Hungarian pengő coins (Hungarian: pengő érmék) were part of the physical form of Hungary's historical currency, the Hungarian pengő. Initially, higher value coins were made of silver to reflect value and stability. Later, during the second world war, these coins were replaced first by banknotes and later by aluminium coins. By the end of 1945, pengő coins completely lost their value due to rampant inflation.
Before World War II, the fillér and pengő coins were made of bronze (1 and 2 f), cupronickel (10-, 20-, and 50 f), and 640 ‰ fine silver (1-, 2-, and 5 P). Commemorative 2 and 5 pengő coins were issued on anniversaries in large quantities (hundreds of thousands) and were released into circulation. The coins had a Baroque style; the most important designers were János Pálinkás, Lajos Berán, and József Reményi.
Although pengő was based on a gold standard, and the quality standards of gold coins (10 and 20 pengő) were enacted,[1] no gold coins were released into circulation due to the Great Depression.[2]
These images are to scale at 2.5 pixels per millimeter, a standard for world coins. For table standards, see the coin specification table.
War series (1940-1944)Edit
As a consequence of the war, the government recalled the silver pengő coins (deadline: 31 January 1942) to prevent personal hoarding. These were replaced by newly designed aluminium coins. Later the cupronickel 10, 20 and 50 fillér coins were recalled as well, moreover, even the bronze 1 and 2 fillér coins disappeared after a time. First, they were replaced by steel, later - in the case of the 2 fillér - with zinc coins. The war coins were redesigned by Lajos Berán. As the war escalated, none of the above metals was cheap enough to mint coins. The solution was the issuing of low denomination paper money (see there).
"MAGYAR KIRÁLYSÁG", coat of arms with angels, value, mintmark, year of minting
"VITÉZ NAGYBÁNYAI HORTHY MIKLÓS MAGYARORSZÁG KORMÁNYZÓJA SZÜLETÉSÉNEK 75 ÉVFORDULÓJÁRA",7Miklós Horthy
1943
8 June 1943
31 October 1945
These images are to scale at 2.5 pixels per millimeter, a standard for world coins. For table standards, see the coin specification table.
Postwar series (1945)Edit
Only an aluminium 5-pengő-coin was minted under the postwar government. Due to the rampant inflation, all coins were withdrawn from circulation by the end of 1945.
"MAGYARORSZÁG VÉDASSZONYA" = "Patroness of Hungary"
"VITÉZ NAGYBÁNYAI HORTHY MIKLÓS MAGYARORSZÁG KORMÁNYZÓJA" = "Vitéz Miklós Horthy de Nagybánya, Regent of Hungary"
"A 300 ÉVES KIR PÁZMÁNY PÉTER TUD EGYETEM ALAPÍTÁSÁNAK EMLÉKÉRE" = "Anniversary of the establishment of the 300-year-old Péter Pázmány University of Sciences"
"VITÉZ NAGYBÁNYAI HORTHY MIKLÓS KORMÁNYZÓSÁGÁNAK 10 ÉVFORDULÓJÁRA" = "To the 10th anniversary of the regency of Vitéz Miklós Horthy de Nagybánya"
"VITÉZ NAGYBÁNYAI HORTHY MIKLÓS MAGYARORSZÁG KORMÁNYZÓJA SZÜLETÉSÉNEK 75 ÉVFORDULÓJÁRA" = "To the 75th anniversary of the birth of Vitéz Miklós Horthy de Nagybánya, Regent of Hungary"
"MAGYAR ÁLLAMI VÁLTÓPÉNZ" = "Hungarian state (or treasury) change money"
^(in Hungarian) www.1000ev.hu 2013-01-22 at the Wayback Machine (the Law No. XXXV 1925 - definition of the pengő value and related regulations)
^(in Hungarian) www.penzportal.hu[permanent dead link] (Foreign exchange control in Hungary)
September 01, 2023
coins, hungarian, pengő, hungarian, pengő, coins, hungarian, pengő, érmék, were, part, physical, form, hungary, historical, currency, hungarian, pengő, initially, higher, value, coins, were, made, silver, reflect, value, stability, later, during, second, world. Hungarian pengo coins Hungarian pengo ermek were part of the physical form of Hungary s historical currency the Hungarian pengo Initially higher value coins were made of silver to reflect value and stability Later during the second world war these coins were replaced first by banknotes and later by aluminium coins By the end of 1945 pengo coins completely lost their value due to rampant inflation Contents 1 Prewar series 1926 1940 2 War series 1940 1944 3 Postwar series 1945 4 Remarks 5 ReferencesPrewar series 1926 1940 EditBefore World War II the filler and pengo coins were made of bronze 1 and 2 f cupronickel 10 20 and 50 f and 640 fine silver 1 2 and 5 P Commemorative 2 and 5 pengo coins were issued on anniversaries in large quantities hundreds of thousands and were released into circulation The coins had a Baroque style the most important designers were Janos Palinkas Lajos Beran and Jozsef Remenyi Although pengo was based on a gold standard and the quality standards of gold coins 10 and 20 pengo were enacted 1 no gold coins were released into circulation due to the Great Depression 2 Prewar series Regular issuesImage Value Technical parameters Description Date ofObverse Reverse Diameter Thickness Mass Composition Edge Obverse Reverse first minting issue withdrawal 1 f 17 0 mm 1 0 mm 1 66 g Bronze95 copper4 tin1 zinc Smooth MAGYAR KIRALYSAG 1 Holy Crown of Hungary year of minting Value mintmark 1926 27 December 1926 31 December 1945 2 f 19 0 mm 1 5 mm 3 33 g 10 f 19 0 mm 1 5 mm 3 0 g Cupronickel75 copper25 nickel Smooth MAGYAR KIRALYSAG Holy Crown of Hungary year of minting Value mintmark 1926 27 December 1926 30 April 1942 20 f 21 0 mm 1 6 mm 4 0 g 50 f 22 0 mm 1 7 mm 5 0 g Milled 1 P 23 0 mm 1 5 mm 5 0 g 640 silver Incused MAGYAR KIRALYSAG coat of arms year of minting 31 January 1942 2 P 27 0 mm 2 1 mm 10 0 g MAGYAR KIRALYSAG coat of arms with angels value mintmark MAGYARORSZAG VEDASSZONYA 2 Madonna and Child year of minting 1929 25 June 1930 5 P 36 0 mm 3 0 mm 25 0 g MAGYAR KIRALYSAG coat of arms with angels value mintmark year of minting VITEZ NAGYBANYAI HORTHY MIKLoS MAGYARORSZAG KORMANYZoJA 3 Miklos Horthy 1938 15 March 1939 31 October 194510 P trial strike 18 0 mm mm 2 9239765 g 900 gold Milled MAGYAR KIRALYSAG coat of arms with angels year of minting Value mintmark 1927 never 20 P trial strike 20 0 mm mm 5 8479531 gPrewar series Commemorative issues 2 P 27 0 mm 2 1 mm 10 0 g 640 silver Incused MAGYAR KIRALYSAG coat of arms value year of minting mintmark A 300 EVES KIR PAZMANY PETER TUD EGYETEM ALAPITASANAK EMLEKERE 4 Peter Pazmany with two students 1935 25 September 1935 31 January 1942 2 P II RAKoCZI FERENC 1676 1735 Francis II Rakoczi 31 December 1935 2 P LISZT FERENC A NAGY MAGYAR ZENEKOLTO EMLEKERE 5 1811 1886 Franz Liszt 1936 10 August 1936 5 P 36 0 mm 3 0 mm 25 0 g Milled MAGYAR KIRALYSAG coat of arms with angels value mintmark VITEZ NAGYBANYAI HORTHY MIKLoS KORMANYZoSAGANAK 10 EVFORDULoJARA 6 Miklos Horthy year of minting 1930 25 June 1930 31 October 1945 5 P Incused MAGYAR KIRALYSAG coat of arms value mintmark year of minting SZT ISTVAN 969 1038 Stephen I of Hungary 1938 12 August 1938These images are to scale at 2 5 pixels per millimeter a standard for world coins For table standards see the coin specification table War series 1940 1944 EditAs a consequence of the war the government recalled the silver pengo coins deadline 31 January 1942 to prevent personal hoarding These were replaced by newly designed aluminium coins Later the cupronickel 10 20 and 50 filler coins were recalled as well moreover even the bronze 1 and 2 filler coins disappeared after a time First they were replaced by steel later in the case of the 2 filler with zinc coins The war coins were redesigned by Lajos Beran As the war escalated none of the above metals was cheap enough to mint coins The solution was the issuing of low denomination paper money see there War series Regular issuesImage Value Technical parameters Description Date ofObverse Reverse Diameter Thickness Mass Composition Edge Obverse Reverse first minting issue withdrawal 2 f 19 0 mm 1 6 mm 3 33 g Steel Smooth MAGYAR KIRALYSAG Holy Crown of Hungary year of minting Value mintmark 1940 4 November 1940 30 April 1941 2 f Brim striated Edge smooth 20 January 1941 31 December 1945 2 f 17 0 mm 2 0 mm 2 0 g Zinc Smooth 1943 17 February 1943 10 f 20 0 mm 1 4 mm 3 0 g Steel 1940 4 November 1940 20 f 21 0 mmhole 5 0 mm 1 7 mm 3 6 g 1941 11 November 1941 1 P 23 7 mm 1 6 mm 1 5 g Aluminium Milled MAGYAR KIRALYSAG coat of arms Value mintmark year of minting 9 June 1941 2 P 28 0 mm 2 3 mm 2 8 g MAGYAR KIRALYSAG coat of arms year of minting Value mintmarkWar series Commemorative issue 5 P 36 0 mm 2 6 mm 6 0 g Aluminium Milled MAGYAR KIRALYSAG coat of arms with angels value mintmark year of minting VITEZ NAGYBANYAI HORTHY MIKLoS MAGYARORSZAG KORMANYZoJA SZULETESENEK 75 EVFORDULoJARA 7 Miklos Horthy 1943 8 June 1943 31 October 1945These images are to scale at 2 5 pixels per millimeter a standard for world coins For table standards see the coin specification table Postwar series 1945 EditOnly an aluminium 5 pengo coin was minted under the postwar government Due to the rampant inflation all coins were withdrawn from circulation by the end of 1945 Postwar series Regular issueImage Value Technical parameters Description Date ofObverse Reverse Diameter Thickness Mass Composition Edge Obverse Reverse first minting issue withdrawal 5 P 32 0 mm 2 6 mm 4 5 g Aluminium Milled Coat of arms value mintmark year of minting MAGYAR ALLAMI VALToPENZ 8 Hungarian Parliament Building 1945 1 September 1945 31 December 1945These images are to scale at 2 5 pixels per millimeter a standard for world coins For table standards see the coin specification table Source in Hungarian www numismatics hu in Hungarian www penzportal hu permanent dead link Remarks Edit MAGYAR KIRALYSAG Kingdom of Hungary MAGYARORSZAG VEDASSZONYA Patroness of Hungary VITEZ NAGYBANYAI HORTHY MIKLoS MAGYARORSZAG KORMANYZoJA Vitez Miklos Horthy de Nagybanya Regent of Hungary A 300 EVES KIR PAZMANY PETER TUD EGYETEM ALAPITASANAK EMLEKERE Anniversary of the establishment of the 300 year old Peter Pazmany University of Sciences LISZT FERENC A NAGY MAGYAR ZENEKOLTO EMLEKERE To the memory of Franz Liszt the great Hungarian composer VITEZ NAGYBANYAI HORTHY MIKLoS KORMANYZoSAGANAK 10 EVFORDULoJARA To the 10th anniversary of the regency of Vitez Miklos Horthy de Nagybanya VITEZ NAGYBANYAI HORTHY MIKLoS MAGYARORSZAG KORMANYZoJA SZULETESENEK 75 EVFORDULoJARA To the 75th anniversary of the birth of Vitez Miklos Horthy de Nagybanya Regent of Hungary MAGYAR ALLAMI VALToPENZ Hungarian state or treasury change money References Edit Money portal Numismatics portal in Hungarian www 1000ev hu Archived 2013 01 22 at the Wayback Machine the Law No XXXV 1925 definition of the pengo value and related regulations in Hungarian www penzportal hu permanent dead link Foreign exchange control in Hungary Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Coins of the Hungarian pengo amp oldid 1109503906, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
