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Daeira

January 01, 1970

In Greek mythology, Daeira (Ancient Greek: Δάειρα or Δαείρας) or Daira (Δαῖρα) was a divinity connected with the Eleusinian mysteries. Her name means the "knowing one" from daô knowing which links well to the inside knowledge of the initiate.[1]

Daeira
AbodeEleusis
Personal information
ParentsOceanus and Tethys
SiblingsOceanids and Potamoi
Consort(1) Hermes
(2) Eumolpus
(3) ?Cadmus
Offspring(1) Eleusis
(2) Immaradus
(3) Semele

Family edit

Daeira was a daughter of the Titan Oceanus[2] possibly by his sister-wife Tethys, thus one of the 3,000 Oceanids.[3] Others called her simply as the sister of Styx[4] (also an Oceanid).

By Hermes, Daira became the mother of Eleusis,[2] eponym of the town of Eleusis. Otherwise, their son was called the child of Ogygus, the primeval king of Attica. In some myths, she borne Immarados to Eumolpos.[5] Aristophanes said that Daeira was the mother of Semele.[6]

Mythology edit

According to Aischylos, Daeira was the same as Persephone.[7][8][9] Others said she was Persephone's nurse; Persephone's jailer; identical with Aphrodite; identical with Demeter;[10] identical with Hera;[11] identical with Hekate;[12] an enemy of Demeter, so that the latter's priestess avoided her rites.[13][14]

The Eleusinian link is clearly fundamental, and confirmed by offerings to Daeira in an Eleusinian context in two if not three fifth- and fourth-century sacrificial calendars.[15] The chaos in the myths even in the fifth century must be due in part to the secrecy of the Mysteries, but perhaps also to the unimportance of this particular kind of accuracy in ritual matters.[16] An Attic religious official δαειρίης (Δαειρίης?) is attested by Pollux[17] of whose ritual activity Daeira may have been a projection.[18]

Notes edit

  1. ^ Or people may have heard 'torch', cf. Homeric Hymn to Demeter 48 with Richardson; or 'sister-in-law' (Phot. 5), Pausanias the Atticist and Ailios Dionysios 1 Erbse ap. Eustathius loc. cit. = FGrHist 369 F 1 (cf. Phot. 25) referred to ύγρά ούοία, which they say was called δαίρα in the mysteries.
  2. ^ a b Pausanias, 1.38.7
  3. ^ Bane, Theresa (2013). Encyclopedia of Fairies in World Folklore and Mythology. McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. p. 95. ISBN 9780786471119.
  4. ^ Pherecydes, fr. 45 = Fowler, p. 16
  5. ^ Clement of Alexandria, Exhortations 45.1
  6. ^ Pherecydes, fr. 804
  7. ^ Pherecydes, fr. 277
  8. ^ Lycophron, Alexandra 710 with scholia
  9. ^ Etymologicum Magnum 244.34
  10. ^ Phanodemos FGrHi5t 325 F is, also for Aphrodite
  11. ^ Photius, 5
  12. ^ Scholia on Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 3.847
  13. ^ Eustathius on Homer's Iliad 648.37
  14. ^ Servius, Commentary on Virgil's Aeneid 4.58
  15. ^ IG P 250 A 16 (Paiania); SEG 50.168; possibly also NGSL i.5 (Thorikos), as supplemented by N. Robertson, GRBS 37 (1996) 349; IG II 1496 = SIG 1029 where see Hiller von Gaertringen (his n. 19).
  16. ^ Fowler, 1.7.7
  17. ^ Pausanias, 1.35
  18. ^ For discussion of Daeira see R. Parker, Polytheism and Society 340; Clinton, Sacred Officials 98. Pamias on fr. 45 wonders whether when Pausanias refers to οί παλαιοί he was thinking rather of Pherekydes of Syros; cf. app. crit. to fr. 177

References edit

  • Lycophron, The Alexandra translated by Alexander William Mair. Loeb Classical Library Volume 129. London: William Heinemann, 1921. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
  • Lycophron, Alexandra translated by A.W. Mair. London: William Heinemann; New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1921. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
  • Pausanias, Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. ISBN 0-674-99328-4. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
  • Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio. 3 vols. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
  • Maurus Servius Honoratus, In Vergilii carmina comentarii. Servii Grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii; recensuerunt Georgius Thilo et Hermannus Hagen. Georgius Thilo. Leipzig. B. G. Teubner. 1881. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
  • Titus Flavius Clemens, Exhortation against the Pagans translated by Butterworth, G W. Loeb Classical Library Volume 92. Cambridge, MA. Harvard University Press. 1919. Online version at theio.com

January 01, 1970
daeira, greek, mythology, ancient, greek, Δάειρα, Δαείρας, daira, Δαῖρα, divinity, connected, with, eleusinian, mysteries, name, means, knowing, from, daô, knowing, which, links, well, inside, knowledge, initiate, oceanid, eleusisabodeeleusispersonal, informat. In Greek mythology Daeira Ancient Greek Daeira or Daeiras or Daira Daῖra was a divinity connected with the Eleusinian mysteries Her name means the knowing one from dao knowing which links well to the inside knowledge of the initiate 1 DaeiraOceanid of EleusisAbodeEleusisPersonal informationParentsOceanus and TethysSiblingsOceanids and PotamoiConsort 1 Hermes 2 Eumolpus 3 CadmusOffspring 1 Eleusis 2 Immaradus 3 SemeleContents 1 Family 2 Mythology 3 Notes 4 ReferencesFamily editDaeira was a daughter of the Titan Oceanus 2 possibly by his sister wife Tethys thus one of the 3 000 Oceanids 3 Others called her simply as the sister of Styx 4 also an Oceanid By Hermes Daira became the mother of Eleusis 2 eponym of the town of Eleusis Otherwise their son was called the child of Ogygus the primeval king of Attica In some myths she borne Immarados to Eumolpos 5 Aristophanes said that Daeira was the mother of Semele 6 Mythology editAccording to Aischylos Daeira was the same as Persephone 7 8 9 Others said she was Persephone s nurse Persephone s jailer identical with Aphrodite identical with Demeter 10 identical with Hera 11 identical with Hekate 12 an enemy of Demeter so that the latter s priestess avoided her rites 13 14 The Eleusinian link is clearly fundamental and confirmed by offerings to Daeira in an Eleusinian context in two if not three fifth and fourth century sacrificial calendars 15 The chaos in the myths even in the fifth century must be due in part to the secrecy of the Mysteries but perhaps also to the unimportance of this particular kind of accuracy in ritual matters 16 An Attic religious official daeirihs Daeirihs is attested by Pollux 17 of whose ritual activity Daeira may have been a projection 18 Notes edit Or people may have heard torch cf Homeric Hymn to Demeter 48 with Richardson or sister in law Phot 5 Pausanias the Atticist and Ailios Dionysios 1 Erbse ap Eustathius loc cit FGrHist 369 F 1 cf Phot 25 referred to ygra oyoia which they say was called daira in the mysteries a b Pausanias 1 38 7 Bane Theresa 2013 Encyclopedia of Fairies in World Folklore and Mythology McFarland Incorporated Publishers p 95 ISBN 9780786471119 Pherecydes fr 45 Fowler p 16 Clement of Alexandria Exhortations 45 1 Pherecydes fr 804 Pherecydes fr 277 Lycophron Alexandra 710 with scholia Etymologicum Magnum 244 34 Phanodemos FGrHi5t 325 F is also for Aphrodite Photius 5 Scholia on Apollonius of Rhodes Argonautica 3 847 Eustathius on Homer s Iliad 648 37 Servius Commentary on Virgil s Aeneid 4 58 IG P 250 A 16 Paiania SEG 50 168 possibly also NGSL i 5 Thorikos as supplemented by N Robertson GRBS 37 1996 349 IG II 1496 SIG 1029 where see Hiller von Gaertringen his n 19 Fowler 1 7 7 Pausanias 1 35 For discussion of Daeira see R Parker Polytheism and Society 340 Clinton Sacred Officials 98 Pamias on fr 45 wonders whether when Pausanias refers to oi palaioi he was thinking rather of Pherekydes of Syros cf app crit to fr 177References editLycophron The Alexandra translated by Alexander William Mair Loeb Classical Library Volume 129 London William Heinemann 1921 Online version at the Topos Text Project Lycophron Alexandra translated by A W Mair London William Heinemann New York G P Putnam s Sons 1921 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W H S Jones Litt D and H A Ormerod M A in 4 Volumes Cambridge MA Harvard University Press London William Heinemann Ltd 1918 ISBN 0 674 99328 4 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Pausanias Graeciae Descriptio 3 vols Leipzig Teubner 1903 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library Maurus Servius Honoratus In Vergilii carmina comentarii Servii Grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii recensuerunt Georgius Thilo et Hermannus Hagen Georgius Thilo Leipzig B G Teubner 1881 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library Titus Flavius Clemens Exhortation against the Pagans translated by Butterworth G W Loeb Classical Library Volume 92 Cambridge MA Harvard University Press 1919 Online version at theio com Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Daeira amp oldid 1189509834, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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