Chiang Hsiao-yen

Not to be confused with Chang Hsiao-yen.

In this Chinese name, the family name is Chiang.

Chiang Hsiao-yen (Chinese: 蔣孝嚴; pinyin: Jiǎng Xiàoyán; Wade–Giles: Chiang³ Hsiao⁴-yen²; born 1 March 1942^[5]) or John Chiang, formerly surnamed Chang (章; Zhāng), is a Taiwanese politician affiliated with the Kuomintang. He is the speculated illegitimate son of Chiang Ching-kuo, former leader of the Republic of China, which would make him the grandson of Chiang Kai-shek.^[4]

Chiang Hsiao-yen John Chiang
蔣孝嚴
Official portrait, 2005
Vice Chairman of Kuomintang
In office 22 November 2008 – 30 April 2014^[1]
Chairman	Wu Po-hsiung Ma Ying-jeou
Member of the Legislative Yuan
In office 1 February 2002 – 31 January 2012
Succeeded by	Lo Shu-lei (TPI 3rd)
Constituency	Taipei Taipei 3rd
12th Secretary-General of the Kuomintang
In office 11 December 1997 – 18 November 1999
Chairman	Lee Teng-hui
Preceded by	Wu Po-hsiung
Succeeded by	Huang Kun-huei
16th Secretary-General to the President
In office 18 November 1999 – 22 December 1999^[2]
President	Lee Teng-hui
Preceded by	Huang Kun-huei
Succeeded by	Ting Mao-shih
18th Vice Premier of the Republic of China
In office 1 September 1997 – 11 December 1997
Prime Minister	Vincent Siew
Preceded by	Hsu Li-teh
Succeeded by	Liu Chao-shiuan
12th Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office 10 June 1996 – 20 October 1997
Prime Minister	Lien Chan Vincent Siew
Preceded by	Fredrick Chien
Succeeded by	Jason Hu
Personal details
Born	Chang Hsiao-yen (1942-03-01) 1 March 1942 (age 81) Second People's Hospital of Guilian, Guilin, Kwangsi, Republic of China^[3]
Nationality	Taiwan
Political party	Kuomintang
Spouse	Helen Huang
Children	Chiang Hui-lan, Chiang Hui-yun, Chiang Wan-an
Parents	Disputed: Chiang Ching-kuo Guo Libo [zh] Wang Jichun [zh]^[4] (father) Chang Ya-juo (mother)
Alma mater	Soochow University Georgetown University
Chiang Hsiao-yen Traditional Chinese 蔣孝嚴 Simplified Chinese 蒋孝严 Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Jiǎng Xiaòyán Wade–Giles Chiang³ Hsiao⁴-yen² Original Name Traditional Chinese 章孝嚴 Simplified Chinese 章孝严 Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Zhāng Xiaòyán Wade–Giles Chang¹ Hsiao⁴-yen²

Biography

He and his identical twin brother, Winston Chang, both illegitimate, are believed to have been born the sons of Chiang Ching-kuo and his mistress Chang Ya-juo at public hospital in Guilin. Since they were born out of wedlock, the twins took their mother's surname, Chang, though they were given the Chiang generation name (孝; Xiào; Hsiaò) shared by all the grandchildren of Chiang Kai-shek, including Chiang Ching-kuo's legitimate children.

Chang Ya-juo died when the brothers were one year old in August 1942, and they were raised by Chang Ya-juo's younger brother, Chang Hau-juo (章浩若) and his wife Chi Chen (紀琛). Their uncle and aunt were listed as their natural parents on official documents until December 2002, when the true parents were listed.^[6] Chou Chin-hua (周錦華), the boys' maternal grandmother, and the 7-year-old brothers moved to Taiwan amid the Chinese Civil War.^[2] They were not informed that Chiang Ching-kuo was their father until they were in high school.^[2][7][8] The Chang brothers went to Soochow University at the same time. John later obtained an M.S. from Georgetown University.

With Helen H. Huang (黃美倫), he has two daughters, Hui-lan (惠蘭) and Hui-yun (惠筠), and a son, Wan-an (萬安). In March 2005, he officially changed his surname to "Chiang", saying, "The change represents a respect for history, a return to the facts, and a realization of my parents' wishes." He also announced that his children would follow suit.^[9]

Political career

Chiang began his career in the foreign service, serving in the ROC embassy in Washington, D.C., from 1974 to 1977. In the 1980s, he held various administrative posts in the ROC Foreign Ministry specializing in North American Affairs. He was Administrative Vice Minister from 1986 to 1990, Director General, of the Overseas Affairs Department in 1990, and Political Vice Minister from 1990 to 1993. In 1993 he was appointed to the cabinet-level post of Chairman of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission and served as a member of the KMT Central Standing Committee. He was selected a member of the National Assembly in 1996.

He was Foreign Minister from 1996 to 1997, vice premier in 1997, and Secretary-General of the presidential office in 1999. He was speculated as a potential running mate for Lien Chan on the KMT ticket in the 2000 presidential elections until a sex scandal involving a mistress caused him to resign on 22 December 1999.^[2] His alleged mistress strenuously denied the allegations, filing suit against the newspaper which had named her.^[10]

Chang announced his candidacy for the December 2001 legislative elections in March 2001.^[11] One of his opponents in the December 2001 elections was his alleged 1999 mistress, but she received only a fraction of his eventual winning vote count.^[12] From 2002 through 2012, he was a member of the Legislative Yuan, first representing the constituency of Taipei City South from 2002 to 2005 and then representing Taipei City North from 2005 through 2012. He served as the Chairman of Interior Affairs Committee while in the legislature.

In January 2006, Chiang declared his candidacy as a KMT candidate for the Taipei Mayor,^[13] but withdrew from the race in April, stating he did so for party solidarity.^[14]

At the end of March 2007, Chiang staged a rally at the Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall in support of his grandfather, late President Chiang Kai-shek.^[15] The Memorial hall was later renamed, in a hotly controversial move, by the Executive Yuan, to the National Taiwan Democracy Memorial Hall, striking out the name of Chiang Kai-Shek temporarily; the Memorial's name was restored on 21 August 2008.

In the 2008 Republic of China legislative election, John Chiang won re-election in his district of Taipei City North.

In April 2011, Chiang lost a poll for the Kuomintang legislative candidacy to Lo Shu-lei, a fellow Kuomintang legislator, in the Taipei Zhongshan-Songshan electoral district by a margin of 0.58 percent.^[16] The poll was made binding for the KMT nomination^[17] and Lo Shu-lei was later elected to the Legislative Yuan.^[18]

In March 2015, Chiang's son Wan-an announced his candidacy for the Legislative Yuan in the KMT primary for Taipei's Zhongshan-Songshan district, which put him against Lo Shu-lei and Wang Hung-wei for the KMT nomination.^[19] Chiang Wan-an subsequently won the KMT primary in May 2015,^[20] quickly gaining name recognition thanks in part to his chats with prospective voters as they waited for garbage trucks.^[21] John Chiang's participation in his son's campaign was limited to moral support and babysitting his son's children.^[21]

Family tree

Family of Chiang Hsiao-yen

Soong May‑ling 宋美齡 Mao Fumei 毛福梅 Chiang Kai‑shek 蔣介石 Yao Yecheng 姚冶誠 Chen Jieru 陳潔如 Faina Chiang Fang‑liang 蔣方良 Chiang Ching-kuo 蔣經國 Chang Ya‑juo 章亞若 (mistress) Shih Chin‑i 石靜宜 Chiang Wei‑kuo 蔣緯國 (adopted) Chiu Ju‑hsüeh 丘如雪 Chen Yao‑kuang 陳瑶光 (adopted) Alan Chiang Hsiao‑wen 蔣孝文 Amy Chiang Hsiao‑chang 蔣孝章 Alex Chiang Hsiao‑wu 蔣孝武 Eddie Chiang Hsiao‑yung 蔣孝勇 Winston Chang Hsiao‑tzu 章孝慈 John Chiang Hsiao‑yen 蔣孝嚴 Chiang Hsiao‑kang 蔣孝剛 Nancy Xu Nai‑jin 徐乃錦 Yu Yang‑ho 俞揚和 Wang Zhang‑shi 汪長詩 Michelle Tsai Hui‑mei 蔡惠媚 Elizabeth Fang Chi‑yi 方智怡 Chao Chung‑te 趙申德 Helen Huang Mei‑lun 黃美倫 Wang Yi‑hui 王倚惠 Theodore Yu Tsu‑sheng 俞祖聲 Chang Ching‑sung 章勁松 Chang Yo‑chu 章友菊 Vivian Chiang Hui‑lan 蔣惠蘭 Chiang Hui‑yün 蔣惠筠 Chiang Wan‑an 蔣萬安 Chiang Yo‑mei 蔣友梅 Alexandra Chiang Yo‑lan 蔣友蘭 Johnathan Chiang Yo‑sung 蔣友松 Demos Chiang Yo‑bo 蔣友柏 Edward Chiang Yo‑chang 蔣友常 Andrew Chiang Yo‑ching 蔣友青 Chiang Yo‑chüan 蔣友娟 Chiang Yo‑chieh 蔣友捷 Notes Dashed lines represent marriages Dotted lines represent extra-marital relationships and adoptions Solid lines represent descendants Sources

References

1. Hsu, Stacy (1 May 2014). "President designates trio to replace KMT vice chairmen". Taipei Times. CNA. from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
2. Hsu, Crystal (14 July 2002). "John Chang fights for a name". Taipei Times. from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
3. "桂林市第二人民医院——厚德 奉献 精诚 创新". from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
4. "蔣經國日記否認孝嚴、孝慈是骨肉 2020-06-01". June 2020. from the original on 12 June 2020. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
5. 蔣孝嚴; Chiang, John (2006). [The Chiang family's outside children] (in Chinese). Taipei: 天下遠見出版股份有限公司. ISBN 9789864176816. OCLC 70663153. Archived from the original on 14 November 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
6. Hsu, Crystal (14 December 2002). "John Chang gets new identity". Taipei Times. from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
7. Demick, Barbara (20 June 2003). "A Scion's Story Full of Twists". Los Angeles Times. from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
8. Bradsher, Keith (11 January 2003). "Taiwan Lawmaker's Skill May Be Hereditary". The New York Times. from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
9. "Chang has become Chiang". Taipei Times. CNA. 8 March 2005. from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
10. "Chang's alleged mistress begins newspaper lawsuit". Taipei Times. 28 January 2000. from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
11. Hsu, Crystal (28 March 2001). "John Chang returns to KMT politics". Taipei Times. from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
12. Huang, Sandy (2 December 2001). "Celebrities are among election victors". Taipei Times. from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
13. Mo, Yan-chih (14 January 2006). "Legislator seeks to extend Chiang dynasty". Taipei Times. from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
14. Shih, Hsiu-chuan (27 April 2006). "Dictator's grandson drops out of Taipei mayoral race". Taipei Times. from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
15. Mo, Yan-chih (31 March 2007). "KMT ready to rally against anti-Chiang moves". Taipei Times. from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
16. Mo, Yan-chih (25 April 2011). "KMT to investigate lawmaker tussle". Taipei Times. from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
17. "KMT reprimands Lo Shu-lei for conduct in primary". Taipei Times. CNA. 26 April 2011. from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
18. Mo, Yan-chih (27 April 2013). "KMT addresses party loyalty after complaints". Taipei Times. from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
19. Tsai, Ya-hua; Wang, Wen-hsuan; Chen, Wei-han (31 March 2015). "John Chiang's son to run in KMT legislative primary". Taipei Times. from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
20. Hsiao, Alison (21 May 2015). "Chiang Wan-an wins KMT primary". Taipei Times. from the original on 28 May 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
21. "Chiang Wan-an rises in KMT race". Taipei Times. CNA. 21 April 2015. from the original on 28 May 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.

Government offices
Preceded by Fredrick Chien	ROC Foreign Minister 1996–1997	Succeeded by Jason C. Hu