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Cinema of Tunisia

August 19, 2023

The cinema of Tunisia began in 1896, when the Lumière brothers began showing animated films in the streets of Tunis.

Cinema of Tunisia
No. of screens48 (As of July 2022)[1]
 • Per capita0.2 per 100,000 (2009)[1]
Produced feature films (2005–2009)[2]
Total4 (average)
Number of admissions (2008)[3]
Total600,000

History

The first feature-length movie produced in North Africa, Les Cinq gentlemen maudits (The Five Accursed Gentlemen), was filmed in Tunisia by French director Luitz-Morat.[4] In 1922, Tunisian Albert Samama-Chikli directed Zohra followed by Ain Al-Ghazal (The Girl from Carthage) in 1924, making him one of the first native North African filmmakers.[5] In 1966, the first Tunisian feature film (95 minutes) Al-Fajr (The Dawn)[6] about the fight against French colonizers, was directed and produced by Omar Khlifi and shot on a 35 mm film.[7] Tunisia also hosts the Carthage Film Festival established in 1966. The festival gives priority to films from Arab-speaking and African countries and is the oldest film festival on the African continent.[8]

In 1927, Tunis-Film, the first Tunisian film distribution company was established. After the country's independence, movies were exclusively produced by Société Anonyme Tunisienne de Production et d'Expansion Cinématographique (SATPEC). Founded in 1964 by the President Habib Bourguiba, SATPEC controlled cinema and filming productions in the country at the time. During the 1980s, private production companies and studios emerged with the aim to make Tunisia the Mediterranean Hollywood. Tunisian producer Tarak Ben Ammar, a nephew of president Bourguiba, created the first film studio in Tunisia and succeeded in attracting notable production companies to shoot at his studios in Monastir. These included Roman Polanski's Pirates and Franco Zeffirelli's Jesus of Nazareth. After visiting Tunisia George Lucas, inspired by the natural beauty and old architecture of some Southern Tunisian towns, decided to film important scenes of Star Wars, as well as Indiana Jones in the country. Anthony Minghella also filmed the Academy Awards winning The English Patient in a south-west oasis of the country.

Domestic productions were rare: the few movies which were produced since 1967 tried to reflect the new social dynamics, development, identity research, and modernity shock.[9] Some of them achieved relative success outside Tunisia, such as La Goulette (Halq El-Wadi 1996) directed by Ferid Boughedir which showed a flashback of typical community life in the small suburb of La Goulette in a period where Muslims, Jews and Christians lived together in tolerance and peace. Halfaouine: Child of the Terraces (Asfour Stah 1990), also by Boughedir, is possibly the biggest success in the history of Tunisian cinema. The movie showed the life of a child from the Halfaouine suburb of Tunis in the 60s, on a quest to understand relationships, the world of women, and how to be a man. In another earlier movie entitled Man of Ashes (Rih Essedd 1986) Boughedir again depicted Tunisian society without fear or favour, covering prostitution, paedophilia, and inter-faith relations between Tunisian Muslims and Tunisian Jews. In the 1991 film Bezness, he talked about the emerging sexual tourism inside the country. The Ambassadors (As-Soufraa 1975) directed by Naceur Ktari portrayed the life of immigrant Maghrebins in France and their struggle against racism. The film won the Golden Tanit for the best picture during the Carthage Film Festival in 1976, the special jury award from the Locarno International Film Festival in the same year and it has been classified in the Un Certain Regard category during the 1978 Cannes Film Festival.

The first Tunisian actress was Haydée Chikly, who starred in the short film, Zohra in 1922. The first feature film to be directed by a woman was Fatma 75 (1975) by Selma Baccar. Subsequent female directors films such as Néjia Ben Mabrouk's Sama (1988) and Moufida Tlatli's The Silences of Palace (1994).[10]

In 2007, several films were produced and grabbed public attention, such as Making Of, directed by Nouri Bouzid and Nejib Belkadi's VHS Kahloucha.

In 2013, Abdellatif Kechiche was the first-ever Tunisian director to win the Palme D'Or award. For his film Blue Is the Warmest Colour he split the award with his two lead actresses.

On March 21, 2018, the country opened its first City of Culture, a project one of its kind in Africa and the Arab world , located in downtown Tunis. The complex contains several theaters, cinemas, screens, art and history galleries, exhibition halls, a contemporary and modern art museum, a national book centre and a cultural investment centre. [11]


The first ever Cineplex in Tunisia opened in Tunis City mall in Tunis in December 2018, it consists of 8 screens and is operated by Les Cinémas Gaumont Pathé.[12] Two other multiplexes are set to open by Les Cinémas Gaumont Pathé in the coming years, one containing 8 screens at new Azur city mall in Banlieu Sud of Tunis[13] and one of 6 screens in Sousse. Hotel chain La cigale announced in 2017, that it is building a hotel along with a mall and a multiplex of 10 screens in Gammarth, Banlieue Nord of Tunis and is set to open in 2020.[14]

Around 2015, there were less than 30 screens under commercial use all across Tunisia, a number that is widely considered low in international standards for a country with a population of 11 millions. In November 2019, the number was estimated at 41 screens all across Tunisia. The country has seen a significant increase in theaters in recent years thanks to a renewed interest in movie-going as well as the development of multiplexes, a newly-introduced concept in the country. As of July 2022, there are 48 screens all across Tunisia.

Academy Award nominations

Main article: List of Tunisian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film

Tunisia has submitted films for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film on an irregular basis since 1995. The award is handed out annually by the United States Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue.[15] As of 2021, seven Tunisian films have been submitted for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film. The Man Who Sold His Skin was nominated for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film and was the first Tunisian film to be nominated for an Oscar.[16]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b . UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved November 5, 2013.
  2. ^ . UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from the original on October 23, 2013. Retrieved November 5, 2013.
  3. ^ . UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved November 5, 2013.
  4. ^ Salazkina, Masha; Fibla, Enrique (January 5, 2021). Global Perspectives on Amateur Film Histories and Cultures. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-05205-6.
  5. ^ . Archived from the original on October 28, 2008.
  6. ^ academic.oup.com https://academic.oup.com/crawlprevention/governor?content=%2fbook%2f35160%2fchapter-abstract%2f299394236%3fredirectedFrom%3dfulltext. Retrieved November 18, 2022. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  7. ^ "Africiné - le leader mondial du cinéma africain et diaspora". Africiné.
  8. ^ . IMDb. Archived from the original on December 27, 2009. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
  9. ^ . Archived from the original on October 7, 2011.
  10. ^ Chikhaoui, Tahar (May 1994). "Selma, Nejia, Moufida and the others". Ecrans d'Afrique (8): 10.
  11. ^ "TUNISIA INAUGURATES CITY OF CULTURE". Tunis Daily News.
  12. ^ "Special Rules for the Best Foreign Language Film Award". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
  13. ^ [Azurcity.tn,520,73539,3 "Azur City Tunis"]. Azur City. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  14. ^ "La Cigale Gammarth". Tunisie.Co.
  15. ^ . Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on August 20, 2008. Retrieved September 6, 2009.
  16. ^ "Romania Earns First Oscar Nomination for 'Collective,' Tunisia for 'The Man Who Sold His Skin'". www.hollywoodreporter.com. March 15, 2021.

Further reading

  • Robert Lang, New Tunisian Cinema: Allegories of Resistance, Columbia University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-231-16507-5
  • Florence Martin, "Cinema and State in Tunisia" in: Josef Gugler (ed.) Film in the Middle East and North Africa: Creative Dissidence, University of Texas Press and American University in Cairo Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-292-72327-6, ISBN 978-9-774-16424-8, pp 271–283

August 19, 2023
cinema, tunisia, cinema, tunisia, began, 1896, when, lumière, brothers, began, showing, animated, films, streets, tunis, naceur, ktari, 2000, screens48, july, 2022, capita0, 2009, produced, feature, films, 2005, 2009, total4, average, number, admissions, 2008,. The cinema of Tunisia began in 1896 when the Lumiere brothers began showing animated films in the streets of Tunis Cinema of TunisiaNaceur Ktari 2000 No of screens48 As of July 2022 1 Per capita0 2 per 100 000 2009 1 Produced feature films 2005 2009 2 Total4 average Number of admissions 2008 3 Total600 000 Contents 1 History 1 1 Academy Award nominations 2 See also 3 References 4 Further readingHistory EditThe first feature length movie produced in North Africa Les Cinq gentlemen maudits The Five Accursed Gentlemen was filmed in Tunisia by French director Luitz Morat 4 In 1922 Tunisian Albert Samama Chikli directed Zohra followed by Ain Al Ghazal The Girl from Carthage in 1924 making him one of the first native North African filmmakers 5 In 1966 the first Tunisian feature film 95 minutes Al Fajr The Dawn 6 about the fight against French colonizers was directed and produced by Omar Khlifi and shot on a 35 mm film 7 Tunisia also hosts the Carthage Film Festival established in 1966 The festival gives priority to films from Arab speaking and African countries and is the oldest film festival on the African continent 8 In 1927 Tunis Film the first Tunisian film distribution company was established After the country s independence movies were exclusively produced by Societe Anonyme Tunisienne de Production et d Expansion Cinematographique SATPEC Founded in 1964 by the President Habib Bourguiba SATPEC controlled cinema and filming productions in the country at the time During the 1980s private production companies and studios emerged with the aim to make Tunisia the Mediterranean Hollywood Tunisian producer Tarak Ben Ammar a nephew of president Bourguiba created the first film studio in Tunisia and succeeded in attracting notable production companies to shoot at his studios in Monastir These included Roman Polanski s Pirates and Franco Zeffirelli s Jesus of Nazareth After visiting Tunisia George Lucas inspired by the natural beauty and old architecture of some Southern Tunisian towns decided to film important scenes of Star Wars as well as Indiana Jones in the country Anthony Minghella also filmed the Academy Awards winning The English Patient in a south west oasis of the country Domestic productions were rare the few movies which were produced since 1967 tried to reflect the new social dynamics development identity research and modernity shock 9 Some of them achieved relative success outside Tunisia such as La Goulette Halq El Wadi 1996 directed by Ferid Boughedir which showed a flashback of typical community life in the small suburb of La Goulette in a period where Muslims Jews and Christians lived together in tolerance and peace Halfaouine Child of the Terraces Asfour Stah 1990 also by Boughedir is possibly the biggest success in the history of Tunisian cinema The movie showed the life of a child from the Halfaouine suburb of Tunis in the 60s on a quest to understand relationships the world of women and how to be a man In another earlier movie entitled Man of Ashes Rih Essedd 1986 Boughedir again depicted Tunisian society without fear or favour covering prostitution paedophilia and inter faith relations between Tunisian Muslims and Tunisian Jews In the 1991 film Bezness he talked about the emerging sexual tourism inside the country The Ambassadors As Soufraa 1975 directed by Naceur Ktari portrayed the life of immigrant Maghrebins in France and their struggle against racism The film won the Golden Tanit for the best picture during the Carthage Film Festival in 1976 the special jury award from the Locarno International Film Festival in the same year and it has been classified in the Un Certain Regard category during the 1978 Cannes Film Festival The first Tunisian actress was Haydee Chikly who starred in the short film Zohra in 1922 The first feature film to be directed by a woman was Fatma 75 1975 by Selma Baccar Subsequent female directors films such as Nejia Ben Mabrouk s Sama 1988 and Moufida Tlatli s The Silences of Palace 1994 10 In 2007 several films were produced and grabbed public attention such as Making Of directed by Nouri Bouzid and Nejib Belkadi s VHS Kahloucha In 2013 Abdellatif Kechiche was the first ever Tunisian director to win the Palme D Or award For his film Blue Is the Warmest Colour he split the award with his two lead actresses On March 21 2018 the country opened its first City of Culture a project one of its kind in Africa and the Arab world located in downtown Tunis The complex contains several theaters cinemas screens art and history galleries exhibition halls a contemporary and modern art museum a national book centre and a cultural investment centre 11 The first ever Cineplex in Tunisia opened in Tunis City mall in Tunis in December 2018 it consists of 8 screens and is operated by Les Cinemas Gaumont Pathe 12 Two other multiplexes are set to open by Les Cinemas Gaumont Pathe in the coming years one containing 8 screens at new Azur city mall in Banlieu Sud of Tunis 13 and one of 6 screens in Sousse Hotel chain La cigale announced in 2017 that it is building a hotel along with a mall and a multiplex of 10 screens in Gammarth Banlieue Nord of Tunis and is set to open in 2020 14 Around 2015 there were less than 30 screens under commercial use all across Tunisia a number that is widely considered low in international standards for a country with a population of 11 millions In November 2019 the number was estimated at 41 screens all across Tunisia The country has seen a significant increase in theaters in recent years thanks to a renewed interest in movie going as well as the development of multiplexes a newly introduced concept in the country As of July 2022 there are 48 screens all across Tunisia Academy Award nominations Edit Main article List of Tunisian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film Tunisia has submitted films for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film on an irregular basis since 1995 The award is handed out annually by the United States Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to a feature length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non English dialogue 15 As of 2021 seven Tunisian films have been submitted for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film The Man Who Sold His Skin was nominated for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film and was the first Tunisian film to be nominated for an Oscar 16 See also EditArab cinema Cinema of the worldReferences Edit a b Table 8 Cinema Infrastructure Capacity UNESCO Institute for Statistics Archived from the original on December 24 2018 Retrieved November 5 2013 Average national film production UNESCO Institute for Statistics Archived from the original on October 23 2013 Retrieved November 5 2013 Table 11 Exhibition Admissions amp Gross Box Office GBO UNESCO Institute for Statistics Archived from the original on December 24 2018 Retrieved November 5 2013 Salazkina Masha Fibla Enrique January 5 2021 Global Perspectives on Amateur Film Histories and Cultures Indiana University Press ISBN 978 0 253 05205 6 History of Tunisian Cinema Archived from the original on October 28 2008 academic oup com https academic oup com crawlprevention governor content 2fbook 2f35160 2fchapter abstract 2f299394236 3fredirectedFrom 3dfulltext Retrieved November 18 2022 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Missing or empty title help Africine le leader mondial du cinema africain et diaspora Africine Carthage Film Festival Page on IMDB IMDb Archived from the original on December 27 2009 Retrieved June 29 2018 Un cinema dynamique Tangka Guide Archived from the original on October 7 2011 Chikhaoui Tahar May 1994 Selma Nejia Moufida and the others Ecrans d Afrique 8 10 TUNISIA INAUGURATES CITY OF CULTURE Tunis Daily News Special Rules for the Best Foreign Language Film Award Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Azurcity tn 520 73539 3 Azur City Tunis Azur City a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Check url value help La Cigale Gammarth Tunisie Co Special Rules for the Best Foreign Language Film Award Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Archived from the original on August 20 2008 Retrieved September 6 2009 Romania Earns First Oscar Nomination for Collective Tunisia for The Man Who Sold His Skin www hollywoodreporter com March 15 2021 Further reading EditRobert Lang New Tunisian Cinema Allegories of Resistance Columbia University Press 2014 ISBN 978 0 231 16507 5 Florence Martin Cinema and State in Tunisia in Josef Gugler ed Film in the Middle East and North Africa Creative Dissidence University of Texas Press and American University in Cairo Press 2011 ISBN 978 0 292 72327 6 ISBN 978 9 774 16424 8 pp 271 283 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cinema of Tunisia amp oldid 1149784514, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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