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The Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Конституция на Република България, Konstitutsia na Republika Bǎlgariya) is the supreme and basic law of the Republic of Bulgaria. The current constitution was adopted on 12 July 1991 by the 7th Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria, and defines the country as a unitaryparliamentaryrepublic. It has been amended five times (in 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2015).
The constitution sets about a parliamentary form of government, in which executive power is rested upon the Government of Bulgaria, legislative power within National Assembly and judicial power is distributed through the judicial institutions, with the Supreme Judicial Council at its head. The institution of President of Bulgaria is created as an arbiter between the other branches of government and wields mostly ceremonial powers, most notable of which is his position as Commander-in-chief of the Armed forces of Bulgaria.[1]
Government formation
The Bulgarian government is nominally appointed by the President, but the latter must follow strict protocol during said appointment. When government formation takes place, the President is obliged to give the first mandate over to the largest party or faction within the national assembly. That faction then puts forward its proposed government, when is then put to a vote in the assembly. For the government to be elected, it needs to obtain the support of a majority of elected representatives during a session in which there is a quorum. Should the largest party refuse the mandate, or should it fail to secure the support of a majority in the house, the President is then obliged to hand the mandate over to the second largest party or faction. Only if the second largest faction also fails to form a government is the President allowed to exercise discretion appointing a temporary caretaker government until new elections can be held.[2]
Society
Identity
The Bulgarian constitution states that the territorial integrity of the country is "inviolable" and expressly forbids any autonomous territorial formations from being allowed to exist. The Bulgarian language is designated as the country's only official language.[1]
Religion
The constitution establishes the Eastern Orthodox Church as "a traditional religion in the Republic of Bulgaria", but states that religious institutions must be separate from the state and forbids religious communities and institutions from being used for political purposes. It also prohibits the formation of political parties based on religious or racial/ethnic affiliation.[1]
Marriage
Marriage is defined as a "voluntary union between a man and a woman", explicitly rejecting any marriages other than civil marriages concluded under this clause, thus effectively prohibiting both same-sex and polygamous marriages.[3]
Amendments to the constitution
Amendments to most parts of the constitution may be adopted by the ordinary National Assembly, but the adoption of an entirely new constitution or the alteration of key articles, such as those pertaining to the form of state organization or national territory can only be adopted through the calling of a Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria. The Grand National Assembly is an extended National Assembly composed of 400 elected representatives, instead of the 240 in the ordinary National Assembly. It is tasked specifically with making major alterations to the nation's constitution and is dissolved following the completion of the amendment process.[4]
In either case, constitutional amendments may only be proposed either by 25% of the elected representatives within the assembly or by the President and require a 66% supermajority of elected representatives in order to be adopted.[4]
Proposed 2020 amendments
During the 2020–2021 Bulgarian protests, Prime Minister Boyko Borisov announced that he would back a change in the country's constitution. The proposal tabled by his party would call for a Grand National Assembly in order to discuss the changes. Among them was a proposal to scrap the institution of the Grand National Assembly altogether, reduce the terms of judges and prosecutors and reduce the number of elected representatives in the ordinary National Assembly from 240 to 120.[5] His proposals were supported by his coalition partners in the SDS[6] and conditionally by the VMRO, pending additional amendments to return conscription and adopt further articles prohibiting same-sex marriage, among others.[7] The Volya Movement did not comment on the proposals, but rejected the government's calls for Grand National Assembly elections. Democratic Bulgaria tacitly supported the proposals, while President Rumen Radev, the opposition Bulgarian Socialist Party and There Are Such People parties and opposition leader Maya Manolova rejected them outright.[8] Likewise, the proposals were also mostly rejected by the protesters on the streets.[9]
^ abc"Chapter One - Fundamental Principles". Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria(PDF). Sofia. 1991.
^Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria(PDF). Sofia. 1991. Article 99.
^Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria(PDF). Sofia. 1991. Article 46.
^ ab"Chapter Nine - How the constitution is amended and supplemented. Adoption of a new constitution". Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria(PDF). Sofia. 1991.
^"Проектоконституцията на ГЕРБ премахва Великото народно събрание". bTV Новините. Retrieved 2020-08-17.
^"СДС: Предложението на Борисов е държавническо, да затворим страниците на Лилово-Лукановата Конституция". Dnes.dir.bg. Retrieved 2020-08-14.
^"След изявлението на Борисов: ВМРО искат още "6 неща" в Конституцията". bTV Новините. Retrieved 2020-08-14.
^"Първи коментари за предложенията на Борисов". Vesti.bg (in Bulgarian). Retrieved 2020-08-14.
^"Протестиращи: Не вярваме на предложението на Борисов за нова Конституция и ВНС". bTV Новините. Retrieved 2020-08-14.
External links
Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Constitution of Bulgaria
January 25, 2023
constitution, bulgaria, this, article, expanded, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, bulgarian, february, 2020, click, show, important, translation, instructions, view, machine, translated, version, bulgarian, article, machine, translation, l. This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Bulgarian February 2020 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Bulgarian article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 254 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Bulgarian Wikipedia article at bg konstituciya na Republika Blgariya see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated bg konstituciya na Republika Blgariya to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation The Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria Bulgarian Konstituciya na Republika Blgariya Konstitutsia na Republika Bǎlgariya is the supreme and basic law of the Republic of Bulgaria The current constitution was adopted on 12 July 1991 by the 7th Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria and defines the country as a unitary parliamentary republic It has been amended five times in 2003 2005 2006 2007 and 2015 Constitution of BulgariaThe cover of the ConstitutionOverviewOriginal titleKonstituciya na Republika BlgariyaJurisdiction BulgariaDate effective13 July 1991SystemParliamentaryGovernment structureBranches3ExecutiveCouncil of MinistersJudiciarySupreme Court of Cassation of BulgariaFederalismUnitaryHistoryAmendments6Last amended18 December 2015Author s 7th Grand National AssemblySupersedesZhivkov ConstitutionChronologically it is the fourth constitution of Bulgaria the first being the Tarnovo Constitution of 1879 It was immediately preceded by the two Socialist era constitutions the Dimitrov Constitution named after Georgi Dimitrov in force between 1947 and 1971 and the Zhivkov Constitution named after Todor Zhivkov in force between 1971 and 1991 Contents 1 Content 1 1 Political System 1 1 1 Distribution of powers 1 1 2 Government formation 1 2 Society 1 2 1 Identity 1 2 2 Religion 1 2 3 Marriage 1 3 Amendments to the constitution 2 Proposed 2020 amendments 3 See also 3 1 Former constitutions 3 2 Others 4 References 5 External linksContent EditPolitical System Edit Distribution of powers Edit The constitution sets about a parliamentary form of government in which executive power is rested upon the Government of Bulgaria legislative power within National Assembly and judicial power is distributed through the judicial institutions with the Supreme Judicial Council at its head The institution of President of Bulgaria is created as an arbiter between the other branches of government and wields mostly ceremonial powers most notable of which is his position as Commander in chief of the Armed forces of Bulgaria 1 Government formation Edit The Bulgarian government is nominally appointed by the President but the latter must follow strict protocol during said appointment When government formation takes place the President is obliged to give the first mandate over to the largest party or faction within the national assembly That faction then puts forward its proposed government when is then put to a vote in the assembly For the government to be elected it needs to obtain the support of a majority of elected representatives during a session in which there is a quorum Should the largest party refuse the mandate or should it fail to secure the support of a majority in the house the President is then obliged to hand the mandate over to the second largest party or faction Only if the second largest faction also fails to form a government is the President allowed to exercise discretion appointing a temporary caretaker government until new elections can be held 2 Society Edit Identity Edit The Bulgarian constitution states that the territorial integrity of the country is inviolable and expressly forbids any autonomous territorial formations from being allowed to exist The Bulgarian language is designated as the country s only official language 1 Religion Edit The constitution establishes the Eastern Orthodox Church as a traditional religion in the Republic of Bulgaria but states that religious institutions must be separate from the state and forbids religious communities and institutions from being used for political purposes It also prohibits the formation of political parties based on religious or racial ethnic affiliation 1 Marriage Edit Marriage is defined as a voluntary union between a man and a woman explicitly rejecting any marriages other than civil marriages concluded under this clause thus effectively prohibiting both same sex and polygamous marriages 3 Amendments to the constitution Edit Amendments to most parts of the constitution may be adopted by the ordinary National Assembly but the adoption of an entirely new constitution or the alteration of key articles such as those pertaining to the form of state organization or national territory can only be adopted through the calling of a Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria The Grand National Assembly is an extended National Assembly composed of 400 elected representatives instead of the 240 in the ordinary National Assembly It is tasked specifically with making major alterations to the nation s constitution and is dissolved following the completion of the amendment process 4 In either case constitutional amendments may only be proposed either by 25 of the elected representatives within the assembly or by the President and require a 66 supermajority of elected representatives in order to be adopted 4 Proposed 2020 amendments EditDuring the 2020 2021 Bulgarian protests Prime Minister Boyko Borisov announced that he would back a change in the country s constitution The proposal tabled by his party would call for a Grand National Assembly in order to discuss the changes Among them was a proposal to scrap the institution of the Grand National Assembly altogether reduce the terms of judges and prosecutors and reduce the number of elected representatives in the ordinary National Assembly from 240 to 120 5 His proposals were supported by his coalition partners in the SDS 6 and conditionally by the VMRO pending additional amendments to return conscription and adopt further articles prohibiting same sex marriage among others 7 The Volya Movement did not comment on the proposals but rejected the government s calls for Grand National Assembly elections Democratic Bulgaria tacitly supported the proposals while President Rumen Radev the opposition Bulgarian Socialist Party and There Are Such People parties and opposition leader Maya Manolova rejected them outright 8 Likewise the proposals were also mostly rejected by the protesters on the streets 9 See also EditFormer constitutions Edit Tarnovo Constitution 1879 Dimitrov Constitution 1947 Zhivkov Constitution 1971 Others Edit Constitution Constitutional economics Rule according to higher law RechtsstaatReferences Edit a b c Chapter One Fundamental Principles Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria PDF Sofia 1991 Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria PDF Sofia 1991 Article 99 Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria PDF Sofia 1991 Article 46 a b Chapter Nine How the constitution is amended and supplemented Adoption of a new constitution Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria PDF Sofia 1991 Proektokonstituciyata na GERB premahva Velikoto narodno sbranie bTV Novinite Retrieved 2020 08 17 SDS Predlozhenieto na Borisov e drzhavnichesko da zatvorim stranicite na Lilovo Lukanovata Konstituciya Dnes dir bg Retrieved 2020 08 14 Sled izyavlenieto na Borisov VMRO iskat oshe 6 nesha v Konstituciyata bTV Novinite Retrieved 2020 08 14 Prvi komentari za predlozheniyata na Borisov Vesti bg in Bulgarian Retrieved 2020 08 14 Protestirashi Ne vyarvame na predlozhenieto na Borisov za nova Konstituciya i VNS bTV Novinite Retrieved 2020 08 14 External links EditConstitution of the Republic of Bulgaria Wikisource has original text related to this article Constitution of Bulgaria Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Constitution of Bulgaria amp oldid 1125597875, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
