Dominique-Vincent Ramel (called Ramel de Nogaret; 3 November 1760 – 31 March 1829) was a French lawyer and politician who became Minister of Finance under the French Directory. He was an energetic reformer, but was blamed for many of the financial problems of the time, and went into retirement during the French Consulate and First French Empire. He supported Napoleon during the Hundred Days of 1815. After the second Bourbon Restoration, as a regicide he was forced into exile in Belgium, where he died without returning to France.
Dominique-Vincent Ramel was born in Montolieu, Aude, France, on 3 November 1760. His father's family were bourgeois cloth merchants and manufacturers established in Montolieu and said to have originated from Nogaret, Haute-Garonne. His great-grandfather, Antoine Ramel (1643–1715) was a king's advocate.[1] His parents were Jean-Baptiste Ramel (1718–1800) and Marie-Rose Ducup of Saint-Ferriol (died 1791).[1] He attended law school in Toulouse. He then acquired the posts of king's prosecutor in the maréchaussée of Montolieu, captain and royal judge. Most important, he was king's advocate in the maréchaussée and presidial seat of Carcassonne, a position he received from his great uncle, Louis-Joseph Benazet.[2]
Estates General and National Assemblyedit
Ramel de Nogaret was a supporter of new ideas. On 23 March 1789 he was elected deputy for the third estate representing the sénéchaussée of Carcassonne in the Estates General of France. He took the Tennis Court Oath on 20 June 1789, which formally established the National Assembly.[3] He was a member of the committee of alienation, and was appointed a commissioner for taking the oaths of troops. In June 1791 he was sent on a mission to Brittany, where there were serious disturbances, and was skillful in helping to calm the situation down.[3]
Ramel de Nogaret was not a brilliant speaker, but worked actively in the committees. He was secretary of the Assembly on 18 July 1791.[3] He opposed the division of France into departments on the grounds of the disruption this would cause in the administration and collection of taxes. After the Assembly session ended on 30 September 1791 he was named president of the court of Carcassonne.[3]
National Conventionedit
Dominique-Vincent Ramel de Nogaret, circa 1795
On 4 September 1792 the department of Aude elected Ramel to the National Convention. In the trial of Louis XVI, in the third division he said "Louis is guilty of conspiracy against freedom. At all times such a crime deserves death." He was in the minority that favored asking the people to ratify the verdict, and was in the majority that was opposed to temporarily suspending the king's execution. Ramel de Nogaret intervened in a considerable number of discussions, including those on the Constitution of 1793, on sale of the property of émigrés, creation of assignats and distribution of taxes. He was against the Law of the Maximum, which controlled food prices.[3]
Ramel de Nogaret was made a member of the Committee of Public Safety, and proposed establishment of a "paternal Commission" to take the final decision on the guilt of the accused before sending them to court. He was rapporteur for the discussion of the forced loan of 19 August 1793, and was the accuser of Fabre d'Églantine.[3] In 1795 he was sent on a mission to Holland, and helped ensure the rapid success of the troops of Jean-Charles Pichegru.[4] On his return he was elected on 22 Vendémiaire IV (14 October 1795) by the department of Aude as member of the Council of Five Hundred.[5]
Minister of Financeedit
Due to the special study Ramel had made of tax issues, on 25 Pluviôse IV (14 February 1796) he was appointed Minister of Finance. He took office at a difficult time, with urgent demands from the armies. He developed the idea of the land registry, and managed the difficult transition from assignats to money.[5] He was committed to alleviating public debt and to reforming the taxation system. In Brumaire VI (November 1797) he established taxation agencies in the departments with commissioners, tax collection staff and an inspector.[2]
However, the disorders in tax administration towards the end of the Directory, for which he was not responsible, made him the target of anger for all the problems of the country.[2] He was severely criticized by the press and by politicians. Antoine Claire Thibaudeau, Pierre-Antoine Antonelle and others accused him of colluding with the army suppliers. However, Ramel de Nogaret was no richer when he retired from power on 2 Thermidor VII (20 July 1799) than when he entered office.[5]
In the year VIII Ramel de Nogaret married Ange-Pauline-Charlotte Panckoucke, grand-niece of Charles-Joseph Panckoucke, the encyclopedist and founder of Le Moniteur.[7] He remained out of politics during the French Consulate (1799–1804) and most of the First French Empire.[7] By inheritance and his business activities Ramel had accumulated a large fortune, which gave him 20,000 francs of income in 1811. He bought a beautiful modern country house in Montolieu, the "little Versailles", surrounded by fertile parkland.[2]
In 1812 Ramel de Nogaret accepted a position in the local government of Aude. During the Hundred Days of 1815 when Napoleon returned from exile he accepted the position of prefect in Normandy. After the second Bourbon Restoration, in January 1816 he was exiled as a regicide, and settled in Belgium, where he returned to his family's business of textile manufacture and trade.[7] Dominique-Vincent Ramel died on 31 March 1829 in Brussels, Belgium.[1]
Ramel de Nogaret had two daughters by his 1799 marriage with Pauline Panckoucke, Pauline and Mélanie.[2] In 1820 the celebrated painter Jacques-Louis David (30 August 1748 – 29 December 1825) made portraits of Ramel and his wife, Ange-Pauline-Charlotte. The pictures remained in the family until 1913.[7]
Rapport de la Commission des finances sur l'emprunt forcé d'un milliard 1793
Des finances de la République française en l'an IX
Corps législatif. Conseil des Cinq-Cents. Discours prononcé par manière de motion d'ordre, par D.-V. Ramel, député du département de l'Aude, dans la séance du 29 frimaire, l'an IV... sur les finances, le crédit des assignats, la nécessité des contributions et les avantages des contributions indirectes
Rapport fait au nom du comité général des finances par D.V. Ramel, député du departement de l'Aude, sur les moyens propres à diminuer la masse des assignats mis en circulation séance du mardi 23 avril 1793, l'an deuxième de la République
Projet de décret, présenté par le comité des finances, sur les procès et apposition des scellés des ci-devant ferme générale, régie, etc. Imprimé par ordre de la Convention générale. [Signé : D.-V. Ramel, rapporteur.]
Des Finances de la République Française en l'an IX par D.-V. Ramel
Ministère des Finances. Rapport fait par le ministre des finances au Directoire exécutif, sur la réponse au message du Conseil des Cinq-Cents, contenant demande de pièces justificatives de l'état des fonds affectés aux dépenses de l'exercice des l'an 7...
Liberté, égalité. Paris, le 9 prairial an VI... D.-V. Ramel, ministre des finances, au citoyen Genissieu,...
Le Ministre des Finances [D.-V. Nogaret] aux citoyens représentans du peuple membres de la commission des inspecteurs du palais national du Conseil des Cinq-Cents
Corps législatif. Conseil des Cinq-Cents. Rapport et projet de résolution sur le brisement des formes, matrices et poinçons de la fabrication des assignats. Fait et présenté par la commission des finances, dans la séance du 9 pluviôse, l'an IV. Imprimé par ordre du Conseil. (D.-V. Ramel, rapporteur.)
^Une lettre pour tous les passionnés d'Histoire (2020-10-14). "30 septembre 1797 - La banqueroute des deux tiers". Herodote.net. Archived from the original on 2021-03-30. Retrieved 2022-09-28.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dominique-Vincent Ramel.
Sources
Antonetti, Guy (2007). "Ramel (Dominique-Vincent)". Les ministres des Finances de la Révolution française au Second Empire. Vol. I. Institut de la gestion publique et du développement économique. ISBN9782821828254. Retrieved 2014-06-12.
Bordes, Philippe (2007). Jacques-Louis David: Empire to Exile. Yale University Press. ISBN978-0-300-12346-3. Retrieved 2014-06-12.
"Ramel de Nogaret, Dominique-Vincent". VIAF. Retrieved 2014-06-12.
Robert, Adolphe; Cougny, Gaston (1891). "RAMEL DE NOGARET (Dominique Vincent)". (PDF). Vol. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2014-06-11.
November 01, 2023
dominique, vincent, ramel, nogaret, dominique, vincent, ramel, called, ramel, nogaret, november, 1760, march, 1829, french, lawyer, politician, became, minister, finance, under, french, directory, energetic, reformer, blamed, many, financial, problems, time, w. Dominique Vincent Ramel called Ramel de Nogaret 3 November 1760 31 March 1829 was a French lawyer and politician who became Minister of Finance under the French Directory He was an energetic reformer but was blamed for many of the financial problems of the time and went into retirement during the French Consulate and First French Empire He supported Napoleon during the Hundred Days of 1815 After the second Bourbon Restoration as a regicide he was forced into exile in Belgium where he died without returning to France Dominique Vincent RamelPortrait of Ramel in 1820 by Jacques Louis DavidBorn 1760 11 03 3 November 1760Montolieu Aude FranceDied31 March 1829 1829 03 31 aged 68 Brussels Belgium NationalityFrenchOccupation s Lawyer and politicianKnown forMinister of Finance Contents 1 Early years 2 Estates General and National Assembly 3 National Convention 4 Minister of Finance 5 Later career 6 Selected publications 7 ReferencesEarly years editDominique Vincent Ramel was born in Montolieu Aude France on 3 November 1760 His father s family were bourgeois cloth merchants and manufacturers established in Montolieu and said to have originated from Nogaret Haute Garonne His great grandfather Antoine Ramel 1643 1715 was a king s advocate 1 His parents were Jean Baptiste Ramel 1718 1800 and Marie Rose Ducup of Saint Ferriol died 1791 1 He attended law school in Toulouse He then acquired the posts of king s prosecutor in the marechaussee of Montolieu captain and royal judge Most important he was king s advocate in the marechaussee and presidial seat of Carcassonne a position he received from his great uncle Louis Joseph Benazet 2 Estates General and National Assembly editRamel de Nogaret was a supporter of new ideas On 23 March 1789 he was elected deputy for the third estate representing the senechaussee of Carcassonne in the Estates General of France He took the Tennis Court Oath on 20 June 1789 which formally established the National Assembly 3 He was a member of the committee of alienation and was appointed a commissioner for taking the oaths of troops In June 1791 he was sent on a mission to Brittany where there were serious disturbances and was skillful in helping to calm the situation down 3 Ramel de Nogaret was not a brilliant speaker but worked actively in the committees He was secretary of the Assembly on 18 July 1791 3 He opposed the division of France into departments on the grounds of the disruption this would cause in the administration and collection of taxes After the Assembly session ended on 30 September 1791 he was named president of the court of Carcassonne 3 National Convention edit nbsp Dominique Vincent Ramel de Nogaret circa 1795On 4 September 1792 the department of Aude elected Ramel to the National Convention In the trial of Louis XVI in the third division he said Louis is guilty of conspiracy against freedom At all times such a crime deserves death He was in the minority that favored asking the people to ratify the verdict and was in the majority that was opposed to temporarily suspending the king s execution Ramel de Nogaret intervened in a considerable number of discussions including those on the Constitution of 1793 on sale of the property of emigres creation of assignats and distribution of taxes He was against the Law of the Maximum which controlled food prices 3 Ramel de Nogaret was made a member of the Committee of Public Safety and proposed establishment of a paternal Commission to take the final decision on the guilt of the accused before sending them to court He was rapporteur for the discussion of the forced loan of 19 August 1793 and was the accuser of Fabre d Eglantine 3 In 1795 he was sent on a mission to Holland and helped ensure the rapid success of the troops of Jean Charles Pichegru 4 On his return he was elected on 22 Vendemiaire IV 14 October 1795 by the department of Aude as member of the Council of Five Hundred 5 Minister of Finance editDue to the special study Ramel had made of tax issues on 25 Pluviose IV 14 February 1796 he was appointed Minister of Finance He took office at a difficult time with urgent demands from the armies He developed the idea of the land registry and managed the difficult transition from assignats to money 5 He was committed to alleviating public debt and to reforming the taxation system In Brumaire VI November 1797 he established taxation agencies in the departments with commissioners tax collection staff and an inspector 2 However the disorders in tax administration towards the end of the Directory for which he was not responsible made him the target of anger for all the problems of the country 2 He was severely criticized by the press and by politicians Antoine Claire Thibaudeau Pierre Antoine Antonelle and others accused him of colluding with the army suppliers However Ramel de Nogaret was no richer when he retired from power on 2 Thermidor VII 20 July 1799 than when he entered office 5 On 30 September 1797 Ramel repudiated 2 3rds of France s public debt fr 6 Later career edit nbsp Ange Pauline Charlotte Panckoucke in 1820 by Jacques Louis DavidIn the year VIII Ramel de Nogaret married Ange Pauline Charlotte Panckoucke grand niece of Charles Joseph Panckoucke the encyclopedist and founder of Le Moniteur 7 He remained out of politics during the French Consulate 1799 1804 and most of the First French Empire 7 By inheritance and his business activities Ramel had accumulated a large fortune which gave him 20 000 francs of income in 1811 He bought a beautiful modern country house in Montolieu the little Versailles surrounded by fertile parkland 2 In 1812 Ramel de Nogaret accepted a position in the local government of Aude During the Hundred Days of 1815 when Napoleon returned from exile he accepted the position of prefect in Normandy After the second Bourbon Restoration in January 1816 he was exiled as a regicide and settled in Belgium where he returned to his family s business of textile manufacture and trade 7 Dominique Vincent Ramel died on 31 March 1829 in Brussels Belgium 1 Ramel de Nogaret had two daughters by his 1799 marriage with Pauline Panckoucke Pauline and Melanie 2 In 1820 the celebrated painter Jacques Louis David 30 August 1748 29 December 1825 made portraits of Ramel and his wife Ange Pauline Charlotte The pictures remained in the family until 1913 7 Selected publications editRamel s publications included 8 Rapport de la Commission des finances sur l emprunt force d un milliard 1793 Des finances de la Republique francaise en l an IX Corps legislatif Conseil des Cinq Cents Discours prononce par maniere de motion d ordre par D V Ramel depute du departement de l Aude dans la seance du 29 frimaire l an IV sur les finances le credit des assignats la necessite des contributions et les avantages des contributions indirectes Rapport fait au nom du comite general des finances par D V Ramel depute du departement de l Aude sur les moyens propres a diminuer la masse des assignats mis en circulation seance du mardi 23 avril 1793 l an deuxieme de la Republique Projet de decret presente par le comite des finances sur les proces et apposition des scelles des ci devant ferme generale regie etc Imprime par ordre de la Convention generale Signe D V Ramel rapporteur Des Finances de la Republique Francaise en l an IX par D V Ramel Ministere des Finances Rapport fait par le ministre des finances au Directoire executif sur la reponse au message du Conseil des Cinq Cents contenant demande de pieces justificatives de l etat des fonds affectes aux depenses de l exercice des l an 7 Liberte egalite Paris le 9 prairial an VI D V Ramel ministre des finances au citoyen Genissieu Le Ministre des Finances D V Nogaret aux citoyens representans du peuple membres de la commission des inspecteurs du palais national du Conseil des Cinq Cents Corps legislatif Conseil des Cinq Cents Rapport et projet de resolution sur le brisement des formes matrices et poincons de la fabrication des assignats Fait et presente par la commission des finances dans la seance du 9 pluviose l an IV Imprime par ordre du Conseil D V Ramel rapporteur References editCitations a b c Antonetti 2007 pp 201ff a b c d e Dominique Vincent RAMEL Trochu a b c d e f Robert amp Cougny 1891 p 80 Robert amp Cougny 1891 p 80 81 a b c Robert amp Cougny 1891 p 81 Une lettre pour tous les passionnes d Histoire 2020 10 14 30 septembre 1797 La banqueroute des deux tiers Herodote net Archived from the original on 2021 03 30 Retrieved 2022 09 28 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link a b c d Bordes 2007 p 314 Ramel de Nogaret Dominique Vincent VIAF nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dominique Vincent Ramel Sources Antonetti Guy 2007 Ramel Dominique Vincent Les ministres des Finances de la Revolution francaise au Second Empire Vol I Institut de la gestion publique et du developpement economique ISBN 9782821828254 Retrieved 2014 06 12 Bordes Philippe 2007 Jacques Louis David Empire to Exile Yale University Press ISBN 978 0 300 12346 3 Retrieved 2014 06 12 Dominique Vincent RAMEL amp Pauline PANCKOUCKE Musee Trochu Retrieved 2014 06 12 Ramel de Nogaret Dominique Vincent VIAF Retrieved 2014 06 12 Robert Adolphe Cougny Gaston 1891 RAMEL DE NOGARET Dominique Vincent Dictionnaire des parlementaires francais de 1789 a 1889 PDF Vol 2 Archived from the original PDF on 2016 03 03 Retrieved 2014 06 11 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dominique Vincent Ramel Nogaret amp oldid 1174456051, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
