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Dooreh, Iraq

Dooreh (Kurdish: دورێ,[1] Syriac: ܕܘܪܐ)[2][nb 1] is a village in Dohuk Governorate in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. It is located near the Iraq–Turkey border in the Amadiya District and the historical region of Barwari.

Dooreh
Dooreh
Location in Iraq
Dooreh
Dooreh (Iraqi Kurdistan)
Coordinates: 37°13′24″N 43°28′7″E / 37.22333°N 43.46861°E / 37.22333; 43.46861
Country Iraq
Region Kurdistan Region
GovernorateDohuk Governorate
DistrictAmadiya District

In the village, there is a church of Mar Gewargis,[5] and the ruins of the monastery of Mar Qayyoma.[3] There was previously two shrines dedicated to Mart Maryam and Mar Apius and four cemeteries.[3]

Etymology edit

It is suggested that the name of the village is derived from "dūru(m)" ("fortress, wall" in Akkadian).[3] The Akkadian word is loaned into Syriac as ܕܘܼܪܵܐ dūrā (ridge, enclosure) with the plural ܕܘܼܪܹ̈ܐ dūrē, same as the name of the village.[6][7]

History edit

The remains of a fortress nearby Dooreh have been dated to the early period of Assyria in the late third millennium BC, and likely inspired the village's name.[8] The monastery of Mar Qayyoma was founded in the 4th-century AD, and the church of Mar Gewargis was first constructed in 909.[3] The monastery of Mar Qayyoma is first mentioned in the mentioned in the 10th-century Life of Rabban Joseph Busnaya, and had become the seat of the Church of the East diocese of Barwari by 1610.[9] Dooreh itself is mentioned in a manuscript of 1683.[9] In 1850, 20-40 Church of the East families inhabited Dooreh, and were served by two functioning churches and four priests.[3]

Prior to the First World War, Dooreh was populated by 200 Assyrians,[3] who were forced to flee under the leadership of Agha Petros to the vicinity of Urmia in Iran, amidst the Assyrian genocide.[4] Whilst in Iran, 90 villagers died, and 30 women and children were either killed or abducted,[3] and the survivors were settled at the refugee camp at Baqubah in 1918.[10] After residing there for two years, 90 people eventually returned to Dooreh.[10] Dooreh was temporarily deserted again in the early 1930s due to the conflict between the Turkish government and the Kurdish Emir of Barwari.[4] 35 families inhabited the village in 1938, and the population of Dooreh was recorded as 296 people in 1957.[3]

At the onset of the First Iraqi–Kurdish War in 1961, 75 families in 40 houses resided at Dooreh,[4] and the village was damaged by a napalm attack during the war in 1968.[3] Despite this damage, the population increased to 100 families in 75 houses by 1978, in which year on 8 August the village was destroyed by the Iraqi government, and much of its population was forcibly resettled at Batifa.[3] The village's destruction was total, as all houses, churches, farms, and orchards were obliterated.[3] In the aftermath of the 1991 uprisings in Iraq, 30 families returned to Dooreh,[4] and the church of Mar Gewargis was rebuilt in 1995 with support from the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg.[5]

By 2011, the Supreme Committee of Christian Affairs had constructed 37 houses and a hall,[2] and the village was inhabited by 250 adherents of the Assyrian Church of the East in the following year.[11] Dooreh was struck by Turkish airstrikes on 1 September 2018 as part of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict.[12]

Notable people edit

References edit

Notes

  1. ^ Alternatively transliterated as Dūre,[3] Dore,[4] Dura,[5] or Doore.[2]

Citations

  1. ^ "2009 - ناوی پاریزگا. يه که کارگيرييه كانی پاریزگاكانی هه ریمی کوردستان" (PDF). Kurdistan Region Statistics Office (KRSO) (in Kurdish). p. 154. (PDF) from the original on 14 March 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  2. ^ a b c "Doore". Ishtar TV. 5 July 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Donabed (2015), pp. 294–296.
  4. ^ a b c d e Eshoo (2004), pp. 2–3.
  5. ^ a b c "Mar Gewargiz church – Dura". Ishtar TV. 8 October 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  6. ^ "The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon". cal.huc.edu. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
  7. ^ Serikoff, N. I.; Kashaf, Sh. R. (19 December 2022). "[Book Review:] Brock, Sebastian P. and Kiraz, George A. Gorgias Concise Syriac-English, English-Syriac Dictionary. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press; 2015. https://doi.org/10.31826/9781463235550". Orientalistica. 5 (4): 992–999. doi:10.31696/2618-7043-2022-5-4-992-999. ISSN 2687-0738. S2CID 255029809.
  8. ^ Donabed (2010), pp. 165–168.
  9. ^ a b Wilmshurst (2000), pp. 149–151.
  10. ^ a b Khan (2008), p. 1889.
  11. ^ . Iraqi Kurdistan Christianity Project. 2012. Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  12. ^ "Human Rights Report 2018: Struggling to Breathe: the Systematic Repression of Assyrians" (PDF). Assyrian Confederation of Europe. 1 April 2019. p. 26. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
  13. ^ Donabed (2015), p. 151.

Bibliography edit

  • Donabed, Sargon George (2010). Iraq and the Assyrian Unimagining: Illuminating Scaled Suffering and a Hierarchy of Genocide from Simele to Anfal (PDF). Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  • Donabed, Sargon George (2015). Reforging a Forgotten History: Iraq and the Assyrians in the Twentieth Century. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Eshoo, Majed (2004). The Fate Of Assyrian Villages Annexed To Today's Dohuk Governorate In Iraq And The Conditions In These Villages Following The Establishment Of The Iraqi State In 1921 (PDF). Translated by Mary Challita. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  • Khan, Geoffrey (2008). The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Barwar. Brill.
  • Wilmshurst, David (2000). The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East, 1318–1913. Peeters Publishers.


dooreh, iraq, dooreh, kurdish, دورێ, syriac, ܕܘܪܐ, village, dohuk, governorate, kurdistan, region, iraq, located, near, iraq, turkey, border, amadiya, district, historical, region, barwari, doorehdoorehlocation, iraqshow, iraqdoorehdooreh, iraqi, kurdistan, sh. Dooreh Kurdish دورێ 1 Syriac ܕܘܪܐ 2 nb 1 is a village in Dohuk Governorate in Kurdistan Region Iraq It is located near the Iraq Turkey border in the Amadiya District and the historical region of Barwari DoorehDoorehLocation in IraqShow map of IraqDoorehDooreh Iraqi Kurdistan Show map of Iraqi KurdistanCoordinates 37 13 24 N 43 28 7 E 37 22333 N 43 46861 E 37 22333 43 46861Country IraqRegion Kurdistan RegionGovernorateDohuk GovernorateDistrictAmadiya District In the village there is a church of Mar Gewargis 5 and the ruins of the monastery of Mar Qayyoma 3 There was previously two shrines dedicated to Mart Maryam and Mar Apius and four cemeteries 3 Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 3 Notable people 4 References 5 BibliographyEtymology editIt is suggested that the name of the village is derived from duru m fortress wall in Akkadian 3 The Akkadian word is loaned into Syriac as ܕܘ ܪ ܐ dura ridge enclosure with the plural ܕܘ ܪ ܐ dure same as the name of the village 6 7 History editThe remains of a fortress nearby Dooreh have been dated to the early period of Assyria in the late third millennium BC and likely inspired the village s name 8 The monastery of Mar Qayyoma was founded in the 4th century AD and the church of Mar Gewargis was first constructed in 909 3 The monastery of Mar Qayyoma is first mentioned in the mentioned in the 10th century Life of Rabban Joseph Busnaya and had become the seat of the Church of the East diocese of Barwari by 1610 9 Dooreh itself is mentioned in a manuscript of 1683 9 In 1850 20 40 Church of the East families inhabited Dooreh and were served by two functioning churches and four priests 3 Prior to the First World War Dooreh was populated by 200 Assyrians 3 who were forced to flee under the leadership of Agha Petros to the vicinity of Urmia in Iran amidst the Assyrian genocide 4 Whilst in Iran 90 villagers died and 30 women and children were either killed or abducted 3 and the survivors were settled at the refugee camp at Baqubah in 1918 10 After residing there for two years 90 people eventually returned to Dooreh 10 Dooreh was temporarily deserted again in the early 1930s due to the conflict between the Turkish government and the Kurdish Emir of Barwari 4 35 families inhabited the village in 1938 and the population of Dooreh was recorded as 296 people in 1957 3 At the onset of the First Iraqi Kurdish War in 1961 75 families in 40 houses resided at Dooreh 4 and the village was damaged by a napalm attack during the war in 1968 3 Despite this damage the population increased to 100 families in 75 houses by 1978 in which year on 8 August the village was destroyed by the Iraqi government and much of its population was forcibly resettled at Batifa 3 The village s destruction was total as all houses churches farms and orchards were obliterated 3 In the aftermath of the 1991 uprisings in Iraq 30 families returned to Dooreh 4 and the church of Mar Gewargis was rebuilt in 1995 with support from the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Wurttemberg 5 By 2011 the Supreme Committee of Christian Affairs had constructed 37 houses and a hall 2 and the village was inhabited by 250 adherents of the Assyrian Church of the East in the following year 11 Dooreh was struck by Turkish airstrikes on 1 September 2018 as part of the Kurdish Turkish conflict 12 Notable people editMargaret George Shello 1942 1969 Assyrian militant 13 References editNotes Alternatively transliterated as Dure 3 Dore 4 Dura 5 or Doore 2 Citations 2009 ناوی پاریزگا يه که کارگيرييه كانی پاریزگاكانی هه ریمی کوردستان PDF Kurdistan Region Statistics Office KRSO in Kurdish p 154 Archived PDF from the original on 14 March 2017 Retrieved 6 February 2021 a b c Doore Ishtar TV 5 July 2011 Retrieved 30 July 2020 a b c d e f g h i j k l Donabed 2015 pp 294 296 a b c d e Eshoo 2004 pp 2 3 a b c Mar Gewargiz church Dura Ishtar TV 8 October 2011 Retrieved 30 July 2020 The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon cal huc edu Retrieved 15 March 2023 Serikoff N I Kashaf Sh R 19 December 2022 Book Review Brock Sebastian P and Kiraz George A Gorgias Concise Syriac English English Syriac Dictionary Piscataway NJ USA Gorgias Press 2015 https doi org 10 31826 9781463235550 Orientalistica 5 4 992 999 doi 10 31696 2618 7043 2022 5 4 992 999 ISSN 2687 0738 S2CID 255029809 Donabed 2010 pp 165 168 a b Wilmshurst 2000 pp 149 151 a b Khan 2008 p 1889 Christian Communities in the Kurdistan Region Iraqi Kurdistan Christianity Project 2012 Archived from the original on 24 November 2020 Retrieved 5 August 2020 Human Rights Report 2018 Struggling to Breathe the Systematic Repression of Assyrians PDF Assyrian Confederation of Europe 1 April 2019 p 26 Retrieved 20 August 2020 Donabed 2015 p 151 Bibliography editDonabed Sargon George 2010 Iraq and the Assyrian Unimagining Illuminating Scaled Suffering and a Hierarchy of Genocide from Simele to Anfal PDF Retrieved 30 April 2020 Donabed Sargon George 2015 Reforging a Forgotten History Iraq and the Assyrians in the Twentieth Century Edinburgh University Press Eshoo Majed 2004 The Fate Of Assyrian Villages Annexed To Today s Dohuk Governorate In Iraq And The Conditions In These Villages Following The Establishment Of The Iraqi State In 1921 PDF Translated by Mary Challita Retrieved 30 July 2020 Khan Geoffrey 2008 The Neo Aramaic Dialect of Barwar Brill Wilmshurst David 2000 The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East 1318 1913 Peeters Publishers nbsp This Iraq geographical location article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dooreh Iraq amp oldid 1205548802, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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