In fall of 1851, a treaty was never ratified by Oregon superintendent, Anson Dart. Another treaty was signed on January 10, 1855 and was ratified March 3, 1855. The Clackamas were to be granted twenty-five hundred dollars of resources, which only a fifth was paid.
The tribe subsisted on fish and roots. The Indians would construct large platforms made from cedar in order to dip their nets in over Willamette Falls. This form of fishing was used to harvest salmon. Once the salmon were caught and brought to shore, the women of the tribe would prepare the salmon by drying or smoking the salmon. This was then combined with a mixture of berries and nuts or salmon would be preserved in woven baskets to be preserved for the winter months. The Clackamas Indians would use salmon as a form of trade amongst other tribes. Other forms of trade included wapato, a root that also known as Sagittaria.
Both men and women wore leather leggings and tunics. Cedar barks was used to make skirts and bedding. An indication of high status in the tribe was intricate beadwork, quill, feather, and shell decorations. These shells were also used as a form of currency. Like others of the Chinookan peoples, they practiced head flattening. From infancy the head was compressed between boards, thus sloping the forehead backward. This was a way to indicate that a person was free rather than a slave.[2]
The Clackamas were expert woodworkers as they crafted canoes and plank lodges. Canoes were used to travel down rivers. A typical canoe was built to be between 20-30 feet. This feature allowed the tribe to carry more produce or people down the river. Having knowledge of the Clackamas river systems, the Clackamas people were hired by pioneers as guides to navigate the river systems.
Clackamas and other tribes would fish on Willamette Falls.
Tomanowos
The Willamette Meteorite is revered by the Clackamas Indians. The meteorite is called Tomanowos, which translates to "the visitor of heaven". The meteorite was believed to be given from the Sky People and is the unity between sky, earth, and water. Other tribes around the area thought that the meteorite possessed magical powers.[3]
Soosap was the "last" full blooded Indian as his mom was full blooded Clackamas and his father Klickitat. He lived off the Grand Ronde reservation; living his days in Oregon City performing odd jobs. His given name was Joseph Andrews as people couldn't pronounce his native name. He was also a known baseball player in the Pacific Northwest.[4]
^Ruby, Robert H.; John A. Brown; Cary C. Collins (2010). A guide to the Indian tribes of the Pacific Northwest (3rd ed.). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN978-0-8061-4024-7. OCLC 557404302.
^Stephen Dow Beckham, ed. (2006). Oregon Indians: voices from two centuries. Corvallis, Or.: Oregon State University Press. ISBN0-87071-088-5. OCLC 62326650.
^Rhodes, Dean (July 1, 2010). "Tomanowos" (PDF). Smoke Signals.
^"Joe Soosap Klickitat Clackamas last of the Clackamas". The Oregon Daily Journal. 1915-05-09. p. 12. Retrieved 2022-06-08.
External links
On the Clackamas people
more on the Clackamas people
National Geographic on the Clackamas Indians
On the Willamette Meteorite
January 31, 2023
clackamas, people, clackamas, indians, tribe, native, americans, state, oregon, traditionally, lived, along, clackamas, river, willamette, valley, lewis, clark, estimated, their, population, 1800, 1806, time, tribe, lived, villages, that, occupied, from, lower. The Clackamas Indians are a tribe of Native Americans of the U S state of Oregon who traditionally lived along the Clackamas River in the Willamette Valley Lewis and Clark estimated their population at 1800 in 1806 At the time the tribe lived in 12 villages that occupied from the lower Columbia River to an area what is now called Oregon City They resided towards the east side of the Willamette River given this length of land In February 1841 Reverend Francois Norbert Blanchet and Reverend Alvin F Waller converted Clackamas Chief Popoh 1 A drawing of Clackamas Indians by Paul Kane In fall of 1851 a treaty was never ratified by Oregon superintendent Anson Dart Another treaty was signed on January 10 1855 and was ratified March 3 1855 The Clackamas were to be granted twenty five hundred dollars of resources which only a fifth was paid Contents 1 Lifestyle 2 Tomanowos 3 Descendants 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksLifestyle EditThe tribe subsisted on fish and roots The Indians would construct large platforms made from cedar in order to dip their nets in over Willamette Falls This form of fishing was used to harvest salmon Once the salmon were caught and brought to shore the women of the tribe would prepare the salmon by drying or smoking the salmon This was then combined with a mixture of berries and nuts or salmon would be preserved in woven baskets to be preserved for the winter months The Clackamas Indians would use salmon as a form of trade amongst other tribes Other forms of trade included wapato a root that also known as Sagittaria Both men and women wore leather leggings and tunics Cedar barks was used to make skirts and bedding An indication of high status in the tribe was intricate beadwork quill feather and shell decorations These shells were also used as a form of currency Like others of the Chinookan peoples they practiced head flattening From infancy the head was compressed between boards thus sloping the forehead backward This was a way to indicate that a person was free rather than a slave 2 The Clackamas were expert woodworkers as they crafted canoes and plank lodges Canoes were used to travel down rivers A typical canoe was built to be between 20 30 feet This feature allowed the tribe to carry more produce or people down the river Having knowledge of the Clackamas river systems the Clackamas people were hired by pioneers as guides to navigate the river systems Clackamas and other tribes would fish on Willamette Falls Tomanowos EditThe Willamette Meteorite is revered by the Clackamas Indians The meteorite is called Tomanowos which translates to the visitor of heaven The meteorite was believed to be given from the Sky People and is the unity between sky earth and water Other tribes around the area thought that the meteorite possessed magical powers 3 Descendants EditBy 1855 the 88 surviving members of the tribe were relocated to Grand Ronde Oregon first to the Grand Ronde Indian Reservation later they blended in the general population Soosap was the last full blooded Indian as his mom was full blooded Clackamas and his father Klickitat He lived off the Grand Ronde reservation living his days in Oregon City performing odd jobs His given name was Joseph Andrews as people couldn t pronounce his native name He was also a known baseball player in the Pacific Northwest 4 Descendants of the Clackamas belong to the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon See also EditOther Chinookans of the lower Columbia River Cathlamet MultnomahReferences Edit Ruby Robert H John A Brown Cary C Collins 2010 A guide to the Indian tribes of the Pacific Northwest 3rd ed Norman University of Oklahoma Press ISBN 978 0 8061 4024 7 OCLC 557404302 Stephen Dow Beckham ed 2006 Oregon Indians voices from two centuries Corvallis Or Oregon State University Press ISBN 0 87071 088 5 OCLC 62326650 Rhodes Dean July 1 2010 Tomanowos PDF Smoke Signals Joe Soosap Klickitat Clackamas last of the Clackamas The Oregon Daily Journal 1915 05 09 p 12 Retrieved 2022 06 08 External links EditOn the Clackamas people more on the Clackamas people National Geographic on the Clackamas Indians On the Willamette Meteorite Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Clackamas people amp oldid 1136682185, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
