A bailiwick (/ˈbeɪlɪwɪk/)[1] is usually the area of jurisdiction of a bailiff, and once also applied to territories in which a privately appointed bailiff exercised the sheriff's functions under a royal or imperial writ.
In English, the original Frenchbailie combined with -wic, the Anglo-Saxon suffix (meaning a village) to produce a term meaning literally 'bailiff's village'—the original geographic scope of a bailiwick. In the 19th century, it was absorbed into American English as a metaphor for a sphere of knowledge or activity.
The term can also be used colloquially to mean 'one's area of expertise'
The term originated in France (bailie being the Old French term for a bailiff). Under the ancien régime in France, the bailli was the king's representative in a bailliage, charged with the application of justice and control of the administration. In southern France, the term generally used was sénéchal (cf seneschal) who held office in the sénéchaussée. The administrative network of baillages was established in the 13th century, based on the earlier medieval fiscal and tax divisions (the 'baillie') which had been used by earlier sovereign princes.[2] (For more on this French judicial system, see bailli, prévôt and Early Modern France.)
Bailiwick of Bicester Market Endedit
At Bicester in Oxfordshire, the Lord of the Manor of Market End was the Earl of Derby who, in 1597, sold a 9,999-year lease to 31 principal tenants. This in effect gave the manorial rights to the leaseholders, ‘purchased for the benefit of those inhabitants or others who might hereafter obtain parts of the demesne’. The leaseholders elected a bailiff to receive the profits from the bailiwick, mainly from the administration of the market and distribute them to the shareholders. From the bailiff's title, the arrangement became known as the Bailiwick of Bicester Market End. By 1752 all of the original leases were in the hands of ten men, who leased the bailiwick control of the market to two local tradesmen.[3]
^. Lexico.com. Oxford University Press. 2020. Archived from the original on May 28, 2020. Retrieved 2021-01-16.
^Schneider, Zoë A.. The King's Bench: Bailiwick Magistrates and Local Governance in Normandy, 1670-1740. United Kingdom, University of Rochester Press, 2008.
^"The market town of Bicester." A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 6. Ed. Mary D Lobel. London: Victoria County History, 1959. 14-56. British History Online. Web. 23 June 2022. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol6/pp14-56.
External linksedit
The dictionary definition of bailiwick at Wiktionary
April 15, 2024
bailiwick, bailiwick, usually, area, jurisdiction, bailiff, once, also, applied, territories, which, privately, appointed, bailiff, exercised, sheriff, functions, under, royal, imperial, writ, english, original, french, bailie, combined, with, anglo, saxon, su. A bailiwick ˈ b eɪ l ɪ w ɪ k 1 is usually the area of jurisdiction of a bailiff and once also applied to territories in which a privately appointed bailiff exercised the sheriff s functions under a royal or imperial writ In English the original French bailie combined with wic the Anglo Saxon suffix meaning a village to produce a term meaning literally bailiff s village the original geographic scope of a bailiwick In the 19th century it was absorbed into American English as a metaphor for a sphere of knowledge or activity The term can also be used colloquially to mean one s area of expertise The term survives in administrative usage in the British Crown Dependencies of the Channel Islands which are grouped for administrative purposes into two bailiwicks the Bailiwick of Jersey comprising the island of Jersey and uninhabited islets such as the Minquiers and Ecrehous and the Bailiwick of Guernsey comprising the islands of Guernsey Sark Alderney Brecqhou Herm Jethou and Lihou A Bailiff heads each Channel Island bailiwick A bailiwick German Ballei was also the territorial division of the Teutonic Order Here various Komtur en formed a Ballei province Contents 1 Origin 2 Bailiwick of Bicester Market End 3 List of Bailiwicks 4 References 5 External linksOrigin editThe term originated in France bailie being the Old French term for a bailiff Under the ancien regime in France the bailli was the king s representative in a bailliage charged with the application of justice and control of the administration In southern France the term generally used was senechal cf seneschal who held office in the senechaussee The administrative network of baillages was established in the 13th century based on the earlier medieval fiscal and tax divisions the baillie which had been used by earlier sovereign princes 2 For more on this French judicial system see bailli prevot and Early Modern France Bailiwick of Bicester Market End editAt Bicester in Oxfordshire the Lord of the Manor of Market End was the Earl of Derby who in 1597 sold a 9 999 year lease to 31 principal tenants This in effect gave the manorial rights to the leaseholders purchased for the benefit of those inhabitants or others who might hereafter obtain parts of the demesne The leaseholders elected a bailiff to receive the profits from the bailiwick mainly from the administration of the market and distribute them to the shareholders From the bailiff s title the arrangement became known as the Bailiwick of Bicester Market End By 1752 all of the original leases were in the hands of ten men who leased the bailiwick control of the market to two local tradesmen 3 List of Bailiwicks editBailiwick of Guernsey Bailiwick of Jersey Bailiwick of Brandenburg Bailiwick of Franconia Bailiwick of Koblenz Bailiwick of Bois le Duc Bailiwick of Stade Twescard Bailiwick of Utrecht Bailiwick An Der Etsch Bailiwick of Alsace and Burgundy de fr References edit Definition of Bailiwick Lexico com Oxford University Press 2020 Archived from the original on May 28 2020 Retrieved 2021 01 16 Schneider Zoe A The King s Bench Bailiwick Magistrates and Local Governance in Normandy 1670 1740 United Kingdom University of Rochester Press 2008 The market town of Bicester A History of the County of Oxford Volume 6 Ed Mary D Lobel London Victoria County History 1959 14 56 British History Online Web 23 June 2022 http www british history ac uk vch oxon vol6 pp14 56 External links edit nbsp The dictionary definition of bailiwick at Wiktionary Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bailiwick amp oldid 1210913363, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
