Dryopteris shibpedis is a species of fern native Japan that was declared extinct in 2007, that has since been rediscovered in the Tsukuba Botanical Garden. Despite rediscovery, D. shibipedis is still ranked as extinct in the wild.
Originating from the family Dryopteridaceae, or wood ferns, the Dryopteris shibipedis is thought to be a "hybridization between a sexual tetraploid providing a diploid egg and an apogamous diploid providing a diploid sperm." This meaning, the fern itself is considered a tetraploid—having four sets of chromosomes, develops from the mother providing an egg with two sets of chromosomes and the father providing two sets of chromosomes. The two parent plants would be D. kinkiensis (mother species) and D. pacifica (father species). The embryo of the D. shibipedis has been known, however, to develop without fertilization, and can reproduce asexually, therefore ensuring stability across multiple generations.
Origin, disappearance, and rediscoveryedit
This particular species of fern has only been rediscovered in one small place in Japan, having been declared extinct in 2007, then was immediately rebutted due to confirmation of sightings of the fern in the botanical garden in one town in southwest Japan. This particular species is very recent in biological origin, only dating back to 1984 when a sampling of the hybridized species was given to the Tsukuba Botanical Garden by Dr. Y. Shimura, where it was later rediscovered. The species is unlikely to move out of that region for quite some time and will most likely remain small in numbers for a while due to its relative newness to its locale. While the father species with plentiful throughout Japan, the mother species only covers one region of south west Japan, therefore tightening the confines in which D. shibipedis could have been found in the first place.
Current threatsedit
D. shibipedis is currently on a list of 886 endangered pteridophyta taxa around the globe, of which those in the most danger of going extinct are found in Asia.
Referencesedit
Ebihara, Atsushi et al. "Rare and Threatened Pteridophytes of Asia 1. An Enumeration of Narrowly Distributed Taxa." Bulletin of the National Museum of Natural Science B 38.3 (2012): 93-119. Web. 23 Oct. 2012. <http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/PDF_docs/[permanent dead link] BNMNS2012_Rare-Pterid-Asia1.pdf>.
Ebihara, Sadamu Matsumoto, and Masahiro Kato. “Origin of Dryopteris shibipedis (Dryopteridaceae), a fern species extinct in the wild”. Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba 305-0005, Japan <[1] fulltext.html>
Tanaka K (1999) Variation of Dryopteris pacifica in the western part of Kanagawa Prefecture. J Nippon Fern Club 3(19–20):1–7 (in Japanese)
United States of America. USDA. National Resources Conservation Service. Classification for Kingdom Plantae Down to Family Dryopteridaceae. US Department of Agriculture, n.d. Web. 23 Sept. 2012. <http://plants.usda.gov/java/ClassificationServlet? source=display&classid=Dryopteridaceae>.
Zhang, Li-Bing, Liang Zhang, Shi-Yong Dong, Emily B. Sessa, Xin-Fen Gao, and Atsushi Ebihara. "Molecular Circumscription and Major Evolutionary Lineages of the Fern Genus Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae)." BMC Evolutionary Biology. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 13 Sept. 2012. Web. 20 Oct. 2012. <http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/12/180/abstract>.
dryopteris, shibipedis, dryopteris, shibpedis, species, fern, native, japan, that, declared, extinct, 2007, that, since, been, rediscovered, tsukuba, botanical, garden, despite, rediscovery, shibipedis, still, ranked, extinct, wild, scientific, classificationk. Dryopteris shibpedis is a species of fern native Japan that was declared extinct in 2007 that has since been rediscovered in the Tsukuba Botanical Garden Despite rediscovery D shibipedis is still ranked as extinct in the wild Dryopteris shibipedisScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesDivision PolypodiophytaClass PolypodiopsidaOrder PolypodialesSuborder PolypodiineaeFamily DryopteridaceaeGenus DryopterisSpecies D shibipedisBinomial nameDryopteris shibipedisSa Kurata citation needed Contents 1 Biological origin and reproduction 2 Origin disappearance and rediscovery 3 Current threats 4 References 5 External linksBiological origin and reproduction editOriginating from the family Dryopteridaceae or wood ferns the Dryopteris shibipedis is thought to be a hybridization between a sexual tetraploid providing a diploid egg and an apogamous diploid providing a diploid sperm This meaning the fern itself is considered a tetraploid having four sets of chromosomes develops from the mother providing an egg with two sets of chromosomes and the father providing two sets of chromosomes The two parent plants would be D kinkiensis mother species and D pacifica father species The embryo of the D shibipedis has been known however to develop without fertilization and can reproduce asexually therefore ensuring stability across multiple generations Origin disappearance and rediscovery editThis particular species of fern has only been rediscovered in one small place in Japan having been declared extinct in 2007 then was immediately rebutted due to confirmation of sightings of the fern in the botanical garden in one town in southwest Japan This particular species is very recent in biological origin only dating back to 1984 when a sampling of the hybridized species was given to the Tsukuba Botanical Garden by Dr Y Shimura where it was later rediscovered The species is unlikely to move out of that region for quite some time and will most likely remain small in numbers for a while due to its relative newness to its locale While the father species with plentiful throughout Japan the mother species only covers one region of south west Japan therefore tightening the confines in which D shibipedis could have been found in the first place Current threats editD shibipedis is currently on a list of 886 endangered pteridophyta taxa around the globe of which those in the most danger of going extinct are found in Asia References editEbihara Atsushi et al Rare and Threatened Pteridophytes of Asia 1 An Enumeration of Narrowly Distributed Taxa Bulletin of the National Museum of Natural Science B 38 3 2012 93 119 Web 23 Oct 2012 lt http rbg web2 rbge org uk thaiferns PDF docs permanent dead link BNMNS2012 Rare Pterid Asia1 pdf gt Ebihara Sadamu Matsumoto and Masahiro Kato Origin of Dryopteris shibipedis Dryopteridaceae a fern species extinct in the wild Department of Botany National Museum of Nature and Science 4 1 1 Amakubo Tsukuba 305 0005 Japan lt 1 fulltext html gt Tanaka K 1999 Variation of Dryopteris pacifica in the western part of Kanagawa Prefecture J Nippon Fern Club 3 19 20 1 7 in Japanese United States of America USDA National Resources Conservation Service Classification for Kingdom Plantae Down to Family Dryopteridaceae US Department of Agriculture n d Web 23 Sept 2012 lt http plants usda gov java ClassificationServlet source display amp classid Dryopteridaceae gt Zhang Li Bing Liang Zhang Shi Yong Dong Emily B Sessa Xin Fen Gao and Atsushi Ebihara Molecular Circumscription and Major Evolutionary Lineages of the Fern Genus Dryopteris Dryopteridaceae BMC Evolutionary Biology BMC Evolutionary Biology 13 Sept 2012 Web 20 Oct 2012 lt http www biomedcentral com 1471 2148 12 180 abstract gt External links edithttp www asahi net or jp tv9h ark sibiitati htm in Japanese Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dryopteris shibipedis amp oldid 1088606433, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
