] However, Oldenburg appointed Kulikovsky as an aide-de-camp, and allowed him to live in the same residence as Oldenburg and the Grand Duchess on Sergievskaya street.[19]

Annulment edit

In the middle of World War I, after living separately for two years, Oldenburg's marriage to Olga was annulled on 16 October 1916. Olga married Kulikovsky the following month. After the Russian Revolution, Oldenburg and his mother managed to escape Russia, and settled in France.[20]

An acquaintance, Senator A. A. Polovtsev, said Oldenburg "comes across as a sickly person".[21] He was thought to be a hypochondriac, had a slender, delicate build, and preferred indoor activities to sports and outdoor pursuits.[22]

Death edit

He died, aged 55, in 1924 in exile in Antibes, France, and was buried in the crypt of the Russian Orthodox St. Michael the Archangel Church, Cannes.[citation needed]

Ancestors edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Phenix, p. 46
  2. ^ Vorres (2001), p. 75
  3. ^ Vorres (2001), pp. 75, 78
  4. ^ Vorres (2001), p. 74
  5. ^ a b Bing, Edward J. (1937). The Letters of Tsar Nicholas and Empress Marie. London: Ivor Nicholson and Watson Ltd. p. 148
  6. ^ Phenix, p. 48
  7. ^ Phenix, p. 49
  8. ^ Phenix, pp. 52 53
  9. ^ Phenix, p. 46; Vorres (2001), pp. 75–76
  10. ^ Phenix, pp. 53, 61; Vorres (2001), p. 84
  11. ^ Phenix, p. 53
  12. ^ Vorres (2001), p. 77
  13. ^ Phenix, p. 54; Vorres (2001), p. 78
  14. ^ Phenix, p. 54; Vorres (2001), p. 81
  15. ^ Olga said: "I shared his roof for nearly fifteen years, and never once we were husband and wife" (Vorres (2001), p. 76).
  16. ^ Crawford and Crawford, pp. 50–52; Phenix, p. 52
  17. ^ Crawford and Crawford, pp. 50–52; Phenix, p. 62; Vorres (2001), pp. 94–95
  18. ^ Phenix, p. 63; Vorres (2001), p. 95
  19. ^ Crawford and Crawford, pp. 50–52; Phenix, p. 73; Vorres (2001), pp. 94–95
  20. ^ Phenix, p. 142
  21. ^ Phenix, p. 51
  22. ^ Phenix, pp. 46, 52; Vorres (2001), p. 75

Sources edit

  • Crawford, Donald; Crawford, Rosemary (1997). An Innocent Abroad. New York: Scribner. ISBN 0-684-83430-8
  • Phenix, Patricia (1999). Olga Romanov: Russia's Last Grand Duchess. Viking/Penguin. ISBN 0-14-028086-3.
  • Vorres, Ian (2001) [1964]. The Last Grand Duchess. Toronto: Key Porter Books. ISBN 1-55263-302-0

October 27, 2023
duke, peter, alexandrovich, oldenburg, november, 1868, march, 1924, first, husband, grand, duchess, olga, alexandrovna, russia, youngest, sister, tsar, nicholas, duke, peter, alexandrovichpeter, oldenburg, wife, olgaborn, 1868, november, 1868oldenburg, palace,. Duke Peter Alexandrovich of Oldenburg 21 November 1868 11 March 1924 was the first husband of Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia the youngest sister of Tsar Nicholas II Duke Peter AlexandrovichPeter of Oldenburg and his wife OlgaBorn 1868 11 21 21 November 1868Oldenburg Palace Saint Petersburg Russian EmpireDied11 March 1924 1924 03 11 aged 55 Antibes FranceSpouseGrand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of RussiaFatherDuke Alexander Petrovich of OldenburgMotherPrincess Eugenia Maximilianovna of Leuchtenberg Contents 1 Biography 1 1 Early life 1 2 Marriage 1 3 Annulment 1 4 Death 2 Ancestors 3 References 4 SourcesBiography editEarly life edit He was born in Saint Petersburg in the Oldenburg Palace present day site of Saint Petersburg State University of Culture and Arts the only child of Duke Alexander Petrovich of Oldenburg 1844 1932 and Princess Eugenia Maximilianovna of Leuchtenberg 1845 1925 His mother was a granddaughter of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia through Nicholas s daughter Grand Duchess Maria Nikolayevna and his father was a great grandson of Tsar Paul I of Russia through his paternal grandmother Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna He was known by the name of Petya 1 Marriage edit In 1900 he began to escort the 18 year old Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna 1882 1960 the youngest daughter of the late Tsar Alexander III and younger sister to the reigning Tsar Nicholas II to the theatre and opera 1 His proposal of marriage the following year came as a surprise to Olga who later explained I was so taken aback that all I could say was thank you 2 She assumed that Oldenburg was pushed into proposing by his ambitious mother 3 Perhaps Olga accepted his proposal to gain independence from her mother or avoid marriage into a foreign court 1 The marriage was announced in May 1901 and was unexpected by many as Oldenburg had shown no prior interest in women 4 The Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna wrote to her son Tsar Nicholas II I am sure you won t believe what has happened Olga is engaged to Petya and both are very happy I had to consent but it was all done so quickly and unexpectedly that I still cannot believe it 5 Tsar Nicholas replied to his mother I cannot believe Olga is actually engaged to Petya They were probably both drunk yesterday We both laughed so much reading your note that we have not recovered yet 5 A prenuptial agreement drawn up by a committee of the Tsar the Oldenburg family and government ministers promised Olga an annuity of 100 000 rubles from the Tsar and one million rubles to be deposited in a fund from which she could draw interest 6 On 9 August 1901 they were married at Saint Petersburg in a grand ceremony attended by family government ministers foreign ambassadors and courtiers 7 They honeymooned at the Ramon Palace country estate of Oldenburg family near Voronezh but the atmosphere was soured by a quarrel between Oldenburg and his father over gambling 8 Oldenburg was an inveterate and well known gambler 9 The money he coaxed out of his wife was often lost at the table 10 In the fall of 1901 they traveled on to Biarritz where a fire at their hotel destroyed many of Oldenburg s uniforms and medals 11 including a specially commissioned Danish Order of the Elephant from Faberge 12 Olga s uncle by marriage England s King Edward VII lent them a yacht in which they sailed to Sorrento 13 On their return to Russia they moved into a palatial 200 room house at 46 Sergievskaya street Saint Petersburg made available to them by the Tsar 14 Their marriage remained unconsummated 15 and Oldenburg was believed by family and friends to be homosexual 16 Two years after their marriage Olga met a cavalry officer her own age Nikolai Kulikovsky member of Russian Moldavian Kulikovsky noble family to whom she was attracted 17 She confronted Oldenburg and asked for a divorce which he refused with the qualification that he might reconsider after seven years 18 However Oldenburg appointed Kulikovsky as an aide de camp and allowed him to live in the same residence as Oldenburg and the Grand Duchess on Sergievskaya street 19 Annulment edit In the middle of World War I after living separately for two years Oldenburg s marriage to Olga was annulled on 16 October 1916 Olga married Kulikovsky the following month After the Russian Revolution Oldenburg and his mother managed to escape Russia and settled in France 20 An acquaintance Senator A A Polovtsev said Oldenburg comes across as a sickly person 21 He was thought to be a hypochondriac had a slender delicate build and preferred indoor activities to sports and outdoor pursuits 22 Death edit He died aged 55 in 1924 in exile in Antibes France and was buried in the crypt of the Russian Orthodox St Michael the Archangel Church Cannes citation needed Ancestors editAncestors of Duke Peter Alexandrovich of Oldenburg8 Duke George of Oldenburg4 Duke Peter Georgievich of Oldenburg9 Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna of Russia2 Duke Alexander Petrovich of Oldenburg10 William Duke of Nassau5 Princess Therese of Nassau Weilburg11 Princess Louise of Saxe Hildburghausen1 Duke Peter Alexandrovich of Oldenburg12 Eugene de Beauharnais 1st Duke of Leuchtenberg6 Prince Maximilian 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg13 Princess Augusta of Bavaria3 Princess Eugenia Maximilianovna of Leuchtenberg14 Nicholas I of Russia7 Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia15 Princess Charlotte of PrussiaReferences edit a b c Phenix p 46 Vorres 2001 p 75 Vorres 2001 pp 75 78 Vorres 2001 p 74 a b Bing Edward J 1937 The Letters of Tsar Nicholas and Empress Marie London Ivor Nicholson and Watson Ltd p 148 Phenix p 48 Phenix p 49 Phenix pp 52 53 Phenix p 46 Vorres 2001 pp 75 76 Phenix pp 53 61 Vorres 2001 p 84 Phenix p 53 Vorres 2001 p 77 Phenix p 54 Vorres 2001 p 78 Phenix p 54 Vorres 2001 p 81 Olga said I shared his roof for nearly fifteen years and never once we were husband and wife Vorres 2001 p 76 Crawford and Crawford pp 50 52 Phenix p 52 Crawford and Crawford pp 50 52 Phenix p 62 Vorres 2001 pp 94 95 Phenix p 63 Vorres 2001 p 95 Crawford and Crawford pp 50 52 Phenix p 73 Vorres 2001 pp 94 95 Phenix p 142 Phenix p 51 Phenix pp 46 52 Vorres 2001 p 75Sources editCrawford Donald Crawford Rosemary 1997 An Innocent Abroad New York Scribner ISBN 0 684 83430 8 Phenix Patricia 1999 Olga Romanov Russia s Last Grand Duchess Viking Penguin ISBN 0 14 028086 3 Vorres Ian 2001 1964 The Last Grand Duchess Toronto Key Porter Books ISBN 1 55263 302 0 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Duke Peter Alexandrovich of Oldenburg amp oldid 1146748985, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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