A dark-energy star is a hypothetical compact astrophysical object, which a minority of physicists think might constitute an alternative explanation for observations of astronomical black hole candidates.
Dark-energy stars were first proposed because in quantum physics, absolute time is required; however, in general relativity, an object falling towards a black hole would, to an outside observer, seem to have time pass infinitely slowly at the event horizon. The object itself would feel as if time flowed normally.[1]
In order to reconcile quantum mechanics with black holes, Chapline theorized that a phase transition in the phase of space occurs at the event horizon. He based his ideas on the physics of superfluids. As a column of superfluid grows taller, at some point, density increases, slowing down the speed of sound, so that it approaches zero. However, at that point, quantum physics makes sound waves dissipate their energy into the superfluid, so that the zero sound speed condition is never encountered.
In the dark-energy star hypothesis, infalling matter approaching the event horizon decays into successively lighter particles. Nearing the event horizon, environmental effects accelerate proton decay. This may account for high-energy cosmic-ray sources and positron sources in the sky. When the matter falls through the event horizon, the energy equivalent of some or all of that matter is converted into dark energy. This negative pressure counteracts the mass the star gains, avoiding a singularity. The negative pressure also gives a very high number for the cosmological constant.[3]
Furthermore, 'primordial' dark-energy stars could form by fluctuations of spacetime itself, which is analogous to "blobs of liquid condensing spontaneously out of a cooling gas". This not only alters the understanding of black holes, but has the potential to explain the dark energy and dark matter that are indirectly observed.[3]
^ abMusser, George (7 July 2003). "Frozen Stars Black holes may not be bottomless pits after all". Scientific American. 289 (1): 20–1. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0703-20. PMID 12840938. Retrieved 20 July 2012.
^Choi, Charles (16 March 2018). . Scientific American. Archived from the original on 17 June 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
^ abMerali, Zeeya (9 March 2006). "Three cosmic enigmas, one audacious answer". New Scientist. Retrieved 20 July 2012.
Sourcesedit
Chapline, George (2005). "Dark Energy Stars". Proceedings of the Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics: 101. arXiv:astro-ph/0503200. Bibcode:2005tsra.conf..101C.
Barbieri, J.; Chapline, G. ″ (2004). "Have Nucleon Decays Already Been Seen?". Physics Letters B. 590 (1–2): 8–12. Bibcode:2004PhLB..590....8B. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2004.03.054.
Chapline, George; Hohlfeld, E.; Laughlin, R. B.; Santiago, D. I. (2003). "Quantum Phase Transitions and the Failure of Classical General Relativity". International Journal of Modern Physics A. 18 (21): 3587–3590. arXiv:gr-qc/0012094. Bibcode:2003IJMPA..18.3587C. doi:10.1142/S0217751X03016380. S2CID 119456781.
External linksedit
George Chapline (28 March 2005). "Black holes 'do not exist'". Nature News. (subscription only)
dark, energy, star, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, april, 2010, learn, when, remove, this, template, message,. This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations April 2010 Learn how and when to remove this template message A dark energy star is a hypothetical compact astrophysical object which a minority of physicists think might constitute an alternative explanation for observations of astronomical black hole candidates The concept was proposed by physicist George Chapline The theory states that infalling matter is converted into vacuum energy or dark energy as the matter falls through the event horizon The space within the event horizon would end up with a large value for the cosmological constant and have negative pressure to exert against gravity There would be no information destroying singularity 1 Contents 1 Theory 2 See also 3 References 4 Sources 5 External linksTheory editIn March 2005 physicist George Chapline claimed that quantum mechanics makes it a near certainty that black holes do not exist and are instead dark energy stars The dark energy star is a different concept from that of a gravastar 2 Dark energy stars were first proposed because in quantum physics absolute time is required however in general relativity an object falling towards a black hole would to an outside observer seem to have time pass infinitely slowly at the event horizon The object itself would feel as if time flowed normally 1 In order to reconcile quantum mechanics with black holes Chapline theorized that a phase transition in the phase of space occurs at the event horizon He based his ideas on the physics of superfluids As a column of superfluid grows taller at some point density increases slowing down the speed of sound so that it approaches zero However at that point quantum physics makes sound waves dissipate their energy into the superfluid so that the zero sound speed condition is never encountered In the dark energy star hypothesis infalling matter approaching the event horizon decays into successively lighter particles Nearing the event horizon environmental effects accelerate proton decay This may account for high energy cosmic ray sources and positron sources in the sky When the matter falls through the event horizon the energy equivalent of some or all of that matter is converted into dark energy This negative pressure counteracts the mass the star gains avoiding a singularity The negative pressure also gives a very high number for the cosmological constant 3 Furthermore primordial dark energy stars could form by fluctuations of spacetime itself which is analogous to blobs of liquid condensing spontaneously out of a cooling gas This not only alters the understanding of black holes but has the potential to explain the dark energy and dark matter that are indirectly observed 3 See also editBlack star semiclassical gravity Dark energy Dark matter Gravastar Stellar mass black holeReferences edit a b Musser George 7 July 2003 Frozen Stars Black holes may not be bottomless pits after all Scientific American 289 1 20 1 doi 10 1038 scientificamerican0703 20 PMID 12840938 Retrieved 20 July 2012 Choi Charles 16 March 2018 Black hole pretenders could really be bizarre quantum stars Scientific American Archived from the original on 17 June 2019 Retrieved 1 August 2019 a b Merali Zeeya 9 March 2006 Three cosmic enigmas one audacious answer New Scientist Retrieved 20 July 2012 Sources editChapline George 2005 Dark Energy Stars Proceedings of the Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics 101 arXiv astro ph 0503200 Bibcode 2005tsra conf 101C Barbieri J Chapline G 2004 Have Nucleon Decays Already Been Seen Physics Letters B 590 1 2 8 12 Bibcode 2004PhLB 590 8B doi 10 1016 j physletb 2004 03 054 Chapline George Hohlfeld E Laughlin R B Santiago D I 2003 Quantum Phase Transitions and the Failure of Classical General Relativity International Journal of Modern Physics A 18 21 3587 3590 arXiv gr qc 0012094 Bibcode 2003IJMPA 18 3587C doi 10 1142 S0217751X03016380 S2CID 119456781 External links editMPIE Galactic Center Research George Chapline 28 March 2005 Black holes do not exist Nature News subscription only Portals nbsp Astronomy nbsp Spaceflight nbsp Outer space nbsp Solar System Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dark energy star amp oldid 1192128983, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
