Diphydontosaurus is an extinct genus of small rhynchocephalianreptile from the Late Triassic of Europe. It is the most primitive known member of Sphenodontia.
Diphydontosaurus was one of the smallest sphenodontians, measuring up to 10 cm (4 in) long. It had long, sharp claws to help it catch its prey.[1] The skull, which was around 1.4 cm (0.55 in) long, had large orbits (eye sockets), as well as a combination of 17 regularly replaced conical pleurodont teeth on the front of the jaws and 11 larger permanent acrodont teeth in the posterior jaws. It was likely an insectivore which used its acrodont posterior teeth to dismember prey.[2]
Classificationedit
Diphydontosaurus avonis is known from abundant remains covering most of the skeleton found in fissure fill deposits in Southwest Britain.[1] A skeleton of a juvenile sphenodontian tentatively referred to Diphydontosaurus was reported in 1996 from the Norian of Lombardy in Italy.[3]
In most recent analyses it has been recovered as the most basal sphenodontian.[4]
Diphydontosaurus avonis was a small animal that lived in the Bristol Channel region of England. It lived during the Late Triassic about 205 mya. The deposits in which it is from are complete enough for its ecosystem to be reconstructed in 2012. In the Late Triassic, the regions that Diphydontosaurus lived in were numerous rocky, small caves, that sat on a limestone bed. It is likely that the caves were eroded by possibly acidic rainwater. Diphydontosaurus is very well known from these deposits, potentially because they drowned after a rainstorm or monsoon.[1]
^"The head skeleton of the Rhaetian sphenodontid Diphydontosaurus avonis gen. et sp.nov. and the modernizing of a living fossil". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences. 312 (1156): 379–430. 1986-05-19. doi:10.1098/rstb.1986.0014. ISSN 0080-4622.
^Renesto, S., 1995, A sphenodontid from the Norian (Late Triassic) of Lombardy (Northern Italy): a preliminary note: Modern Geology, v. 20, p. 149–158.
^Sues, Hans-Dieter; Schoch, Rainer R. (2023-11-07). "The oldest known rhynchocephalian reptile from the Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of Germany and its phylogenetic position among Lepidosauromorpha". The Anatomical Record. doi:10.1002/ar.25339. ISSN 1932-8486. PMID 37937325. S2CID 265050255.
Citationsedit
Benson, R.; Brusatte, S.; Hone, D.; Naish, D.; Xu, X.; Anderson, J.; Clack, J.; Duffin, C.; Milner, A.; Parsons, K.; Prothero, D.; Johanson, Z.; Dennis-Bryan, K. (2012) [2009]. Ambrose, Jamie; Gilpin, David; Hirani, Salima; Jackson, Tom; Joyce, Nathan; Maiklem, Lara; Marriott, Emma; Nottage, Claire; van Zyl, Meizan (eds.). Prehistoric Life: A Definitive Visual History of Life on Earth. Dorling Kindersley. pp. 1–512. ISBN978-0-7566-9910-9. OCLC 444710202.
Rauhut, O. W. M.; Heyng, A. M.; López-Arbarello, A.; Hecker, A. (2012). "A new rhynchocephalian from the Late Jurassic of Germany with a dentition that is unique amongst tetrapods". PLOS ONE. 7 (10): e46839. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...746839R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0046839. PMC3485277. PMID 23118861.
Whiteside DI (1986). "The head skeleton of the Rhaetian sphenodontid Diphydontosaurus avonis gen. et sp. nov., and the modernising of a living fossil". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 312 (1156): 379–430. Bibcode:1986RSPTB.312..379W. doi:10.1098/rstb.1986.0014.
Jones, MEH (2008). "Skull shape and feeding strategy in Sphenodon and other Rhynchocephalia (Diapsida: Lepidosauria)". Journal of Morphology. 269 (8): 945–966. doi:10.1002/jmor.10634. PMID 18512698.
Whiteside, DI; Marshall, JEA (2008). "The age, fauna and palaeoenvironment of the Late Triassic fissure deposits of Tytherington, South Gloucestershire, UK". Geological Magazine. 145 (1): 105–147. Bibcode:2008GeoM..145..105W. doi:10.1017/S0016756807003925. S2CID 129614690.
diphydontosaurus, extinct, genus, small, rhynchocephalian, reptile, from, late, triassic, europe, most, primitive, known, member, sphenodontia, temporal, range, late, triassic, preꞒ, nskull, avonis, lateral, viewlombary, specimen, scientific, classificationdom. Diphydontosaurus is an extinct genus of small rhynchocephalian reptile from the Late Triassic of Europe It is the most primitive known member of Sphenodontia DiphydontosaurusTemporal range Late Triassic 231 200 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg NSkull of D avonis in lateral viewLombary specimen of Diphydontosaurus sp Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ReptiliaOrder RhynchocephaliaGenus DiphydontosaurusWhiteside 1986Species D avonisBinomial name Diphydontosaurus avonisWhiteside 1986 Contents 1 Description 2 Classification 3 Paleoecology 4 References 4 1 Footnotes 4 2 CitationsDescription edit nbsp Life restorationDiphydontosaurus was one of the smallest sphenodontians measuring up to 10 cm 4 in long It had long sharp claws to help it catch its prey 1 The skull which was around 1 4 cm 0 55 in long had large orbits eye sockets as well as a combination of 17 regularly replaced conical pleurodont teeth on the front of the jaws and 11 larger permanent acrodont teeth in the posterior jaws It was likely an insectivore which used its acrodont posterior teeth to dismember prey 2 Classification editDiphydontosaurus avonis is known from abundant remains covering most of the skeleton found in fissure fill deposits in Southwest Britain 1 A skeleton of a juvenile sphenodontian tentatively referred to Diphydontosaurus was reported in 1996 from the Norian of Lombardy in Italy 3 In most recent analyses it has been recovered as the most basal sphenodontian 4 Rhynchocephalia Wirtembergia hauboldaeGephyrosaurus bridensisSphenodontia Diphydontosaurus avonisAcrosphenodontia Planocephalosaurus robinsonaeRebbanasaurus jainiGodavarisaurus lateefiTheretairus antiquusEusphenodontia Polysphenodon mulleriOpisthiamimus gregoriClevosauridae Clevosaurus convallisClevosaurus brasiliensisClevosaurus hadroprodonClevosaurus bairdiClevosaurus hudsoniClevosaurus cambricaNeosphenodontiaPaleoecology editDiphydontosaurus avonis was a small animal that lived in the Bristol Channel region of England It lived during the Late Triassic about 205 mya The deposits in which it is from are complete enough for its ecosystem to be reconstructed in 2012 In the Late Triassic the regions that Diphydontosaurus lived in were numerous rocky small caves that sat on a limestone bed It is likely that the caves were eroded by possibly acidic rainwater Diphydontosaurus is very well known from these deposits potentially because they drowned after a rainstorm or monsoon 1 References editFootnotes edit a b c Benson et al 2012 pp 208 209 The head skeleton of the Rhaetian sphenodontid Diphydontosaurus avonis gen et sp nov and the modernizing of a living fossil Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B Biological Sciences 312 1156 379 430 1986 05 19 doi 10 1098 rstb 1986 0014 ISSN 0080 4622 Renesto S 1995 A sphenodontid from the Norian Late Triassic of Lombardy Northern Italy a preliminary note Modern Geology v 20 p 149 158 Sues Hans Dieter Schoch Rainer R 2023 11 07 The oldest known rhynchocephalian reptile from the Middle Triassic Ladinian of Germany and its phylogenetic position among Lepidosauromorpha The Anatomical Record doi 10 1002 ar 25339 ISSN 1932 8486 PMID 37937325 S2CID 265050255 Citations edit Benson R Brusatte S Hone D Naish D Xu X Anderson J Clack J Duffin C Milner A Parsons K Prothero D Johanson Z Dennis Bryan K 2012 2009 Ambrose Jamie Gilpin David Hirani Salima Jackson Tom Joyce Nathan Maiklem Lara Marriott Emma Nottage Claire van Zyl Meizan eds Prehistoric Life A Definitive Visual History of Life on Earth Dorling Kindersley pp 1 512 ISBN 978 0 7566 9910 9 OCLC 444710202 Rauhut O W M Heyng A M Lopez Arbarello A Hecker A 2012 A new rhynchocephalian from the Late Jurassic of Germany with a dentition that is unique amongst tetrapods PLOS ONE 7 10 e46839 Bibcode 2012PLoSO 746839R doi 10 1371 journal pone 0046839 PMC 3485277 PMID 23118861 Whiteside DI 1986 The head skeleton of the Rhaetian sphenodontid Diphydontosaurus avonis gen et sp nov and the modernising of a living fossil Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 312 1156 379 430 Bibcode 1986RSPTB 312 379W doi 10 1098 rstb 1986 0014 Jones MEH 2008 Skull shape and feeding strategy in Sphenodon and other Rhynchocephalia Diapsida Lepidosauria Journal of Morphology 269 8 945 966 doi 10 1002 jmor 10634 PMID 18512698 Whiteside DI Marshall JEA 2008 The age fauna and palaeoenvironment of the Late Triassic fissure deposits of Tytherington South Gloucestershire UK Geological Magazine 145 1 105 147 Bibcode 2008GeoM 145 105W doi 10 1017 S0016756807003925 S2CID 129614690 nbsp Paleontology portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Diphydontosaurus amp oldid 1195106572, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
