Servius[1] was a late fourth-century and early fifth-century grammarian. He earned a contemporary reputation as the most learned man of his generation in Italy; he authored a set of commentaries on the works of Virgil. These works, In tria Virgilii Opera Expositio, constituted the first incunable to be printed at Florence, by Bernardo Cennini, in 1471.
Servius commenting Virgil (France, 15th century).
16th century edition of Virgil with Servius' commentary printed to the left of the text.
In the Saturnalia of Macrobius, Servius appears as one of the interlocutors; allusions in that work and a letter from Symmachus to Servius indicate that he was not a convert to Christianity.[2]
The commentary on Virgil (Latin: In Vergilii Aeneidem commentarii) survives in two distinct manuscript traditions.[3]
The first is a comparatively short commentary, attributed to Servius in the superscription in the manuscripts and by other internal evidence. The second class derive from the 10th and 11th centuries, embed the same text in a much expanded commentary. The copious additions are in contrasting style to the original; none of these manuscripts bears Servius' name, and the commentary is known traditionally as Servius auctus or Servius Danielis, from Pierre Daniel who first published it in 1600.[4]
"The added matter is undoubtedly ancient, dating from a time but little removed from that of Servius, and is founded to a large extent on historical and antiquarian literature which is now lost. The writer is anonymous and probably a Christian",[5] although one proposed author, Aelius Donatus, was a Christian.
A third class of manuscripts, written for the most part in Italy, includes the core text with interpolated scholia, which demonstrate the continued usefulness of the Virgilii Opera Expositio.[citation needed]
Other works
Besides the Virgilian commentary, other works of Servius are extant: a collection of notes on the grammar (Ars grammatica) of Aelius Donatus; a treatise on metrical endings in verse (De finalibus); and a tract on the different poetic meters (De centum metris).
The edition of Georg Thilo and Hermann Hagen (1878–1902), remains the only edition of the whole of Servius' work. Currently in development is the Harvard Servius (Servianorum in Vergilii Carmina Commentariorum: Editionis Harvardianae); of the projected five volumes, two have so far appeared: ii (Aeneid 1–2), 1946, and iii (Aeneid 3–5), 1965.
References
^In some medieval manuscripts of his work, he is given the additional names "Marius", "Maurus", and "Honoratus". The authenticity of these names is doubted. Robert A. Kaster, Guardians of Language: The Grammarian and Society in Late Antiquity (Berkeley, 1997), p. 357. Oxford Classical Dictionary, "Servius, grammarian and commentator". PLRE, vol. 1, p. 827.
^The manuscript tradition is examined by Charles E. Murgia, Prolegomena to Servius 5: the manuscripts (University of California Classical Studies 11), University of California Press, 1975.
^(in Italian) I. Biffi and C. Marabelli (eds.), Figure del pensiero medievale. Fondamenti e inizi IV-IX secolo, Jaca Book, 2009, p. 306
^Encyclopædia Britannica 1911: sub "Servius Maurus Honoratus"
Sources
E. K. Rand, "Is Donatus's Commentary on Virgil Lost?" Classical Quarterly 10 (1916), 158–164. Donatus's authorship of the supplementary material.
"The Manuscripts of the Commentary of Servius Danielis on Virgil", Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 43 (1932), 77–121;
"The Manuscripts of Servius's Commentary on Virgil", Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 45 (1934), 157–204.
Casali, Sergio and Fabio Stok (edd.). Servio: stratificazioni esegetiche e modelli culturali / Servius: exegetical stratifications and cultural models (Bruxelles: Éditions Latomus, 2008) (Collection Latomus, 317).
External links
Media related to Maurus Servius Honoratus at Wikimedia Commons
Latin Wikisource has original text related to this article: Maurus Servius Honoratus
Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil at the Perseus Project in Latin.
Commentary on the Eclogues of Vergil at the Perseus Project in Latin.
De Centum Metris at Intratext.com
De Centum Metris at Forum Romanorum
Servii grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii, Georius Thilo, Hermannus Hagen (ed.), 3 vol., Lipsiae in aedibus B. G. Teubneri, 1881–1902: vol. 1, vol. 2, vol. 3 part 1, vol. 3 part 2.
January 26, 2023
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Servius grammarian news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message Servius 1 was a late fourth century and early fifth century grammarian He earned a contemporary reputation as the most learned man of his generation in Italy he authored a set of commentaries on the works of Virgil These works In tria Virgilii Opera Expositio constituted the first incunable to be printed at Florence by Bernardo Cennini in 1471 Servius commenting Virgil France 15th century 16th century edition of Virgil with Servius commentary printed to the left of the text In the Saturnalia of Macrobius Servius appears as one of the interlocutors allusions in that work and a letter from Symmachus to Servius indicate that he was not a convert to Christianity 2 Contents 1 Commentary on Virgil 2 Other works 3 References 4 Sources 5 External linksCommentary on Virgil EditThe commentary on Virgil Latin In Vergilii Aeneidem commentarii survives in two distinct manuscript traditions 3 The first is a comparatively short commentary attributed to Servius in the superscription in the manuscripts and by other internal evidence The second class derive from the 10th and 11th centuries embed the same text in a much expanded commentary The copious additions are in contrasting style to the original none of these manuscripts bears Servius name and the commentary is known traditionally as Servius auctus or Servius Danielis from Pierre Daniel who first published it in 1600 4 The added matter is undoubtedly ancient dating from a time but little removed from that of Servius and is founded to a large extent on historical and antiquarian literature which is now lost The writer is anonymous and probably a Christian 5 although one proposed author Aelius Donatus was a Christian A third class of manuscripts written for the most part in Italy includes the core text with interpolated scholia which demonstrate the continued usefulness of the Virgilii Opera Expositio citation needed Other works EditBesides the Virgilian commentary other works of Servius are extant a collection of notes on the grammar Ars grammatica of Aelius Donatus a treatise on metrical endings in verse De finalibus and a tract on the different poetic meters De centum metris The edition of Georg Thilo and Hermann Hagen 1878 1902 remains the only edition of the whole of Servius work Currently in development is the Harvard Servius Servianorum in Vergilii Carmina Commentariorum Editionis Harvardianae of the projected five volumes two have so far appeared ii Aeneid 1 2 1946 and iii Aeneid 3 5 1965 References Edit In some medieval manuscripts of his work he is given the additional names Marius Maurus and Honoratus The authenticity of these names is doubted Robert A Kaster Guardians of Language The Grammarian and Society in Late Antiquity Berkeley 1997 p 357 Oxford Classical Dictionary Servius grammarian and commentator PLRE vol 1 p 827 Macrobius Criticism Essay eNotes com eNotes Retrieved 2022 09 01 The manuscript tradition is examined by Charles E Murgia Prolegomena to Servius 5 the manuscripts University of California Classical Studies 11 University of California Press 1975 in Italian I Biffi and C Marabelli eds Figure del pensiero medievale Fondamenti e inizi IV IX secolo Jaca Book 2009 p 306 Encyclopaedia Britannica 1911 sub Servius Maurus Honoratus Sources EditE K Rand Is Donatus s Commentary on Virgil Lost Classical Quarterly 10 1916 158 164 Donatus s authorship of the supplementary material The Manuscripts of the Commentary of Servius Danielis on Virgil Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 43 1932 77 121 The Manuscripts of Servius s Commentary on Virgil Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 45 1934 157 204 Casali Sergio and Fabio Stok edd Servio stratificazioni esegetiche e modelli culturali Servius exegetical stratifications and cultural models Bruxelles Editions Latomus 2008 Collection Latomus 317 External links Edit Media related to Maurus Servius Honoratus at Wikimedia Commons Latin Wikisource has original text related to this article Maurus Servius Honoratus Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil at the Perseus Project in Latin Commentary on the Eclogues of Vergil at the Perseus Project in Latin De Centum Metris at Intratext com De Centum Metris at Forum Romanorum Servii grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii Georius Thilo Hermannus Hagen ed 3 vol Lipsiae in aedibus B G Teubneri 1881 1902 vol 1 vol 2 vol 3 part 1 vol 3 part 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Servius grammarian amp oldid 1122226271, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
