The Bavarian Class Gt 2×4/4 (bayerische Gt 2x4/4) engine of the Royal Bavarian State Railways (Königlich Bayerische Staats-Eisenbahnen or K.Bay.Sts.B.), was a heavy goods traintank locomotive of the Mallet type. It was later designated the DRG Class 96 (Baureihe 96) by the DRG, DB and DR.
The Gt 2x4/4 Mallet locomotive was equipped with two sets of compound-configured running gear, the front one, pivoted on a 15 cm thick coupling pin, had large low-pressure cylinders, and the rear one, which was fixed, had smaller high-pressure cylinders. Both had one driven and three coupled axles. The designer of this heavy locomotive was the then senior engineer and director at Maffei, Anton Hammel, (1857-1925), who had also developed the famous S 3/6. Between 1913 and 1914 the first series of 15 vehicles was procured and they entered service in 1914. The locomotives caused quite a stir at that time and could be seen at the railway exhibitions frequently held in those days (e.g. the 1922 transport exhibition in Munich) - and, like the S 3/6, they were often painted with a blue or ochre yellow photographic livery and adorned with a crowned chimney. As the first one of the second series, no. 5766 (96 016) was even spruced up with brass bands on the crowned chimney and boiler as well as brass decorations on its front cylinders, and certainly made an impression. A similar thing was carried out on the same locomotive after the rebuilding of the second series in 1926. Otherwise, the first series had a narrow chimney with a cap similar to the Prussian P 8. The operational livery of the K.Bay.Sts.B. locomotives was green with yellow lettering and a black chassis.
Due to the advent of the Prussian T 20 (DRG Class 95) in 1922 with its 1'E1' axle arrangement and better qualities than the initial Gt 2x4/4 series, a second series was built and deployed between 1922 (no. 5766) and 1923 (nos. 5767–5775). They were improved in comparison with their predecessors: greater evaporative heating area, capable of holding half a ton of coal more, greater axle load and service weight, short chimney (without a cap). Both series were later modified in different ways after being taken over by the Deutsche Reichsbahn, and incorporated into its classification scheme as Class 960. All locomotives were equipped with a Westinghouse compressed-air double brake, operating on all wheelsets from the front, the sand pipes initially served the second and fourth wheelsets of the front drive. After the modification of the second series in 1926, they were additionally fitted with a Riggenbach counter-pressure brake, and seven axles sanded to increase adhesion. To begin with the locos ran with three headlights at the front, but just two after 1926.
Rebuildedit
In 1925/1926 all the engines were rebuilt and strengthened, those of the first series being modified to a lesser extent (e.g. chimney enlargement, coal capacity increased from 4 to 4.5 t, boiler data, ride) than those of the second series. The following table shows the main changes that were made to second series:
High-pressure cylinder extended from 520 mm to 600 mm diameter
Increase in the centre coupled axle's axle load from 15.4 Mp to 16.4 Mp
Area of operationsedit
The locomotives were developed specially for the steep ramps in the K.Bay.Sts.B.'s territory: the railway line from Sonneberg–Probstzella, the Spessart ramp, the Franconian Forest Railway (Frankenwaldbahn), the Schiefe Ebene (lit: inclined plane), and the line from Eger to Asch (today Cheb-Aš). Its Mallet design at this size proved to have good traction and curve running on the tight mountain bends. The first test journey in 1914 took place on the route from Lichtenfels-Rothenkirchen. It was worth being able to mount the steep ramps in a much shorter time in order for the lines to generate a profit. In this role she was able to provide good service for up to 30 years and more, especially as a pusher locomotive, but also as the motive power for goods and passenger trains and reduced journey times by around 40%. The Mallet could manage an incline of 25‰ at 25 km/h hauling 465 tons, and could achieve a maximum of 40 km/h with lighter trains.
Along with other high performance steam engines like the "H02 1001" and a coal dust-fired Prussian G 12 (DRG BR 58), loco no. 96 019 was to be seen at the world trade conference in Berlin-Tempelhof in 1930, where she was Germany's and Europe's heaviest Mallet tank locomotive. Quite a few locos were stabled in the locomotive depots (Bahnbetriebswerke or Bw) at Aschaffenburg, Neuenmarkt-Wirsberg and Rothenkirchen. Others were stationed at Munich and Eger.
Retirementedit
Six machines (96 001, 96 003, 96 005, 96 007, 96 013, 96 014) were retired by 1945 and 96 015 was lost to military action. After 1945, nine engines of each series remained in the territory of the Deutsche Bundesbahn. They were stationed in Munich and Nuremberg and were retired in 1948 as a splinter class with fewer than 20 units. Of those, two machines, 96 002 and 96 024, went to the Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany) and until 1954 were on the books of the Stendal repair shop.
Modelsedit
No examples have survived - only two excellent 1:10 scale models (1.82 m long) of prototypes in the second series, 96 016 and 96 025, can be admired in the Deutsches Museum at Munich and in the Nuremberg Transport Museum. They were made during the 1930s by students at the repair shed in Ingolstadt.
For many years Märklin offered an H0 model in different colour schemes and also a model in Z scale. An N gauge model has been available from Arnold.
A static model (unknown brand) was also offered as part of a collection series, presumably in HO scale.
Lüdeke, Steffen (1983). Die Baureihe 96 - Gigant unter den Dampfloks. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer Verlag Edition Eisenbahn. ISBN3-17-007933-6.
Lüdeke, Steffen (1991). Die Baureihe 96 – Malletriese für den Schiebedienst. Freiburg: EK-Verlag. ISBN3-88255-831-8.
Weisbrod, Manfred; Bäzold, Dieter; Obermayer, Horst J. (1995). Das große Typenbuch deutscher Lokomotiven. Berlin: Transpress Verlag. p. 180. ISBN3-344-70751-5.
Weisbrod, Manfred; Müller, Hans; Petznik, Wolfgang (1978). Dampflokomotiven deutscher Eisenbahnen, Baureihe 60–96 (EFA 1.3) (in German) (4th ed.). Düsseldorf: Alba. pp. 220–224. ISBN3-87094-083-2.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bavarian Gt 2x4/4.
malletlok.de
Gt 2 x 4-4 - K.Bay.St.B. - BR 96 - DRG Märklinfan Club Italia
ModelsList of bay. Gt 2 x 4-4 Bauart 1913/1923 Frits-Osterhun-Files
LCTM Lista de Correo de Trenes Märklin
October 28, 2023
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This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations December 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Bavarian Class Gt 2 4 4 bayerische Gt 2x4 4 engine of the Royal Bavarian State Railways Koniglich Bayerische Staats Eisenbahnen or K Bay Sts B was a heavy goods train tank locomotive of the Mallet type It was later designated the DRG Class 96 Baureihe 96 by the DRG DB and DR Bavarian Gt 2 4 4DRG Class 960DR Class 960Model of a Gt 2 4 4 in H0 scaleNumber s K Bay Sts B 5751 5765DRG 96 001 96 015 K Bay Sts B 5766 5775DRG 96 016 96 025 1Quantity 15 10Manufacturer MaffeiYear s of manufacture 1913 1914 1922 1923Retired 1936 1940 1944 1948 1954Wheel arrangement Whyte 0 8 8 0Axle arrangement UIC D D h4vtSub class Gt 88 15 Gt 88 16Track gauge 1 435 mm 4 ft 8 1 2 in Length over couplers 16 900 mm 17 100 mmLength over buffers 17 500 mm 17 700 mmHeight 4 65 m 4 55 mWidth 3 15 mBogie wheelbase 1 500 mmWheelbase 4 500 mmOverall wheelbase 12 200 mmMinimum curve 180 mEmpty weight 99 4 t 105 4 tService weight 123 2 t 131 1 tAdhesive weight 123 2 t 131 1 tAxle load 15 4 t 16 4 tTop speed 50 km h 40 km h on 25 inclineIndicated power 1 470 PSi 1 081 kW 1 630 PSi 1 199 kW Coupled wheel diameter 1 216 mmValve gear Walschaerts Heusinger No of cylinders 4 2 LP 2 HP LP cylinder bore 800 mmHP cylinder bore 520 mm 600 mmPiston stroke 640 mmBoiler 2 46 m steam8 43 m water 2 46 m steam8 21 m WaterBoiler overpressure 15 barNo of heating tubes 213 218147 after rebuild No of smoke tubes 24 34Heating tube length 5 075 mGrate area 4 25 m2Radiative heating area 14 75 m2 14 65 m2Tube heating area 216 14 m2 185 78 m2Superheater area 55 39 m2 65 37 m2Evaporative heating area 230 89 m2 200 43 m2Water capacity 11 m 12 3 m Fuel 4 t coal 4 5 t rebuild 5 t coalBrakes Westinghouse compressed air double brakeAuxiliary brake Riggenbach counter pressure brakeRemarks 1 techn data after rebuild 1925 1926 Serie 2 Contents 1 Description 2 Rebuild 3 Area of operations 4 Retirement 4 1 Models 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksDescription editThe Gt 2x4 4 Mallet locomotive was equipped with two sets of compound configured running gear the front one pivoted on a 15 cm thick coupling pin had large low pressure cylinders and the rear one which was fixed had smaller high pressure cylinders Both had one driven and three coupled axles The designer of this heavy locomotive was the then senior engineer and director at Maffei Anton Hammel 1857 1925 who had also developed the famous S 3 6 Between 1913 and 1914 the first series of 15 vehicles was procured and they entered service in 1914 The locomotives caused quite a stir at that time and could be seen at the railway exhibitions frequently held in those days e g the 1922 transport exhibition in Munich and like the S 3 6 they were often painted with a blue or ochre yellow photographic livery and adorned with a crowned chimney As the first one of the second series no 5766 96 016 was even spruced up with brass bands on the crowned chimney and boiler as well as brass decorations on its front cylinders and certainly made an impression A similar thing was carried out on the same locomotive after the rebuilding of the second series in 1926 Otherwise the first series had a narrow chimney with a cap similar to the Prussian P 8 The operational livery of the K Bay Sts B locomotives was green with yellow lettering and a black chassis Due to the advent of the Prussian T 20 DRG Class 95 in 1922 with its 1 E1 axle arrangement and better qualities than the initial Gt 2x4 4 series a second series was built and deployed between 1922 no 5766 and 1923 nos 5767 5775 They were improved in comparison with their predecessors greater evaporative heating area capable of holding half a ton of coal more greater axle load and service weight short chimney without a cap Both series were later modified in different ways after being taken over by the Deutsche Reichsbahn and incorporated into its classification scheme as Class 960 All locomotives were equipped with a Westinghouse compressed air double brake operating on all wheelsets from the front the sand pipes initially served the second and fourth wheelsets of the front drive After the modification of the second series in 1926 they were additionally fitted with a Riggenbach counter pressure brake and seven axles sanded to increase adhesion To begin with the locos ran with three headlights at the front but just two after 1926 Rebuild editIn 1925 1926 all the engines were rebuilt and strengthened those of the first series being modified to a lesser extent e g chimney enlargement coal capacity increased from 4 to 4 5 t boiler data ride than those of the second series The following table shows the main changes that were made to second series High pressure cylinder extended from 520 mm to 600 mm diameter Blastpipe set lower and diameter increased Chimney widened and shortened a little Reduction in the number of heating tubes and increase in the number of smoke tubes Reduction in the total tube heating area Increase in the superheater area Installation of a feedwater heater Oberflachenvorwarmer in front of the stack Installation of a second air pump next to the first Installation of Riggenbach counter pressure brake Increased coal bunker capacity from 4 5 t to 5 t Modified boiler fittings sandbox steam dome Modifications to improve the ride slipping of the front LP running gear Sand pipes for 7 instead of 2 wheelsets Increase in adhesive weight from 123 2 to 131 1 Mp Increase in the centre coupled axle s axle load from 15 4 Mp to 16 4 MpArea of operations editThe locomotives were developed specially for the steep ramps in the K Bay Sts B s territory the railway line from Sonneberg Probstzella the Spessart ramp the Franconian Forest Railway Frankenwaldbahn the Schiefe Ebene lit inclined plane and the line from Eger to Asch today Cheb As Its Mallet design at this size proved to have good traction and curve running on the tight mountain bends The first test journey in 1914 took place on the route from Lichtenfels Rothenkirchen It was worth being able to mount the steep ramps in a much shorter time in order for the lines to generate a profit In this role she was able to provide good service for up to 30 years and more especially as a pusher locomotive but also as the motive power for goods and passenger trains and reduced journey times by around 40 The Mallet could manage an incline of 25 at 25 km h hauling 465 tons and could achieve a maximum of 40 km h with lighter trains During World War I when Germany occupied Belgium four Gt 2x4 4 were briefly used as banking engines on the steep incline between Liege and Ans 29 9 However they performed quite poorly and were soon withdrawn from this task Along with other high performance steam engines like the H02 1001 and a coal dust fired Prussian G 12 DRG BR 58 loco no 96 019 was to be seen at the world trade conference in Berlin Tempelhof in 1930 where she was Germany s and Europe s heaviest Mallet tank locomotive Quite a few locos were stabled in the locomotive depots Bahnbetriebswerke or Bw at Aschaffenburg Neuenmarkt Wirsberg and Rothenkirchen Others were stationed at Munich and Eger Retirement editSix machines 96 001 96 003 96 005 96 007 96 013 96 014 were retired by 1945 and 96 015 was lost to military action After 1945 nine engines of each series remained in the territory of the Deutsche Bundesbahn They were stationed in Munich and Nuremberg and were retired in 1948 as a splinter class with fewer than 20 units Of those two machines 96 002 and 96 024 went to the Deutsche Reichsbahn East Germany and until 1954 were on the books of the Stendal repair shop Models edit No examples have survived only two excellent 1 10 scale models 1 82 m long of prototypes in the second series 96 016 and 96 025 can be admired in the Deutsches Museum at Munich and in the Nuremberg Transport Museum They were made during the 1930s by students at the repair shed in Ingolstadt For many years Marklin offered an H0 model in different colour schemes and also a model in Z scale An N gauge model has been available from Arnold A static model unknown brand was also offered as part of a collection series presumably in HO scale See also editRoyal Bavarian State Railways List of Bavarian locomotives and railbusesReferences editLudeke Steffen 1983 Die Baureihe 96 Gigant unter den Dampfloks Stuttgart Kohlhammer Verlag Edition Eisenbahn ISBN 3 17 007933 6 Ludeke Steffen 1991 Die Baureihe 96 Malletriese fur den Schiebedienst Freiburg EK Verlag ISBN 3 88255 831 8 Weisbrod Manfred Bazold Dieter Obermayer Horst J 1995 Das grosse Typenbuch deutscher Lokomotiven Berlin Transpress Verlag p 180 ISBN 3 344 70751 5 Weisbrod Manfred Muller Hans Petznik Wolfgang 1978 Dampflokomotiven deutscher Eisenbahnen Baureihe 60 96 EFA 1 3 in German 4th ed Dusseldorf Alba pp 220 224 ISBN 3 87094 083 2 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bavarian Gt 2x4 4 The Gt 2x4 4 malletlok de Gt 2 x 4 4 K Bay St B BR 96 DRG Marklinfan Club Italia ModelsList of bay Gt 2 x 4 4 Bauart 1913 1923 Frits Osterhun Files LCTM Lista de Correo de Trenes Marklin Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bavarian Gt 2 4 4 amp oldid 1061700521, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
